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Biomedical subjects

D M Lawrence

Publications and source records attributed to D M Lawrence.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Influence of active encoding on tactile recognition memory for common objects.

Active tactile recognition memory for common objects is compared with passive touch. The recognition memory test occure after a delay between inspection and test of seven days. Three groups of five each have the following conditions and results: Group I manipulated objects at both inspection and test to obtain a recognition rate of 87.9%; Group II manipulated objects at inspection but not at test, i.e., passive touch, to produce a recognition rate of 80.7%; Group III manipulated objects at test but not at inspection to perform at a 72.5% accuracy rate. Object manipulation had a significant effect and the group means were all significantly different (p less than or equal to .05), with the largest performance decrement due to passive touch at encoding. Generally, the findings implicated the importance of object identity in tactile recognition memory which, in turn, is supportive of the depth-of-processing approach to memory.

Discrimination, Psychological↗
PubMed1978

Cross-modal utilization of information: recognition memory for environmental stimuli.

In a study of cross-modal recognition memory for vision and audition photographs were matched for meaningful content with naturalistic sounds. Fifteen subjects inspected pictures and were tested with sounds and for 15 other the procedure was reversed. The two cross-modal groups were further divided into subgroups of 5 to test at one of three delays: immediate, 2 days, or 7 days. Accuracies for recognition of vision-audition for the respective retention intervals were 88.0%, 81.8%, and 75.4% and for audition-vision 87.9%, 85.1%, and 76.7%. Delay interval significantly affected cross-modal recognition. There was no interaction. Vision-audition recognition accuracy did not differ from audition-vision. The cross-modal recognition for both was high. Neither differed from a comparable intra-modal recognition memory for naturalistic sounds (Lawrence, 1974).

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed1977

Hypogonadal men treated with oral testosterone undecanoate.

Three hypogonadal male subjects with very low plasma testosterone levels were given testosterone undecanoate orally (120 mg daily for 3 weeks) as a replacement therapy. Normal adult male testosterone plasma values were rapidly reached and attained throughout the therapy. Similar elevations of plasma androstenedione were noted. A reduction in sex hormone binding globulin following the therapy was observed. Satisfactory clinical responses were reported by the patients. We thank Organon Laboratories Ltd. for supplying TU and financial help with this project.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Plasma testosterone and androstenedione levels during monitored induction of ovulation in infertile women with 'simple' amenorrhoea and with the polycystic ovary syndrome.

Twenty-seven infertile patients with 'simple' amenorrhoea-oligomenorrhoea and eighteen with the polycystic ovary (PCO) syndrome were treated for induction of ovulation with clomiphene, human menopausal gonadotrophin and human chorionic gonadotrophin. The treatment was monitored by plasma oestradiol, testosterone, androstenedione and progesterone estimation. Women with PCO had significantly higher plasma androgen levels than women with 'simple' amenorrhoea (P less than 0--1 to P less than 0-001) both before treatment and during induction of ovulation. When ovulation was induced the pregnancy rate for women with the PCO syndrome with elevated androgens was 21% while for those with uncomplicated amenorrhoea it was 75%. It is concluded that high levels of circulating androgens might be a factor preventing conception in some patients in whom ovulation is apparently successfully induced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Determinantion of testosterone concentration in semen of men with normal or subnormal sperm counts and after vasectomy.

