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Biomedical subjects

D M Fraser

Publications and source records attributed to D M Fraser.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

A study of the effect of general anesthetics on lipid-protein interactions in acetylcholine receptor enriched membranes from Torpedo nobiliana using nitroxide spin-labels.

Stearic acid, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylglycerol nitroxide spin-labels were used to probe the effect of 1-hexanol, urethane, diethyl ether, and ethanol on lipid-protein interactions in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAcChoR) rich membranes from Torpedo nobiliana. For stearic acid spin-labeled at the C-14 position of the sn-1 acyl chain, 1-hexanol induced little change (over a wide concentration range, 0-16.7 mM) in either the ESR line shape or the proportion of motionally restricted spectral component from labels probing the protein interface. The main effect of 1-hexanol was limited to an increase in the mobility of stearic acid spin-labels probing the non-protein-associated environment. In contrast, for C-14 phosphatidylcholine spin-label, 1-hexanol decreased the fraction of spin-labels motionally restricted at the protein interface from 0.33 without 1-hexanol to 0.20 with 16.7 mM 1-hexanol, with no change in the line shape of the spectral component of these labels. The ESR spectral line shape of the fluid component due to phosphatidylcholine labels in sites away from the protein interface displayed a gradual decrease in spectral anisotropy on addition of increasing amounts of 1-hexanol. At a concentration of 1-hexanol that desensitizes half the receptors, the fraction of motionally restricted phosphatidylcholine spin-label is reduced by approximately 15%. The effect of 1-hexanol on phosphatidylglycerol spin-labels was intermediate between these two cases. Similar effects were measured with other general anesthetics, including urethane, diethyl ether, and ethanol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1990

Home or hospital care for acute myocardial infarction? A survey of general practitioners' attitudes in the thrombolytic era.

This study examines the issue of whether to give home or hospital care to patients with suspected myocardial infarction now that the value of thrombolytic therapy has been recognized. A questionnaire survey of 69 general practitioners showed that the majority were aware of the potential benefits of thrombolysis although few thought that these extended beyond six hours after the onset of symptoms. Most would opt for hospital care for patients under the age of 70 years, but would treat older patients with uncomplicated myocardial infarctions at home, depriving them of the opportunity to receive thrombolysis. The admission policies of general practitioners for patients with suspected myocardial infarction merit reappraisal so that thrombolysis can be considered for all patients up to 24 hours after the onset of symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Survival after massive overdose of slow-release potassium.

Self-poisoning with potassium salts is uncommon but the consequences are often fatal. Previous reports describe death after ingestion of between 40 and 50 tablets of slow-release potassium but we report a patient who survived after taking approximately 100 tablets.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Left abomasal displacement and ulceration in an eight-week-old calf.

Left displacement of the abomasum was diagnosed radiographically in an 8-week-old female Friesian calf. At surgery, a 4 cm ulcer was repaired and an abomasopexy performed during closure of the abdomen. Recovery from surgery was slow, and regurgitation of rumen contents occurred. Despite medical treatment, the calf died 4 days later. Left abomasal displacement is a well documented disease of dairy cattle (Robertson 1968; Coppock 1974; Martin et al 1978a; Poulsen 1976), but in young calves the condition is rare (Dirksen 1981). This report describes a case of left abomasal displacement with ulceration in an 8-week-old female Friesian calf.

Abomasum↗
PubMed1986

Pneumonia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Acebutolol in the treatment of diabetic patients with hypertension.

A double-blind, parallel group comparison study was carried out in 20 diabetic patients with mild to moderate hypertension to assess the effectiveness and tolerance of acebutolol compared with placebo. After a 4-week wash-out period on placebo, patients received either 400 mg acebutolol or placebo once daily for 12 weeks and then placebo for a further 4 weeks. The results showed that acebutolol was more effective than placebo in lowering raised blood pressure in these patients. No deterioration in diabetic control occurred during the study and no significant side-effects of the drug were observed compared with placebo. In particular, the previously described side-effects of beta-blocker therapy in diabetic patients were not observed as a clinical problem in this study.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1985

Use of electroacupuncture as an analgestic for laparotomies in two dairy cows.

Electroacupuncture was used as the sole analgesic for standing laparotomies on 2 Friesian cows. Needles placed in the lumbosacral space, and second lumbar interspinous space and high in the lumbar fossa were stimulated with an AC current at 15 to 28 Hz. The analgesia produced was similar to that of a paralumbar nerve block.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Suspected ergotism in two heifers.

A syndrome similar to gangrenous ergotism was seen in 2 Friesian heifers grazing meadow hay containing perennial rye grass seed heads parasited by an ergot presumed to be Claviceps purpurea. Clinical signs were bilateral hind limb lameness and gangrene. There was angiographic evidence of vasoconstriction in the lower hind limbs with necrosis of all tissues in the distal region of both hind limbs.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Glycosylated hemoglobin and its temporal relationship to plasma glucose in non-insulin dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus.

Total glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAI) and random plasma glucose were measured at monthly intervals for 6 mo in 33 non-insulin dependent (type 2) diabetics. The mean HbAI and mean plasma glucose in individual patients over the 6 mo showed a close correlation (p less than 0.001). A significantly higher HbAI (p less than 0.001) for a given plasma glucose was seen in those patients receiving combined chlorpropamide and metformin therapy (n = 14) than in those receiving chlorpropamide alone (n = 19). For each patient correlation coefficients were calculated between plasma glucose and HbAI with time lags of 0.1 and 2 mo. The coefficients with no time lag showed a significant tendency to be positive (p less than 0.01) whereas those with time lags of 1 or 2 mo were not significant. A constant proportional variability of both HbAI and plasma glucose over time was demonstrated, the mean coefficient of variation for HbAI being 8.4 +/- 2.7% and for plasma glucose 22.3 +/- 9.7%. We conclude that HbAI provides an index of plasma glucose control, not during the preceding few months as was previously thought but, during the previous few weeks. In terms of variability from month to month a single HbAI determination was equivalent to approximately the mean of 3 single plasma glucose values.

Blood Glucose↗