Assignment of the ATBF1 transcription factor gene (Atbf1) to mouse chromosome band 8E1 by in situ hybridization.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
D Ma
Publications and source records attributed to D Ma.
[Enhancing immunogenicity of pres antigen of hepatitis B virus by fusing genetically it with interleukin-2].
OBJECTIVE: To combine the bioactivities of human interleukin-2 (IL-2) with entire preS antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBV), and search for specific immunotherapeutic agent against chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: A chimeric gene composed of preS gene from HBV DNA and human IL-2 cDNA was constructed by using polymerase chain reaction and genetic engineering methods, and a novel type of chimeric protein (IL-2-preS) was expressed with high efficiency in E. coli transformed by the chimeric gene clone. RESULTS: It was confirmed that the chimeric protein retained the full bioactivities of natural IL-2 and preS molecules, such as maintaining CTLL cells to proliferate, with the specific activity being about 10(7)u/mg protein, and binding with monoclonal antibodies against preS1 and preS2 and polymerized human serum albumin (PHSA), etc. It was shown that the titer of antibody against preS antigen in mice induced by IL-2-preS was 9, 11 and 13 times more than those induced by a mixture of IL-2 with preS antigen, MS-2-preS chimeric protein and preS antigen alone, respectively. CONCLUSION: IL-2-preS potentiates immunogenecity of preS antigen and enhances immune responses of human bodies against preS antigen. In addition, IL-2-preS is of double targetting effect in human bodies, and may be used as a new generation of immunotherapeutic agent for chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Animals↗
Association between NM23-H1 gene expression and metastasis of human uveal melanoma in an animal model.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of nm23 gene expression in the development of metastases of human uveal melanomas in an animal model. METHODS: Seven human uveal melanoma cell lines and two murine skin melanoma cell lines were subjected to Northern blot analysis for the detection of nm23-H1 mRNA and to immuno-histochemistry to detect nm23 antigen. Each tumor cell line was transplanted intracamerally into nude mice, and the metastatic behavior was evaluated by histopathologic analysis of the livers and by determining host survival times. RESULTS: There was a strong inverse correlation between the levels of nm23 mRNA expression and nm23 antigen expression and the development of metastases of all seven human uveal melanomas and both murine skin melanomas transplanted intracamerally. Host survival time also was correlated with the degree of nm23 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of nm23 mRNA and nm23 antigen in human uveal melanomas is correlated closely with reduced metastatic behavior in experimental animals and may serve as a sensitive prognostic indicator of malignancy and survival in patients with uveal melanomas.
Animals↗
Protective effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist on oleic acid-induced lung injury.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of interleukin-1 (IL-1), nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in mice with oleic acid-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and the protective effects of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Male Kunming mice were divided into control, oleic acid and IL-1ra groups. The control group mice were injected saline; the oleic acid group mice were injected oleic acid (0.2 ml/kg): and the IL-1ra group mice were injected the IL-1ra (20 mg/kg). Lung index, lung wet-to-dry weight ratio, and total protein, cell analysis, nitric oxide measurement, NOS activity in BALF, lung pathology examination were made after an hour of administration of drug. RESULTS: Preadministration of IL-1ra to the mouse with ALI decreased the lung index, lung wet-to-dry weight ratio and leakage of protein from pulmonary capillary, elevated PaO2, and attenuated lung histologic injury. It was found that in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), NO amount and lung NOS activity increased in oleic acid group, BALF NO amount and lung NOS activity decreased obviously after given IL-1ra. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the protective effect of IL-1ra on oleic acid-induced lung injury, NO may participate in the pathological process of lung injury.
Animals↗
[Factors affecting prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma with bilateral cervical lymph node metastases].
