Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Lutz.
Chromosomal and isoenzyme alteration of a human leukemia cell line, REH6, is shown during 80 subsequent passages. No correlation between these properties could be found.
Lymphoid cells isolated from lymph nodes, spleen and the peripheral blood were examined using the rosette test with sheep erythrocytes (E), immunofluorescent staining of the surface immunoglobulins (SmIg) and the combined test (SmIg + E). The studies were performed on 48 patients with untreated non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 14 Hodgkin patients, 5 patients with lymphadenitis and on 132 controls. In the control group the following percentages of B-T lymphocytes were obtained: blood (n = 100); T-68 +/- 9, B-20 +/- 6, 0-11 +/- 7, BT-1 +/- 1, lymph nodes (n = 24): T-62 +/- 13, B-19 +/- 11, 0-18 +/- 8, BT-1 +/- 1, spleens (n = 8): T-45 +/- 9, B-33 +/- 9, 0-23 +/- 7, BT-1 +/- 1. In non-Hodgkin lymphoma lymph nodes a statistically significant increase of B and 'null' cells was noted in comparison to controls and to the Hodgkin lymphoma group. The characteristics of the Hodgkin nodes did not differ significantly from controls. After arranging the non-Hodgkin lymphomas according to the Kiel classification it was observed that the low-grade malignant lymphomas subtype most often an immunological 'B type' and 'mixed B/0' type was present whereas the high-grade malignant lymphoma group showed a distinct majority of 'null' cells. It was concluded that the surface markers studied allow a differentiation in most cases between the non-Hodgkin lymphomas and other disorders of the lymphoid system. They are not sufficient to distinguish the subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphomas but do give interesting information about the more exact nature of the disorder.
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Whether and if so to what extent the microflora in human saliva and plaque metabolizes L sorbitol, a sugar exchange substance, was studied. The Warburg technique was used for this investigation. It was established that only traces of L sorbitol were present in the saliva and the plaque deposits. It may therefore be assumed that L sorbitol has an extremely low cariogenic effect.
11 pretreated patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease were treated according to the ABVD schedule. In 6 cases this treatment had to be prematurely terminated due to considerable side effects or due to progression of the disease. The other 6 cases responded favourably, but the improvement was only of short duration.
Through a hospital's three-phase program, inpatients learned about their medications and gradually accepted responsibility for self-administration of these medications, for developing their schedules, and for adhering to their regimens. A postdischare follow-up study showed that the program had substantially improved patient compliance with medication regimens.
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Density distribution patterns of normal and malignant lymphocytes were compared following centrifugation to equilibrium on linear density gradients. For normal lymphocytes differences in the distribution patterns were observed between: (1) B and T cells, (2) central and peripheral cells, and (3) resting and activated cells. The findings suggested that cell density is determined by cell lineage the degree of differentiation and the stage of functional activation. Marked differences in the density distribution profiles were also observed among certain types of morphologically distinguishable lymphoproliferations. To some extent density analyses enabled the discrimination between CLL, follicular lymphomas and lymphoblastic lymphomas as well as between O-ALL and T-ALL. Density profiles of malignant lymphocytes failed to disclose any features specific for malignancies. But they revealed some similarities with distinct subsets of normal lymphocytes, i.e. between: (1) CLL and bone marrow lymphoid cells, (2) follicular lymphomas and follicular centre cells, and (3) lymphoblastic lymphomas and activated lymphocytes. These findings are further evidence supporting the hypothesis that the malignant transformation of phenotypically different lymphoproliferations takes place at different levels of lymphocyte differentiation.
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Methotrexat (250-1100 mg/m2) was administered to 38 patients with malignant tumors by infusion of either 6 hours or of 75 minutes duration. MTX-infusion and continued at 3-6 hours interval for Citrovorum factor rescue was started 2 hours after 24 to 72 hours. 7 different MTX doses and rescue schedules were tested. It could be shown that MTX in the dose range used is effective in various tumors when CF-rescue is not higher than 7% of the administered MTX-dose, only occasionally therapeutic success was observed with higher doses. In the group of patients where CF-rescue was lower than 7% of the MTX dose on 9/14 patients objective tumor-regressions could be achieved. Conclusions drawn are discussed and the necessity of further investigations is emphasized.
46 ambulatory patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were treated with Prednimustine either continuously (daily or each other day 20 mg) or intermittently (daily 20 mg for 14 days, followed by a pause of 4 weeks). A good response was seen in 28 patients lasting up to 17 + months (mean 4,5 + months) after terminating therapy. Patients without prior chemotherapy have improved earlier and to a smaller amount of the total dose applicated. Signes of bone marrow toxicity (anaemia, thrombocytopenia) were observed in 8 cases, gastrointestinal side effects in 7 cases, cutaneous exanthema in 3 cases, and one patient exhibited a severe stomatitis after treatment. Prednimustine constitutes an effective drug for chronic lymphatic leukemia.
Two foci of histologically verified mycosis fungoides were found in the left parietal region of a 45-year-old man with involvement of the brain during an exacerbation of leukemia. There was perivascular and diffuse infiltration with lymphoma-like cells and occasional giant (Lutzner) cells but no involvement of the meninges. Both before and after operation the CSF contained a few atypical lymphocytes and mononuclear cells, one of which showed ultrastructurally the deeply clefted nucleus of Sézary cells. Atypical cells were confirmed morphologically in the peripheral blood, as well as by cytochemical (beta-glucuronidase) and immunological (rosettes with SRBC) markers, after the postoperative leucocytosis had subsided. It is suggested that this CNS involvement during a leukemic conversion phase of mycosis fungoides is consistent with the Sézary syndrome.
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The effect of adriamycin on PHA-stimulated lymphocytes is dose-dependent. An adriamycin concentration of 0.2 mug/ml reduces blast transformation and RNA synthesis as well as cell proliferation (DNA-synthesis). The lower concnetration of 0,01 mug/ml, which can be found inpatients for several hours after i.v. application, results only in a transitional inhibition of uridine nucleolar labelling. This inhibition of uridine nucleolar labelling appears more rapidly after adriamycin addition than that of thymidine labelling. Lymphocytes preincubated with adriamycin are effected similarly to lymphocyte cultured in the continuous presence of adriamycin.
Methylation of spleen DNA was investigated in mice immunized with bovine serum albumin. At the time of the highest incorporation of deoxythymidine into DNA -24 hours after antigen application--there is an elevated DNA methylation rate as shown by the transfer of the methyl group of methionine to DNA cytosine as well as by the conversion of DNA cytosine to DNA 5-methyl-cytosine. There is no difference in the methylation rate between bulk DNA and satellite DNA.
Rifamycins and distamycins were assayed in vitro for their effects on the activity of a reverse transcriptase derived from the plasma of a patient with breast cancer. The inhibitory effect observed was compared with that of a human placental substance with a molecular weight of approximately 10 000. The latter substance is apparently also capable of affecting reverse transcriptase activity in vitro.