Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D M Edwards.
A case of generalised short root anomaly is described. All permanent teeth had abnormally short roots, associated with microdontia, hypodontia and a dens invaginatus. Members of the patient's family were similarly affected.
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Antibiotic SB22484 is a novel member of the aurodox type antibiotic group produced in submerged-fermentation cultures of Streptomyces sp. NRRL 15496. The antibiotic complex is composed of two pairs of isomers with MW's of 752 and 766. The individual isomers, which were separated by preparative HPLC, equilibrate to a mixture of the isomer pair when left in aqueous solution. In vitro, SB22484 antibiotics strongly inhibited neisseriae and were also active against Streptococci, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Haemophilus influenzae.
The use of a direct liquid introduction type liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric interface to study highly thermally labile rifamycin antibiotics is described. Using negative ionization, abundant molecular ions were observed, and the spectra, also contained structurally significant fragments. Variation of the high-performance liquid chromatographic parameters did not change the spectra, thus making it easy to change chromatographic conditions. In quantitative studies, a surprising correlation was found, indicating that the mass spectrometric signal was proportional to the square of the sample concentration.
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Reported is a case of congenital epulis of the newborn occurring in the mandible and the maxilla. The masses were of such size as to cause respiratory and nursing difficulties. The theories of pathogenesis, the surgical treatment, the histologic appearance, and a 5-year follow-up are described. As with previous cases reported, there has been no recurrence.
A case of fracture of the zygomaticomaxillary complex with an associated defect of the infraorbital rim and orbital floor is discussed. Use of the lateral plate of the mandibular ramus to reconstruct the defect and advantages of this technique are discussed.
The pharmacokinetics of iododoxorubicin (I-DOX) have been studied after single dose administration in the rat (iv and po), dog (iv and po), and monkey (iv). Plasma levels and amounts in urine were monitored by HPLC for both I-DOX and its biologically active metabolite, iododoxorubicinol (I-DOXOL). Plasma levels of I-DOX after iv administration could be described by a three-exponential curve with extremely fast initial phase. Terminal elimination half-lives of I-DOX were similar, 6-7 hr, in all three species. Body weight-normalized clearance (CL) and distribution volumes (Vd) of I-DOX were lower in the dog, but were similar in rat and monkey. The pharmacokinetic parameters also implied metabolic differences between species. Mean I-DOXOL/I-DOX AUC ratios were 0.02, 0.47, and 0.58, respectively, in rat, dog, and monkey, values considerably lower than reported in human studies. I-DOXOL remained slightly longer in the body than I-DOX, as seen both from terminal half-lives (9-11 hr) and mean residence times. In all species, renal excretion was virtually negligible: the amount of I-DOX + I-DOXOL in urine was less than 2% of dose. Mean bioavailabilities of I-DOX were 0.23 and 0.46 in rat and dog, respectively, and, in the latter, about half of I-DOXOL formation occurred during or before the first pass.