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Biomedical subjects

D Maraninchi

Publications and source records attributed to D Maraninchi.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

2' and 3' ribonucleoside monophosphate in leukocytes of acute myeloid leukemia: markers for early diagnosis of relapse.

Levels of 2' and 3' purine and pyrimidine ribonucleoside monophosphates (2'-, 3'-NMP) in leukocytes from blood and/or bone marrow were measured in three adult patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias. The measurements of 2'-, 3'-NMP were made by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at various times in the course of the disease. Complete remission (CR) was obtained for all three patients but two of these have since died after relapsing at 8 and 9 months, respectively. The third patient remains in CR at 1 1/2 year. The levels of 2'-, 3'-NMP in the leukocytes of the patient remaining in remission have not changed since the beginning of his remission. However, in the patients who relapsed 2'- and 3'-NMP levels increased first in bone marrow than in blood leukocytes. These increases occurred about 3 months before the relapse was detected by morphological criteria. These data suggest that 2'-, 3'-NMP measurements may have a prognostic value if used to monitor patients with acute myeloid leukemia in CR.

Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1982

[Incidence, prognosis and prevention of septicaemias in patients under treatment for acute leukaemia (author's transl)].

Septicaemias are frequent and severe in patients with acute leukaemia under aplastic treatment. The present study concerns 69 such patients: 29 with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), and 40 with acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia (ANLL). All were treated in single rooms in the same hospital and in similar conditions. The overall incidence of septicaemia was 62%; it was 60% in patients with recently diagnosed ALL and 68% during relapses. More than 34% of ALL patients and 82.5% of ANLL patients had one or several episodes of septicaemia. Among the 74 pathogens isolated 50% were Gram-positive organisms, 45% Gram-negative organisms and 5% Candida spp.. The first episodes of septicaemias were predominantly caused by Gram-positive spp. (61%) and the subsequent ones by Gram-negative spp. (60%). The primary infection could only be diagnosed in 19% of the cases and was most frequently located in the digestive tract or perineal region. The most common focal complications were lung infections (18 cases), skin infections (12 cases) and septic shock (15 cases). Seventy-four p. cent of the patients survived with prompt and potent antibiotic therapy. Death occurred in 26% and was clearly related to the following factors: chemotherapy of relapsed leukaemia and/or blastic aplasia and/or successive episodes of septicaemia. The incidence and severity of septicaemias in leukaemic patients will only be reduced by improved prophylactic measures against infection and by less pronounced and shorter chemotherapy-induced granulocytopenia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Granulocyte progenitor compartments after allogeneic bone marrow grafts.

Bone marrow granulocyte colony forming cells (CFU-C) were measured in HLA compatible sibling donor-recipient pairs. The regeneration of granulocytes and CFU-C compartments were also studied in order to evaluate haemopoietic recovery. The number of nucleated bone marrow cells in the donation was 23 +/- 4 X 10 cells, which recipients received (3.5 +/- 0.4) X 10(8) nucleated cells/kg and (1.19 +/- 0.32) X 10(5) CFU-C/kg. This produced a bone marrow reconstitution of (67 +/- 26) X 10(5) CFU-C/kg by day 30. There was a significant correlation between CFU-C/kg and (1) granulocyte count on day 30 (P equal less than 0.05) and (2) the first day of reappearance of neutrophils in the blood (P equal less than 0.05). These results indicate that the speed and completeness of granulocyte regeneration can be predicted by measurement of the size of the CFU-C inoculant in the bone marrow graft.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Continuous 5-day vindesine in the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas (author's transl)].

Vindesine is a semisynthetic vinca alkaloïd. The short plasma half-life suggested that continuous infusion can improve the therapeutic results by maintaining a constant plasma level. Twenty one patients (acute lymphoblastic leukemia = 5 cases; blastic crisis of chronic myelocytic leukemia = 6 cases; lymphomas 10 cases) received 5-day Vindesine infusion (0,7 mg/m2/d). All these patients had previously several treatments and were resistant to usual chemotherapies including other vinca alkaloids (76% of cases). Eighteen patients were evaluable for response: 13 (72%) had partial responses or minor regressions. Toxicity was not important. Continuous 5-day infusion of Vindesine might be used widely in patients with blood diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Granulocytic progenitor cells (CFC) in a child with infantile genetic agranulocytosis (IGA) and in phenotypically normal parents.

Granulocytic progenitor cells (CFC) from the bone marrow of a child with infantile genetic agranulocytosis (IGA) were cultured twice in vitro, and the bone marrow colony-forming ability was found to be elevated. Nevertheless, when the colony-forming ability was considered in view of the differential marrow cell count and the level of circulating granulocytes, an ineffective granulopoiesis was suggested. In this patient, the blood culture showed a high number of circulating CFC. Bone marrow and blood CFC cultures were also done for the child's two parents, who were phenotypically normal and unquestionably blood-related. The number of circulating CFC was low for the father and normal for the mother. The marrow colony-forming ability of both parents was greatly reduced at the time of two cultures. This fact could constitute a way to detect the risk of IGA in descendants of blood-related subjects.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1978

Effects of treatment of malignant lymphomas on the granulocytic progenitor cells (CFUc).

