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Biomedical subjects

D Mancia

Publications and source records attributed to D Mancia.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Clinical-electrophysiological correlations in the carpal tunnel syndrome.

56 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) with 84 hands affected were investigated. All patients were assessed clinically and electromyographically in order to find out whether there is a correlation between clinical signs and/or symptoms and the EMG data. A highly significant correlation was found between sensory deficit (hypoesthesia to touch and/or pain) and the amplitude of SAP and a significant correlation between motor deficits (weakness and/or atrophy) and distal motor latency.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

The cyclic alternating pattern as a physiologic component of normal NREM sleep.

The cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) is a long-lasting periodic activity consisting of two alternate electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns. This variation in EEG is closely related to fluctuations in the level of arousal that characterize two different functional states in the arousal control mechanism. We studied 20 sleep records of 10 healthy subjects to see if CAP appears under physiologic conditions. During NREM sleep, CAP corresponded to a periodic succession of spontaneous phasic phenomena recurring within every stage, i.e., intermittent alpha rhythm, K-complex sequences, and reactive slow wave sequences. The following analyses were performed. Each EEG specific alternating pattern, defined as a cycle, was subdivided into two phases depending on the arousal response to stimulation. Average cycle length, average duration of each phase, and average ratio phase/cycle were calculated. CAP rate defined as (CAP time/Sleep time) was calculated for total sleep time (TST), (Cap time/TST); for NREM sleep, (CAP time/Total NREM); and for each NREM sleep stage. CAP is the EEG translation of the reorganization of the sleeping brain challenged by the modification of environmental conditions.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1983

Seizures triggered by blinking when beginning to speak.

A patient had seizures triggered by spontaneous blinking associated with the act of beginning to speak. Diffuse paroxysmal discharges in the EEG appeared when the patient was blinking in darkness or in bright light. Closing the eyes voluntarily, on command, or as a reflex reaction produced this response very infrequently. During intermittent photic stimulation the epileptic discharges were accompanied by myoclonic jerks. The act of beginning to speak was linked with spontaneous blinking and EEG changes and was accompanied consistently by seizures. These were characterized by a peculiar stuttering and an absencelike impairment of consciousness. Seizures have been controlled well using clonazepam and valproic acid.

Blinking↗
PubMed1983

The effect of amantadine on arousal and EEG patterns in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

In recent years, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) has been supposed to be of viral origin, and amantadine hydrochloride has been suggested as therapy because of its proved antiviral action. We studied nine patients with CJD (confirmed at autopsy in seven). Four were treated with amantadine hydrochloride, in dosages ranging from 3.5 to 15 mg/kg/day for an average period of 32 days. The clinical evolution of their disease was compared with that in five patients receiving only supportive maintenance therapy. The length of survival from the onset of clinical care did not differ significantly between the two groups. Nevertheless, a transient improvement in wakefulness and mentation was observed in three patients treated with amantadine, and EEG changes were observed in two, consisting above all of a reduction in the slow-wave activity and the periodic discharges (PDs). Amantadine administered intravenously did not induce any short-term changes in the PDs or the cyclic alternating pattern.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Autoscopic occipital seizures and occipital poroencephalic lesion: considerations on a case].

Autoscopy is an hallucinatory phenomenon during which the subject see his own image. It may be caused by organic processes like migraine, vascular diseases, tumoral lesions, and exceptionally by epileptic seizure. The case of 15 years old boy is reported, affected by hemianopia, surgically treated squint, who presented occipital epileptic seizures consisting of autoscopic hallucinations, leftward conjugate eye deviation, followed by a typical major seizures. A right parieto-occipital epileptic focus was a constant finding on EEG. On CT a poroencephalic cyst in the corresponding cerebral region could be demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Is the EEG cyclic alternating pattern a true autonomous entity? Analytic study in a case of post-traumatic coma with good prognosis.

The cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) characterizes stage-II coma according to Fischgold and Mathis. Its evolution and prognostic value are still uncertain. An analytic investigation of CAP and its components (phase A of greater arousal and phase B of lesser arousal) was conducted on a patient with post-traumatic coma who completely recovered. The relationships between this type of pattern and the stages of physiologic sleep were investigated during four prolonged night recordings taken at regular intervals. The evolution of CAP in post-traumatic coma is compared with the development of CAP observed in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The hypothesis is suggested that CAP may be related to other cyclic phenomena, especially the Lundberg B-type CSF pressure waves. According to this assumption, in a coma with CAP, mechanisms for the organization of arousal, which are not known but persist up to the threshold of death, could still be acting. In sleep these same mechanisms are supposed to be integrated with others, more sophisticated and less resistant to pathogenic injuries.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

The significance of cyclic EEG changes in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: prognostic value of their course in 9 patients.

The diagnostic value of the EEG in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is based not only on the presence of a typical pattern of periodic discharges but also on the appearance of cyclic changes in the EEG. The pattern of the cyclic EEG changes was analysed in 9 patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The changes appear when the level of wakefulness is reduced. The alternating pattern rate increases as the disease progresses and accounts for as much as 100 per cent of the tracing when the patient is in coma. During the cyclic changes the cardiorespiratory rate is always higher in phase A than in phase B. Hypertonic fits and most myoclonic jerks are present only in the A-phase, whereas partial myoclonus and fasciculations are present in both phases. The cyclic change pattern in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease reveals a progressive. The cyclic change pattern in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease reveals a progressive, serious involvement of the waking system.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Effects of PTZ-induced generalized epilepsy on intestinal activity in cats.