Semen from 58 male subjects, aged 22 to 50, was assayed on an individual basis to determine whether T was present in it. Of the subjects examined 23 were normospermic, 14 oligospermic and 9 azoospermic; 12 men had undergone vasectomy were also included in the study. In 39 of the subjects plasma testosterone was estimated. A competitive protein binding technique was employed for T assays while dried extracts of semen were examined by combined gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry and mass fragmentography. Measurable amounts of T were detected in all seminal specimens assayed. This was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry which showed a spectrum suggestive of T. The ratio of unconjugated to conjugated steroid in semen was found to be approximately 1:10. Levels of unconjgated T were similar to those found in plasma of normally menstruating women. The mean seminal concentration of unconjugated T (+/-SD) in the specimens assayed was 0.71 ng/ml+/-0.08 for the normospermic, 0.79+/-0.14 for the ezoospermic, 0.69+/-0.09 for the oligospermic, but only 0.38+/-0.04 for the vasectomized subjects. Plasma levels for this androgen were within the range found in normal men of comparable age. Significant correlation between plasma and seminal T concentration could not be demonstrated and there was no correlation between either of the above parameters and the seminal volume, the number, abnormal form percentage and the motility of spermatozooa in the normo--or oligospermic group. However, when the two groups were pooled into one, significant correlations were found between plasma, (but not seminal T concentration) and the seminal characters examined, perhaps suggesting the number of specimens from the groups should be increased to obtain valid data. Administration of human chorionic gonadotropin produced a marked plasma response as well as a rise of seminal T levels in 3 normospermic subjects whereas cyproterone acetate caused reduction of plasm T levels but had no consistent effect on the seminal concentration of ts steroid although the sensitivity of the seminal method may not have detected smaller changes at this level.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Plasma testosterone and testosterone binding affinities in men with impotence, oligospermia, azoospermia, and hypogonadism.

Mean plasma testosterone levels (+/- S.D.), using Sephadex LH-20 and competitive protein binding, were 629 +/- 160 ng/100 ml for a group of 27 normal adult men, 650 +/- 205 ng/100 ml for 27 impotent men with normal secondary sex characteristics, 644 +/- 178 ng/100 ml for 20 men with oligospermia, and 563 +/- 125 ng/100 ml for 16 azoospermic men. None of these values differ significantly. For 21 men with clinical evidence of hypogonadism the mean plasma testosterone (+/- S.D.), at 177 +/- 122 ng/100 ml, differed significantly (P < 0.001) from that of the normal men.The mean testosterone binding affinities (as measured by the reciprocal of the quantity of plasma needed to bind 50% of (3)H-testosterone tracer) were similar for normal, impotent, and oligospermic men. Though lower for azoospermic men the difference was not significant (P >0.1). For 12 of the 16 hypogonadal males the testosterone binding affinity was normal, but raised binding affinities, similar to those found in normal adult females or prepubertal boys (about twice normal adult male levels), were found in four cases of delayed puberty. These findings help to explain why androgen therapy is usually useless in the treatment of impotence.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Governance challenges for managed care organizations. Interview by Ann C. Bartling.

When Healthcare Executive asked managed care organization CEOs and board chairs to identify governance challenges, they found the question so easy that it was difficult to limit their responses. while all the healthcare leaders interviewed pointed to the need to--and challenge of--staying ahead of the changes affecting the healthcare field, many identified challenges that were more specific to their organizations, markets, or patient population. Some also pointed out that while their challenges may be shared by hospitals and other provider organizations, there were aspects of each that were particularly relevant to managed care organizations, which often offer a variety of products in a number of different of markets.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-esteem, spiritual well-being, and intimacy: a comparison among couples using NFP and oral contraceptives.

The purpose of this study was to compare the intimacy, spiritual well being (SWB), and self-esteem of couples using natural family planning (NFP) with those couples using oral contraceptives (OCs). 22 couples who were using the Creighton Model Ovulation Method of NFP for 1 year to avoid pregnancy were matched with 22 couples who were using OCs for a least a 1-year period and administered a SWB, self-esteem, and intimacy inventory. Student t-tests were calculated to determine differences in the mean scores of the 3 inventories between the 2 groups. The results showed that the NFP couples had statistically higher self-esteem (T=3.15, p0.01), SWB (T=4.25. p0.001), and intellectual intimacy (T=2.53, p0.05) than the OC couples. There were no differences in emotional, social, recreational, and sexual intimacy between the groups. Although the results provide some evidence that NFP can enhance a couple's relationship, other factors such as a sampling bias and educational levels could explain the difference.

Americas↗