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Biomedical subjects

D M Temple

Publications and source records attributed to D M Temple.

59 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of some bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory drugs on prostaglandin F2alpha-induced contraction of guinea-pig isolated trachea.

1. The bronchodilator drugs isoprenaline, salbutamol, theophylline and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) relaxed the guinea-pig isolated tracheal chain preparation dose-dependently and their potencies were compared by EC50 values. 2. The non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs flufenamate, mefenamate and phenylbutazone also relaxed the preparation dose-dependently, but were less potent than the sympathomimetic drugs and PGE1. 3. The contractile response to a submaximal concentration of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) was antagonized by flufenamate, mefenamate, phenylbutazone, aspirin, theophylline, isoprenaline, salbutamol and PGE1, at concentrations similar to or less than the clinical peak plasma levels in man. A relatively higher concentration of indomethacin was required. 4. The antagonism was relatively specific for PGF2alpha in the case of the fenamates, which did not cause comparable reductions in responses to equi-effective concentrations of histamine and carbachol. The other anti-inflammatory drugs, theophylline and the sympathomimetic drugs were less or non-specific. 5. The nature of the shifts in the long dose-response curve for PGF2alpha caused by increasing concentration levels of flufenamate indicates a dual competitive/non-competitive type of antagonism.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between serum inositol concentration and development of retinopathy of prematurity: a prospective study.

PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between the intake of sugar inositol, serum inositol levels, and ROP in three groups of low birthweight infants receiving feedings containing various concentrations of inositol. METHODS: Infants with a birthweight <1500 g, with severe lung disease, were eligible for the study when they began enteral feedings. Infant formulas contained three different inositol concentrations: 2500, 710, and 242 micromol/L. Serum inositol concentrations were averaged over specific time intervals. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the confounding effect of duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, birthweight, Apgar score, and serum inositol concentration on development of ROP. RESULTS: Infants receiving high inositol formula and with higher serum inositol concentrations at birth and after 30 days had a statistically significant lower incidence of severe ROP than those receiving the lower inositol formula and with lower serum concentrations (P<.05). The effective serum inositol concentration (EC90) associated with lesser disease was >215 micromol/L. By logistic regression, the odds of developing severe ROP were greater among infants with low serum inositol concentration (odds ratio=4.7, 95% confidence interval 0.90-24.8, P=.017). CONCLUSION: Inositol supplementation may help prevent the most severe form of ROP.

Dietary Carbohydrates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Survival and neutrophil kinetics in infants with severe group B streptococcal disease treated with gamma globulin.

To estimate the efficacy of intravenous gamma globulin adjunct therapy on the course of severe neonatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease, the hospital records of 67 confirmed cases of early-onset GBS sepsis associated with neutropenia were reviewed. Among the 33 infants who had received antibiotic agents without gamma globulin, 13 (39%) died. Among the 34 who had received antibiotic agents plus gamma globulin, 6 (18%) died (p < 0.05). Among 52 low birth weight infants, 5 (20%) of the 25 given gamma globulin died compared with 13 (48%) of the 27 not given gamma globulin (p < 0.03). Neutrophil counts rose more rapidly among survivors who received gamma globulin than among those who did not. This retrospective study suggests that intravenous gamma globulin adjunct therapy for neonatal GBS disease associated with neutropenia promotes a more rapid increase in neutrophil count and improves survival.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