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Biomedical subjects

D M Barnes

Publications and source records attributed to D M Barnes.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) in non-small cell lung cancer. Use of archival tissue and correlation of EGF-R with histology, tumour size, node status and survival.

A total of 152 non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) were studied retrospectively to determine the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) status and the histological type, tumour size, nodal status and prognosis. EGF-R status was assessed on routinely embedded paraffin sections with an antibody to the cytoplasmic domain of the tumour (F4 antibody). EGF was demonstrated in all tumour types and every squamous and large cell carcinoma was positive for the antibody. Most tumours showed heterogeneity of staining. EGF expression was seen statistically more frequently in well differentiated tumours. Patients with 50% or more tumour cells showing positivity tended to have an improved survival but this result failed to reach statistical significance. There was no relationship between the size of the primary tumour or the lymph node status. Other cells, such as mucinous glands, bronchial epithelial cells and macrophages stained positively with the monoclonal antibody. EGF receptor status, with the antibodies presently available, adds little to help in either diagnosis or prognosis. Interpretation of data has to be guarded since the antibody was seen in some normal cells.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1989

An immunohistochemical study of the presence of c-erbB-2 protein in Paget's disease of the nipple.

Tumours from 45 patients with Paget's disease of the nipple have been stained with antibody 21N which was raised against a peptide from the C-terminus of the predicted c-erbB-2 protein. Positive staining was observed in 41 cases (91%). In 42 cases the underlying mammary carcinoma was also available for study. In all but two cases staining was similar in the Paget's cells and the underlying carcinoma whether the latter was purely in situ ductal (35%) or in situ associated with infiltrating carcinoma (65%); the malignant cells in both components were large and pleomorphic and the in situ ductal carcinoma was of the comedo type. In the two exceptions the underlying carcinoma showed different histological features. The significance of the high levels of c-erbB-2 protein in this pattern of mammary carcinoma is considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Morphologic changes in the mammary gland of megestrol acetate-treated and untreated cats: a retrospective study.

Abnormal mammary gland growth is a side effect of progestin therapy in some cats. In this retrospective study, the nature and significance of morphologic changes in the mammary gland of 17 megestrol acetate (MA)-treated cats were compared to mammary lesions in 97 untreated cats. Fourteen out of 17 MA-treated cats had non-neoplastic mammary lesions including fibroepithelial hyperplasia (nine cats), lobular hyperplasia (three cats), and duct ectasia (two cats); whereas three MA-treated cats had mammary neoplasms including one adenoma and two carcinomas. Although MA has been causally linked to mammary cancer in cats, only mammary fibroepithelial hyperplasia was clearly associated with MA therapy in this study. Fibroepithelial hyperplasia occurred in older (average age 8.1 years) neutered male and female cats in the MA-treated group and in younger (average age 2.1 years) female cats in the untreated group. Morphologically, both intraductal and solid fibroepithelial growth patterns were seen. Intraductal fibroepithelial hyperplasia was further subdivided into papillary and circumferential types. An apparent greater association between MA therapy and the intraductal types of fibroepithelial hyperplasia was noted. Furthermore, it appears likely that mammary lobular hyperplasia also is linked to MA therapy. Possible mammatrophic effects of MA and other growth-promoting agents in the cat are discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of a specific DNA repair system and nitrosourea cytotoxicity in resistant human cancer cells.

In this report we present evidence which suggests that pretreatment of a highly nitrosourea-resistant human colon tumor cell line with non-cytotoxic doses of streptozotocin (STZ) prior to, or simultaneously with, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) exposure produces synergistic increases in cytotoxicity of several logs over the cytotoxicity produced by exposure to BCNU alone. STZ pretreatment or simultaneous treatment with BCNU allowed BCNU-induced DNA interstrand crosslinks to form in this cell line, in which BCNU alone did not induce DNA interstrand-crosslinks. Reversal of the schedule (i.e., STZ following BCNU) was less effective in producing synergistic cell kill or increased DNA interstrand crosslinking. Replacement of BCNU with fresh BCNU was not effective in producing increased cell kill and produced no observable interstrand crosslinking. Direct assays for guanine O6-DNA alkyltransferase activity confirmed that more than 75% inhibition of this important DNA repair system occurred following exposure to 2.5 mM STZ and that the inhibition was virtually complete when STZ pretreatment was combined with BCNU exposure.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1988

Expression of differentiation antigens within human mammary tumours is related to response to endocrine therapy and survival.

Human mammary tumours which are histologically well differentiated are more likely to synthesize receptors for estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) and to respond to systemic endocrine therapy. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between differentiation, receptors and endocrine responsiveness in more detail by relating the expression of putative differentiation antigens within tumours to ER, PR and response to treatment. Sections of the primary tumours of 160 patients with advanced evaluable breast cancer were immunostained with 2 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (HMFG1 and HMFG2) raised against putative differentiation antigens found on the membranes which surround the milk fat globule. Tumours were highly heterogeneous with respect to antigen expression. However, the number of cells which expressed the antigens was highly correlated with ER and PR concentrations and with response to endocrine therapy. In tumours where greater than or equal to 20% of cells expressed the antigen recognized by HMFG1, 73% responded to endocrine therapy; this was similar to the response predicted by ER (67%) and PR (73%). Expression of HMFG1 was correlated with survival from the start of endocrine therapy (p less than 0.0001) to the same degree as ER and PR. Patients with tumours which expressed ER, PR and HMFG1 had the highest response rate (87%) and survival (median 49 months); the response in tumours which expressed none of these phenotypes was 13% and the median survival of these patients was 9 months. These results suggest that cells which express differentiation antigens also express ER and PR. Differentiated cells within mammary tumours may therefore be the target cells for systemic hormone, and also the source of factors which control tumour growth.

Adult↗