The goal of this work was to appraise the after-effects of radiotherapy and associated radio- and chemotherapy on hematosarcomas by studying the granulocytic progenitor cells (CFUc). The bone marrow of 14 subjects was cultured in methylcellulose 1--6.5 years after completion of radiotherapy. The results were recorded as the number of CFUc per 10(5) nucleated medullary cells plated and per 10(5) metamyelocytes plated, and the total number of medullary CFUc was calculated. These different modes of expression are discussed. The post-radiotherapeutic effects appeared to be closely correlated with the volum irradiated. Chemotherapy seemed in several cases to accentuate the effects. Nevertheless, the organism can operate a powerful compensatory mechanism by means of increased mitosis, and in addition, certain subjects are able to maintain a normal number of CFUc after an aggressive treatment. It was possible in certain cases to study the medullary regeneration of the irradiated zone by culture of the CFUc and by the 59Fe external counting. Its extent after radiotherapy seemed for both the granulocytic and the red cell line to be correlated with the volume irradiated. Subject to the study of new cases, regeneration appears to be very reduced when chemotherapy is associated with radiotherapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Interest of sequential "in vitro" cultures of granulomonocytic stem cells (CFUc) in the management of chemotherapy in a case of multiple myeloma (author's transl)].

Sequential measures of granulomonocytic stem cell (CFUc) pool were undertaken during chemotherapy in a case of multiple myeloma. Whereas the number of blood granulocytes remained unchanged, the total number of CFUc was markedly decreased. Therefore the CFUc marrow pool can be considered as one of the data in the management of chemotherapy. In multiple myeloma, the tumour mass can be evaluated by the secretion of monoclonal lg. It appears possible to adapt the schedule of chemotherapy considering both its effect against the tumoral cells and its toxicity on bone marrow stem cells.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychosocial aspects of haematopoietic stem cell donation for allogeneic transplantation: how family donors cope with this experience.

Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) allogeneic transplantation is an innovative medical procedure which has many advantages in comparison with bone marrow (BM) transplantation, but it involves administering haematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) to donors, the long-term physiological effects of which have not yet been established. The main aim of the present study was to analyse how family PBSC donors cope when confronted with this particular risk context. In addition to data collected on the personal and social aspects of the donors' experience, questionnaires were used to measure their quality of life (pain and anxiety) before, during and after donation, and they were subsequently interviewed in depth by a psychologist. Twenty-two donors participated in this study. They did not all react to the experience of blood cell donation in the same way, in terms of their own personal feelings, attitudes towards the donation, their relationships with the other members of the family, and their awareness of the risk involved.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Local recurrences after conservative treatment of breast cancer: risk factors and influence on survival].

AIMS OF THE STUDY: To determine the risk factors for local and distant failure in node-negative breast cancer treated with breast-conservative surgery and radiotherapy and to determine the relationship between these two events. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively selected 908 patients who received conservative surgery and radiotherapy but no chemotherapy between 1980 and 1995, for a node-negative breast cancer. Patients were divided in two groups according to the status of the margins of resection. All pathology specimens were reviewed. RESULTS: In case of negative margins, the risk factors for local recurrences picked up by the Cox model were histologic multifocality (P = 0.0076), peritumoral vessel invasion (P = 0.021) and age < or = 40 years (P = 0.024), and in case of involved margins, negative oestrogen receptors (P = 0.0012), histologic multifocality (P = 0.0028), and absence of hormonal therapy (P = 0.017). The 10-year local recurrence rate was 18% in case of negative margins and 29% in case of involved margins, although in the latter case patients received high-dose adjuvant radiotherapy. Accordingly, the 10-year distant failure rates were 16% and 27%, respectively. Many arguments suggest that local and distant failures are closely related. CONCLUSION: Patients with histologic multifocality or positive margins are at high risk of local failure and then of distant failure, and require a more aggressive initial treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of gram-positive infections in patients treated with high-dose chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation: a randomized controlled trial of vancomycin.

Between January 1986 and June 1988, 155 patients (73 children and 82 adults), who were candidates for bone marrow transplantation, were included in a randomized controlled trial (75 patients in vancomycin group and 80 patients in the group without vancomycin) to evaluate the efficiency of a short course of vancomycin (10 mg/kg i.v. every 6 hours, day-5 to +1) in decreasing the incidence of Gram-positive infections during aplasia after high-dose chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. There was no statistical difference in the occurrence of documented septicemia, documented coccus Gram-positive infections, or fever of unknown origins during aplasia in the 2 groups. Thus, short prophylactic treatment with vancomycin proved inefficient in reducing morbidity due to infection after high-dose chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell support in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: analysis of 67 patients treated in a single institution.

BACKGROUND: Advanced ovarian carcinoma is a chemosensitive tumor, but its prognosis is poor with 20 to 30% 5-year survival using conventional therapy. Increasing doses of chemotherapy might improve the prognosis because of the dose-effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1980 and 1994 at Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 67 patients with advanced ovarian cancer were treated with different alkylating agents-based regimens of high dose chemotherapy (HDC) and hematopoietic stem cell support (HSCS). The population was divided in 2 groups: a salvage group (n = 30) including initial conventional chemotherapy-refractory patients, and a consolidation group (n = 37) including patients whose disease was sensitive to classical first-line chemotherapy after debulking surgery. RESULTS: Toxicity was essentially hematological (severe aplasia) and digestive (mucositis). Four toxic deaths occurred related to infection during immunosuppression. In the salvage group, 9 out of 22 evaluable patients responded (41%), but the duration of responses was short (median range of 6 months) and the 2-year overall survival rate was 13%. In the consolidation group, 17 patients are still alive, 12 with progression with a median follow-up of 63 months. The 5-year disease-free survival rate was 32% while the 5-year overall survival rate was 46%. CONCLUSIONS: Toxicity of HDC with HSCS is acceptable for poor-prognosis patients. In the long term, this therapy is not beneficial for chemotherapy refractory patients, despite objective response rates better than the conventional treatment, confirming the dose-effect for alkylating agents in ovarian cancer. On the other hand, the results seem better than classical therapy in case of chemosensitive disease and should be confirmed prospectively in a larger cohort of patients.

Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating↗