One hundred thirty nine cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma with bilateral lymph node metastases were reviewed. They were surgically treated at the Cancer Hospital of Shanghai Medical University in the years from 1956 through 1990. There were 73 men and 66 women with a median age of 35 (range 11-70) years. The median follow-up period was 11 years. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated for the population. The overall survival rate was 94.7% at 5 years, 85.9% at 10 years, and 82.3% at 15 years. In univariate analysis, factors influencing prognosis are age at diagnosis, tumor size, extrathyroidal invasion, residual tumor and thoroughness of excision. When Cox proportional risk model was applied to analyze the survival data, factors of survival significance are the age at diagnosis and thoroughness of excision.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA in granulomatous tissues from patients with sarcoidosis using polymerase chain reaction in situ technique.
To investigate the correlation between sarcoidosis and Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) infection, flagella DNA of Bb were detected in 23 granulomatous tissue specimens from patients with confirmed sarcoidosis using polymerase chain reaction in situ technique (in situ PCR) and the antibodies to Bb were examined in 55 serum samples obtained from the patients by indirect immunoflurescence assays. Our data presented that: (1) None of granulomatous tissues was found to have Bb DNA in 23 tissue samples. (2) Thirty of 55 (54.6%) patients with sarcoidosis were found antibodies to Bb positive, in contrast, six of 60 (10%) normal subjects had antibodies against Bb, the positive rate was remarkably higher in patient group than that in healthy group (P < 0.005). The results suggest that Bb might not be the causative agent of sarcoidosis, the elevated titres of serum antibodies against Bb in patients with sarcoidosis is a nonspecific response.
Antibodies, Bacterial↗
[An experimental study on BMP gene expression in vivo].
The authors inserted the full length BMP-1 cDNA into Xbal-treated pRc/RSV plasmid via ligation, resulting in construction of pRc/RSV/BMP-1 eukaryotic expression vector. The validity of the reconstructed vector was confirmed by the restriction map. Then more reconstructed plasmids were extracted. According to the general principle of gene therapy, 100 micrograms of pRc/RSV/BMP-1 plasmid was transferred into a Balb/c mouse quadriceps by implantation under anaesthesia respectively. After 3 weeks, the BMP gene expression was detected in the mouse muscles by histoimmunochemistry.
Animals↗
[Traumatic facial nerve injury in rabbits: a quantitative pathologic study].
Six kinds of facial nerve injury in 136 facial nerves of 68 rabbits were studied by quantitative pathology. The ratio of intrafascicular axon crossing and the ratio of intrafascicular area can reflect the extent of the lesions for non-cut injury (exposure, compression, stretch and crush) effectively. However, the ratio of mesial to distal intrafascicular area should be combined for the evaluation of cut injury (division and anastomosis). The mean optical density (F1), axon area (F13), and homogeneous degree (F49) can reflect quantitatively the form and extent of the single axon lesion and its content. The morphologic parameter (F10) can reflect the change of axon morphology. The results of quantitative pathologic study support the histopathologic study, and provide additional knowledge about the progress of serial axon lesions.
Animals↗
[The relationship of function and pathology of submandibular gland with sialolithiasis].
Submandibular glands with sialolithiasis are analysed histopathologically. The formation of the calculi of the submandibular glands may be related to the sialoadentitis and to the changes of saliva composition. Mineralization of the organic matrix may be one of the cause of calculus formation. By comparison of the glandular function with the pathology of the gland, it shows that the reduction of glandular function is associated with the severity of grandular inflammation. When function index is normal, grandular inflammation is in the Stage I or II, while it decreases or zero, grandular inflammation is in the Stage III or IV. Glandular function index may predict the severity of grandular inflammation.
Adult↗
[The application of regional excision of parotid gland in the treatment of Warthin tumors].
The regional excision of parotid gland (resection of the tumor with its surrounding glands) was applied in 54 cases with Warthin tumor. Its role was evaluated by follow-up study, iodine-starch test (Minor test), radionuclide scintigraphy, and comparison with superficial parotidectomy. The results showed that regional excision had the following advantages: shortening the time of operation, decreasing the injury of facial nerve, avoiding the facial deformity and Frey syndrome, and reserving the function of parotid glands. The theoretical basis, indications, and some considerable questions during the operation were discussed.
Adenolymphoma↗
[Comparisons of three simple nutritional assessments applied to patients with oral and maxillofacial malignancies].
