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Biomedical subjects

D M Moore

Publications and source records attributed to D M Moore.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Comparison of proliferation and cytopathogenicity of swine vesicular virus and coxsackievirus B5.

Sequential appearance of both swine vesicular disease virus and Coxsackievirus B5 antigens in a pig kidney cell line was studied by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. The replication cycle of each virus was approximately 3-4 h. Viral antigens were demonstrable in the cytoplasm 2 h after inoculation. A compact mass of fluorescence was seen when cells showed cytopathogenic effect at 5.5 h. After 3 h, a few viral particles, seen by electron microscopy, were in the cytoplasm. Morphological changes of cells occurred at the same time. Cytoplasmic crystalline arrays of virus were first detected at 7 h.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Foot-and-mouth disease virus immunogenic capsid protein VPT: N-terminal sequences and immunogenic peptides obtained by CNBr and tryptic cleavages.

The immunogenic capsid protein (VPT), circa 30 kiladaltons (kd), of foot-and-mouth disease virus was examined for (i) its ability to induce neutralizing antibody in guinea pigs after chemical modifications and CNBr or tryptic cleavages and (ii) N-terminal amino sequence homology across three virus types. The immunogenicity of VPT was inactivated by glutaraldehyde treatment, carboxymethylation and maleylation or citraconylation. However, de-citraconylation restored part of the lost activity. Cleavage of type A12 VPT with CNBr produced an immunogenic peptide of circa 13 kd. A slightly larger (ca. 16 kd) immunogenic doublet, VPTab, was obtained by tyrptic cleavage of VPT in the virion. Sequence homologies of circa 85% were found between the first 26 amino acids at the N-terminus of VP chains from virus types A12 strain 119 (A12), C3 Resende (C3R) and O1 Brugge (O1B).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1979

Experimental swine vesicular disease, pathology and immunofluorescence studies.

Two day old piglets were inoculated intravenously with 1 ml of swine vesicular disease virus UK-G 27-72 isolate. Using infectivity tests, immunofluorescent staining and gross and histopathological examination, pathogenesis of the infection was studied in tissue specimens collected daily from one through seven days postinoculation. Swine vesicular disease virus had a strong affinity for the epithelia of the tongue, snout, coronary band and lips, the myocardium and the lymphoid elements of the tonsil and the brain stem. The virus had the greatest affinity for the epithelium of the tongue. However, there was no evidence that the tongue was the initial replication site for swine vesicular disease virus. Prickle cells in the stratum spinosum appear to be the primary targets for the virus. The necrotic foci in the stratum spinosum appeared first, followed the next day by reticular degeneration and multilocular intraepidermal vesicular formation. In the digestive tract and most of the other visceral organs the short duration and sudden drop of the virus titres and the negative fluorescence and pathological findings suggest that these are not important sites for the replication of swine vesicular disease virus in this experiment. The virus was recovered from most of the central nervous tissue specimens. Although the piglets had significant central nervous system lesions, signs of impaired central nervous system function were not detected. However, subtle nervous signs could have been obscured by difficulties in locomotion resulting from severe lesions of the feet.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Pathogenesis of swine vesicular disease in pigs.

Pigs exposed to swine vesicular disease virus developed vesicular lesions by postinoculation day 2. Lesions first appeared on the coronary band and then on the dewclaw, tongue, snout, lips, and bulbs of the heels. The onset of viremia coincided with febrile response and the appearance of vesicles. Virus was isolated from the nasal discharge, esophageal-pharyngeal fluid, and feces as early as postinoculation day 1. Greater amounts of virus were isolated from samples collected during the first week of infection, and lesser amounts from samples collected during the second week. The appearance and the distribution of specific fluorescence in various tissues indicated that during the development of swine vesicular disease virus infection, the epithelial tissues were initially involved, followed by a generalized infection of lymph tissues, and subsequently, a primary viremia. Seroconversion was detectable as early as postinoculation day 4. A mild nonsuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis throughout the CNS was observed in both inoculated and contact-exposed pigs. The olfactory bulbs were most severely and were frequently affected, particularly in contact pigs. The most severe brain lesions were found in pigs 3 to 4 days after the onset of viremia; contact pigs showed more severe brain lesions than inoculated pigs. Microscopic changes were also found in the coronary band, snout, tongue, and heart.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Serum-prolactin in female infertility.

55 of 100 new female patients attending an infertility clinic had serum-prolactin concentrations greater than the upper limit of normal (360 mU/l). There was no significant correlation between serum-prolactin value and clinical features including age, duration of infertility, past reproduction, menstrual pattern, past use of oral contraception, or pregnancy-rate after treatment. The place of serum-prolactin estimations in the management of infertile women is unclear, particularly since the precision of currently available radioimmunoassays is questionable. The major value of serum-prolactin estimations lies in identifying those patients in whom further investigation for pituitary tumour is indicated both before treatment and during any ensuing pregnancy, and in selecting patients suitable for bromocriptine therapy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Effect of trypsin and chymotrypsin on the polypeptides of large and small plaque variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus: relationship to specific antigenicity and infectivity.