Simultaneous recordings of the EEG, the electromyogram of the small intestine, the electrocardiogram, and femoral arterial pressure were monitored in 24 cats anesthetized with halothane, immobilized with gallamine, and artificially respirated. During pentylenetetrazol-induced generalized seizures, intestinal activity was blocked, as demonstrated by the disappearance of spikes from the EMG. This block was abolished by spinal cord section at C1-C2 level and partially abolished by bilateral adrenalectomy. These results demonstrate the existence of inhibitory sympathetic mechanisms during generalized experimental seizures.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1981

The problem of subclinical localised paroxysmal rhythmic discharges (psychomotor variant discharges). Report of two cases.

Two cases are reported of patients whose EEGs showed localised rhythmic seizure activity in the midtemporal regions of one or both hemispheres, unaccompanied by any clinical symptoms: the patients' histories differed: one was of classic migraine and the other complex partial epilepsy. The frequency and morphology of the paroxysmal anomalies was identical in the waking state and in sleep. The nosographic classification of the phenomenon is discussed with reference to Gibbs' reports regarding the "psychomotor variant type of seizure discharge", to the work of Lipman and Hughes on "rhythmic mid-temporal discharge" and to that of Westmoreland and Klass on the "subclinical rhythmic EEG discharge of adults". But in contrast to the last phenomenon there were no signs pointing to a diffuse cerebrovascular disease. Reports of such a pattern are rare in the European literature and nonexistent in the Italian literature, facts which make an ordinary interpretation of the phenomenon difficult.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Possible interference between migrainous and epileptic mechanisms in intercalated attacks. Case report.

The possibility that epileptic seizures and classic migraine episodes may occur in the same patient is discussed. The probable relationship between the neurophysiological mechanisms which underlie both types of attacks has not yet been agreed upon. The case of a young man who suffered from classic migraine and who presented two convulsive epileptic attacks, preceded by visual aura is described. The EEG showed an epileptogenic occipito-temporal focus which corresponded to the region of the scotoma origin. A possible connection between scotoma in migraine and epileptic discharge is discussed. It is proposed that spreading depression, as the basis of the migraine prodomata, was preceded by a moment of intense neuronal excitation which changed the epileptic intercritical activity into a critical one.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Poligraphy during awakeness and sleep in patients with epilepsia partialis continua].

Report is made of two patients with Epilepsia Partialis Continua (E.P.C.) from brain organic damage (since carcinoma metastasis and localized ischemia). Clinical EEG, neuroradiological and anatomo-pathological and therapeutical problems are dealth with the light of a review on previous papers. The EEG by itself is assumed as a not sufficient neurophysiological mean. Long time poligraphic enregistrations during awakeness and sleep havae, on the contrary, produced interesting data. The continuous and localized more or less rhythmic myoclonus, which are the distinctive feature in the E.P.C., were in both the patients confined to the first two fingers of their hands; the more they decreased the deeper was sleep (phase II and III-IV) and almost disappeared in the REM phase. Thus poligraphic enregistrations for E.P.C. patients are maintained as very significant.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

[Experimental study on hepatic encephalopathy: EEG and blood amino acid findings].

The AA. describe a method of gradual occlusion of the portal vein in the rat to induce a hepatic encephalopaty. This method allows to realise a condition of hepatic ischemia and a portal hypertensive state accompanied by spontaneous portal-systemic shunts. These two factors produce a hepatic encephalopaty like in cirrhotic state or in patients after portal systemic anastomosis. A part from similar behavior at the beginning of the encephalopaty it is possible to define two classes of animals: one showing a slow recovery and one showing a transient and slight improvement followed at the end by the death of the animal. The AA. found a definite correlation amoung the clinica, EEG's, serum aminoacids and biochemical data. Probably the different anatomical and phisiological aspects of the induced portal systemic shunts and the different ways of hepatic rivascularization may determine the two different evolutions of the animals.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

[Epilepsy and the driver's license].

143 older than 18 years epileptic patients have been considered under the concers of their driving licence. The 33,5% of them was already in hold it. Epilepsy was under different clinical forms. The majority of the subjects would suffer from generalized primary suizures, otherwise from partial fits, either elementar or complex. Subjects who already had the licence (37 over 75 men and 15 over 68 women) were presenting most scanty crisis, or since one year had non suffered from any at all. The frequency of crisis was very low for all the patients who had presented epilepsy before beingin permitted to drive; no question had been raised for them. Subjects without licence (25 men over 42 and 18 women over 53) had not been permitted to drive because of their illness. This group was mainly composed by patients either suffering from epilectic cerebropaty from very frequent fits, or from both. It is maintained as reasonable that italian laws conform to those within other E.E.C. countries for what concerns driving licence for epileptics; these patients, whether controlled, are assumed as well capable as accountable in mastering their condition, even when driving.

Adult↗