Combined subjective and objective nutritional assessment (SNA), concise nutritional assessment (CNA), general nutritional status score (GNS), and subjective global assessment of nutritional status (SGA) were applied to assess the nutritional status of 127 patients with oral and maxillofacial malignancies. On this base SNA was used as a standard nutritional assessment to compare the validities of CNA, GNS, and SGA. The results showed: 1) the total agreement rate of CNA (88.2%) was higher than that of GNS (78.0%) and SGA (78.7%); 2) the false positive rate (9.9%) and false negative rate (15.2%) of CNA was lower than that of GNS (17.3%, 30.4%) and SGA (14.8%, 32.6%); 3) the diagnosis index of CNA (74.9%) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of GNS (52.3%) and SGA (52.6%); and 4) the nutritional parameters of CNA were measured by instruments with little man-made errors. These results indicate that CNA can be regarded as the best nutritional assessment for the patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Facial Neoplasms↗
[Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi DNA in granulomatous tissues from patients with sarcoidosis using polymerase chain reaction in situ technique].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between sarcoidosis and Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) infection. METHODS: Flagella DNA of Bb were detected in 23 tissue speciments from patients with confirmed sarcoidosis using polymerase chain reaction in situ technique (in situ PCR) and the antibodies to Bb were examined in 55 serum samples obtained from the patients by indirect immunoflurescence assays. RESULTS: (1) None of granulomatous tissues was found to have Bb DNA in 23 tissue samples. (2) 30 of 55 (54.6%) patients with sarcoidosis were found antibodies to Bb positive, in contrast, six of 60 (10%) normal subjects had antibodies against Bb, the positive rate was remarkably higher in patient group than that in healty group (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Bb might not be the causative agent of sarcoidosis, the elevated titres of serum antibodies against Bb in patients with sarcoidosis is a nonspecific response.
Borrelia burgdorferi Group↗
A dynamic and quantitative study of pattern visual evoked potentials and gamma-aminobutyric acid neurones in the lateral geniculate nucleus and the visual cortex of monocular deprivation cats.
PURPOSE: To assess the effects of monocular lid closure during critical period on cortical activity. METHOD: Pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP) of the normal and the monocular deprivation (MD) cats were dynamically measured and the number of gammaaminobutyric acid immunopositive (GABA-IP) neurones of the area 17 of the visual cortex and the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) was quantitatively compared by using immunohistochemical method (ABC). RESULTS: The amplitude of the N1-P1 attenuated in deprived eyes (DE), NE/DE at postnatal week (PNW) 7-8 (P < 0.05), NE/DE at PNW 15-16 (P < 0.01); while P1 latency delayed, NE/DE at PNW 7-8 (P > 0.05), NE/DE at PNW 15-16 (P< 0.05). The numbers of GABA-IP neurones in layer A1 of the ipsilateral LGN and in layer A of the contralateral LGN, compared to those in the corresponding normal laminae, were not significant at PNW 7-8 and PNW 11-12 (P > 0.05), while in the same cats a reduction in the number of GABA-IP neurones was found in layer IV of area 17 at PNW 11-12 (P < 0.05). However, with longer survival of 3-4 weeks in duration, the numbers of GABA-IP neurones in the deprived laminae of LGN were remarkably reduced (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The amplitude of N1-P1 components is sensitive to the effects of monocular deprivation. Monocular deprivation in cats during critical period leads to dramatic changes of the number of GABA-IP neurones in the LGN and cortical layer IV receiving inputs from the deprived eye in cats. The deprivation-induced reduction in GABA-IP neurones is delayed in the LGN compared with the visual cortex. PVEP of the MD cats is consistent with the damage of its GABA system in visual cortex.
Animals↗
[Salvage surgery for cervical metastasis from nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy].