Large and small plaque variants of A12 foot-and-mouth disease virus were shown to have specific antigenic determinants. Large plaque virus antigenic specificity was destroyed by trypsin treatment, but the small plaque antigen was resistant despite cleavage of the trypsin-sensitive polypeptide. The cleavage of polypeptide VP3 by trypsin resulted in the formation of a new antigen not present on untreated virus. The effects of chymotrypsin and trypsin on the polypeptides of the plaque variants have been examined and related to changes in antigenicity, infectivity, and exposure of the polypeptides at the surface of the capsid. The results are discussed in relation to the orientation of the trypsin-sensitive polypeptide in the virus capsid.

Aphthovirus↗
PubMed1978

Bromocriptine in the treatment of secondary amenorrhoea and ovarian dysfunction in hyper- and normo-prolactinaemic patients.

The clinical use of bromocriptine (2.5 mg twice daily) was investigated in 40 women attending an infertility clinic and presenting with secondary amenorrhoea (18) or with ovarian dysfunction (22) which had failed to respond to anti-oestrogen therapy. Patients in each group were sub-divided into those with raised and those with normal prolactin levels, and re-examined at 3 and 12 months after the start of treatment. The results confirmed that bromocriptine is effective in the treatment of hyperprolactinaemic states whether there is amenorrhoea or not. Moreover, in cases of ovarian dysfunction as well as of amenorrhoea where the prolactin levels were within the normal range, there was evidence to suggest that bromocriptine can be associated with a return of ovulation, although the mechanism by which it might do so still needs evaluation.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1977

Characterization of three antigenic particles of swine vesicular disease virus.

Three distinct particles were isolated from cell culture harvests of swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) by sucrose and CsCl gradient centrifugation. Virions (148S), RNA-free empty capsids (81S), and a third particle (49S) also free of RNA showed immune reactivity with SVDV antiserum. The 81S and 49S particles had polypeptides typical of naturally occurring empty capsids. Injection of purified antigens into guinea pigs produced antisera which distinguished empty capsids from virions on immunodiffusion; the 49S antigen appeared similar to virions. Antisera produced to freshly prepared virus antigen grown in brains of baby mice distinguished SVDV from the serologically related Coxsackie B-5 virus but did not distinguish the individual S particle antigens. Partly purified virus preparations degraded to empty capsids when incubated in guinea pig serum. The possible origin of empty capsids and 49S particles and their relationship to antigenicity of virus preparations are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Association between gestational and environmental events and central nervous system function in 7-year-old children.

The prevalence of variables frequently associated with low birthweight was compared in samples of low-birthweight (LBW) infants and normal-birthweight infants (single births of the white race) drawn from the Boston component of the Collaborative Perinatal Research Project. Then the association between these exposure variables and central nervous system function at 7 years was examined in the LBW infants. Finally the interrelationships of the five variables having the strongest association with abnormal or suspect CNS function were examined with regard to their joint predictive utility. A high-risk subgroup (10%) of the total LBW group having a greater than 50:50 chance of falling into an adverse category at age 7 was identified by various combinations of the factors: gestational age of 33 weeks or less, premature rupture of membranes, low Apgar score, and respiratory distress. Small subgroups thus defined should receive special attention in follow-up, particularly in relation to the new regional perinatal care centers. They might also be selected for special study of the mechanisms of interference with central nervous system development. In a population of 7-year-old children with abnormal or suspect CNS function as defined by the protocol of this study, 80% will have a history of normal birthweight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Immune and antibody responses to an isolated capsid protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus.

The purified capsid proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3 of foot-and-mouth disease virus type A12 strain 119 emulsified with incomplete Freund's adjuvant were studied in swine and guinea pigs. Swine inoculated on days 0, 28, and 60 with 100-mug doses of VP3 were protected by day 82 against exposure to infected swine. Serums from animals inoculated with VP3 contained viral precipitating and neutralizing antibodies, but such serums recognized fewer viral antigenic determinants than did antiviral serums. Capsid proteins VP1 and VP2 did not produce detectable antiviral antibody in guinea pigs, and antiviral antibody responses in swine to a mixture of VP1, VP2, and VP3 were lower than the responses to VP3 alone. However, when swine were inoculated with VP1, VP2, and VP3 separately at different body sites, no interference with the response to VP3 was observed. Vaccine containing VP3 isolated from acetylethylenimine-treated virus appeared less protective for swine than vaccine containing VP3 from nontreated virus. Trypsinized virus, which contains the cleaved peptides VP3a and VP3b rather than intact VP3, produced approximately the same levels of antiviral antibody responses in guinea pigs as did virus. Conversely, an isolated mixture of VP3a and VP3b did not produce detectable antiviral antibody responses in guinea pigs. The VP3a-VP3b mixture did, however, sensitize guinea pigs to elicit such responses following reinoculation with a marginally effective dose of trypsinized virus.

Animals↗