One hundred and forty patients who had residual or recurrent lymph node metastasis from nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy underwent salvage surgery. The overall 3 and 5 year survival rates were 50.1% and 27.3%, the 3 and 5 year local control rates were 48.3% and 27.3%, the 3 and 5 years distant-metastasis-free rates were 44.5% and 25.6% respectively. The most significant factors influencing survival and local control rates were the size and the involvement of the capsule of the lymph nodes. The size of the lymph node was the only influencing fastor for distant-metastasis-free survival. Distant metastasis was the most frequent factor of treatment failure (48.9%) followed by recurrence of neck mass (14.4%). The authors considered that the salvage surgery is an effective method in improving the survival rate. The reradiotherapy after surgery or/ and adjuvant chemotherapy is a new area for further investigation.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
Regulation of gap junction intercellular communication by pH in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells.
Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) may be related to coordinating the function of osteoblasts during bone mineralization. Since an alkaline pH supports mineral deposition while an acidic pH promotes mineral dissolution, it was investigated whether GJIC is altered by changes in extracellular pH (pHo) Functional GJIC was assessed by fluorescent dye transfer after microinjection, and connexin protein abundance was examined by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting in MC3T3-E1 cells, a model of osteoblast-like cells. The percent of cells coupled by GJIC was found to be 40.7% (24 of 59 injected cells) at pH 6.9, 72.2% (26 of 36) at pH 7.2, and 92.8% (26 of 28) at pH 7.6. A decrease in GJIC was detectable by 30-60 minutes of exposure to a pHo of 6.9. Decreased gap junction communication was also found in cells after 3, 8, and 24 h of incubation in a bicarbonate-CO2 system at an ambient pH of 6.9. Connexin protein abundance experiments showed that at after exposure to a pH of 6.9 for 2.75 h, the specific band(s) at 41-43 kD were fainter compared with these same band(s) at pH 7.2 and 7.6. There was no significant difference in band densities at pH 7.2 and 7.6. Determination of intracellular pH (pHi) showed that it was similar to pHo after 2.75 h of incubation at each ambient pH. When pHi was clamped at 6.9 or 7.2, there was a time-dependent decrease in the gap junction coupling frequency at a pHi of 6.9 when pHo was 7.2. Steady-state mRNA levels were decreased at pHo 6.9 but were unchanged at either pHo 7.2 or 7.6. Our conclusions are that (1) longer incubations ( > or = 2.75 h) at low pHo decrease GJIC which in part may be due to a decrease in connexin protein abundance perhaps as a result of a decrease in connexin steady-state mRNA expression; (2) GJIC inhibition or augmentation found at low and high pHo, respectively, suggests that gating of the GJ channel by pH may also occur; (3) pho-induced alterations in GJIC in the MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic model are related to concomitant changes in pHi.
3T3 Cells↗
CNS distribution and overexpression of neurofilament light proteins (NF-L) in mice transgenic for the human NF-L: aberrant accumulation in thalamic perikarya.
Light microscopic immunocytochemistry with monoclonal antibodies recognizing both murine and human light neurofilament proteins (mNF-L and hNF-L) or hNF-L only was used to examine the distribution of NF-L in the CNS of adult mice, normal or transgenic for the human gene. In normal mice, major fiber bundles were immunoreactive to the first antibody, with few exceptions such as the internal capsule, anterior commissure, and corpus callosum. Strong immunoreactivity was also present in the perikarya of motoneurons in the spinal cord and brainstem, as well as in other brainstem nuclei. Faint cell body staining was visible in layers II, III, and V of the parietal cortex and layers V and VI of the retrosplenial cingulate cortex. In transgenic mice, all forebrain as well as brainstem fiber tracts were intensely immunoreactive to both antibodies. Cell body staining was more intense than in normal mouse and involved additional forebrain and brainstem regions, including extended areas of cerebral cortex. Abnormal cell body labeling was particularly striking in several thalamic nuclei, where numerous darkly stained perikarya were considerably enlarged by accumulated immunoreactive material and exhibited eccentric and fragmented nuclei. At the electron microscopic level, these perikarya were filled with disarrayed filaments displacing all other organelles against the cytoplasmic membrane. Such aberrant accumulation of NF-L was presumably the result of an overexpression in selective subpopulations of CNS neurons. It was compatible with prolonged survival of the animal and could provide a new experimental model of neurodegenerative disease.
Animals↗
Abnormal perikaryal accumulation of neurofilament light protein in the brain of mice transgenic for the human protein: sequence of postnatal development.
Adult mice transgenic for the human form of neurofilament light protein display abnormal perikaryal immunoreactivity for this protein in many regions of the CNS and notably the thalamus. To determine the sequence of development of these anomalies, we have compared normal and transgenic mice of different postnatal ages (P0-P70), using immunocytochemistry with primary antibodies recognizing both murine and human sequence of neurofilament light protein (NR-4) or the human form only (DP5-1-12). In normal mouse brainstem, several nuclei displayed immunoreactive perikarya at P0. The number of these perikarya culminated at P10, followed by a general decrease, some nuclei having lost all perikaryal immunostaining in adults. In transgenic mouse brainstem, the distribution of perikaryal immunoreactivity already resembled at P0 that of P10 in normal mouse, and remained unchanged in adults. Differences between normal and transgenic mice were even more pronounced in the forebrain. Some nuclei of normal mouse basal forebrain that were weakly immunopositive at P10 or P20, but no longer in adults, were already labeled at P0 and remained so or became more intense at later stages in transgenic mice. In the thalamus of normal mouse, perikaryal labeling was faint, confined to a few nuclei, and detected only transiently at P10, whereas in transgenics, it was already observed in some nuclei at P0, increased in intensity and extended to other nuclei at P10, and persisted thereafter. Strongly immunoreactive, inflated perikarya with excentric nuclei were prominent in these thalamic nuclei at P20, and even larger in size at P70. In the cerebral cortex of normal mice, layers II-III and layer V of many cytoarchitectonic areas showed immunoreactive cell bodies at P10, a distribution which became gradually restricted to the parietal cortex in adults. In transgenic mice, immunopositive cortical cell bodies were first detected at P3, filled layers II-III of numerous cortical areas at P10, and then rapidly decreased in number to approach the adult pattern at P20. In the cortex as well as thalamus of P10 transgenic mice, differences between the patterns of cellular staining with clones NR4 and DP5-1-12 antibodies indicated that both the murine and human proteins were accumulated in these neurons. Thus, neurofilament light protein accumulation in the transgenic mouse brain generally involved neurons displaying perikaryal immunoreactivity for the protein at least at some point during normal postnatal development.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Animals↗
Phosphorylation and localization of Kss1, a MAP kinase of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae pheromone response pathway.
Kss1 protein kinase, and the homologous Fus3 kinase, are required for pheromone signal transduction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In MATa haploids exposed to alpha-factor, Kss1 was rapidly phosphorylated on both Thr183 and Tyr185, and both sites were required for Kss1 function in vivo. De novo protein synthesis was required for sustained pheromone-induced phosphorylation of Kss1. Catalytically inactive Kss1 mutants displayed alpha-factor-induced phosphorylation on both residues, even in kss1 delta cells; hence, autophosphorylation is not obligatory for these modifications. In kss1 delta fus3 delta double mutants, Kss1 phosphorylation was elevated even in the absence of pheromone; thus, cross-phosphorylation by Fus3 is not responsible for Kss1 activation. In contrast, pheromone-induced Kss1 phosphorylation was eliminated in mutants deficient in two other protein kinases, Ste11 and Ste7. A dominant hyperactive allele of STE11 caused a dramatic increase in the phosphorylation of Kss1, even in the absence of pheromone stimulation, but required Ste7 for this effect, suggesting an order of function: Ste11-->Ste7-->Kss1. When overproduced, Kss1 stimulated recovery from pheromone-imposed G1 arrest. Catalytic activity was essential for Kss1 function in signal transmission, but not for its recovery-promoting activity. Kss1 was found almost exclusively in the particulate material and its subcellular fractionation was unaffected by pheromone treatment. Indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated that Kss1 is concentrated in the nucleus and that its distribution is not altered detectably during signaling.
Amino Acid Sequence↗