Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Lurie

Publications and source records attributed to D Lurie.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of swim-up, Percoll and Sephadex sperm separation methods on the hypo-osmotic swelling test.

The separation of spermatozoa from the seminal plasma is required to prepare the spermatozoa for intrauterine insemination, in-vitro fertilization and sex selection. This study evaluated the effects of sperm preparation techniques on the functional integrity of the sperm membrane, as measured by the hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOS). Thirty-four semen specimens obtained from the male partner of infertile couples were evaluated. A semen analysis and HOS test were performed on each specimen. The remainder of the specimen was divided into three equal aliquots, the first prepared using Percoll, the second using a swim-up method and the third using a Sephadex column. After the preparation, a semen analysis and HOS test was performed on each aliquot. The mean and standard deviation for the HOS test was 72.9 +/- 8.5% initially, 71.2 +/- 13.1 after Percoll, 75.2 +/- 15.1 after swim-up and 62.4 +/- 14.5 after Sephadex. Analysis of variance showed that the mean HOS score was the same after Percoll and swim-up as it was initially but significantly lower after preparation with Sephadex. There was also a higher proportion of abnormal semen specimens (HOS less than 50%) after preparation with Sephadex than after the other preparation methods. We recommend the use of the HOS test as part of a screening panel for sperm separation.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1992

An evaluation of couples with failure of fertilization in vitro.

Attempts at in-vitro fertilization (IVF) may be used as a method of evaluating whether in a given couple, the inability of the sperm to fertilize the oocyte may be the cause of infertility. We evaluated all IVF patients in our practice who had at least one cycle with no fertilization to determine how often this was an isolated event or was repeated in multiple cycles; would poor semen quality be found as a frequent cause; and how well can a donor sperm or oocyte 'probe' uncover which of the two is the problem? Of 35 couples who used their own gametes exclusively, 30 (85.7%) had at least one cycle with zero fertilization; 42.5% of those failing to fertilize in cycle 1 and 35% of those failing in cycle 2 had a subnormal concentration of motile spermatozoa, morphology or hypo-osmotic swelling test scores. The pregnancy rate per cycle with both husband's and wife's gametes was only 2.3% (3/130), but was 8.3% for those using donor spermatozoa (3/36) and 18.2% (2/11) for donor oocytes. Thus, failing to fertilize in a given cycle does not necessarily predict failure to fertilize in a subsequent cycle, but does predict a poor fertility outcome unless donor gametes are used.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Analysis of serum human chorionic gonadotrophin levels in normal singleton, multiple and abnormal pregnancies.

Some researchers claim that first trimester beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta HCG) levels have a constant doubling time; others suggest doubling time increases as pregnancy progresses. This study was designed to settle the debate by analysing a large series of serial serum beta HCG determinations from 143 pregnant women whose day of ovulation was precisely determined. Regression analysis was used to evaluate linear and quadratic models for the relationship of HCG with time in normal pregnancies. Doubling times were calculated for three time periods: 10-20 days post-ovulation (period 1); 21-30 days post-ovulation (period 2); greater than 30 days post-ovulation (period 3). Analysis of variance was used to compare the mean doubling time by time period and type of pregnancy (single, multiple, spontaneous abortion and ectopic). The analysis showed that a quadratic model best described the pattern of HCG rise in early normal pregnancy. Furthermore, for normal pregnancies, the mean doubling time increased significantly with advancing gestational age between time periods 1 and 2 and between periods 2 and 3. The mean doubling time was the same for single and multiple pregnancies. The doubling time was prolonged with ectopic pregnancy in period 1; and for aborters reaching ultrasound at 8 weeks, the doubling time was normal in period 1 but prolonged in period 2. Careful observation of the doubling time may aid clinicians in the detection of abnormal pregnancies.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1992

Effect of the short follicular phase on subsequent conception.

The present study was designed to evaluate whether there is a lower pregnancy rate in women with short follicular phases, as defined by attaining the peak estradiol level before day 11 of the cycle. Thirty-two early ovulators with mature follicles were matched with 32 women being treated for similar infertility problems, who ovulated between days 12-20. Pregnancies were achieved by 9 (28.1%) of the early ovulators compared to 19 (59.4%) of the controls. The mean number of cycles required to achieve a pregnancy was 8.6 in the early ovulators compared to 6.4 in the controls. Using the clinical life table method, the 12-month pregnancy rate was estimated to be 31.4% for early ovulators as compared to 66.3% for controls. Whether lengthening the follicular phase by drug treatment will improve pregnancy rates remains to be seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of first trimester serum estradiol levels in aborters versus nonaborters during maintenance of normal progesterone levels.

This study was designed to measure the average serum estradiol (E2) levels in the first trimester for women whose serum progesterone (P) levels were carefully maintained at normal levels by the use of exogenous P, and to compare the mean serum E2 levels in women who aborted with those in women who did not. The study group consisted of 94 pregnant women supported with exogenous natural P therapy from the luteal phase through the first trimester. Beginning at week 5, and continuing through the first trimester, the mean serum E2 levels for nonaborters were significantly higher than those for aborters.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1992

The effect of follicle-maturing drugs on mid-cycle androgen levels in women with normal baseline levels.

Theoretically, clomiphene citrate or human menopausal gonadotropins might have a higher chance of inducing pregnancy per cycle were it not for the concomitant rise in androgens induced by these follicle-maturing drugs. In the present study, mid-cycle androgen levels were evaluated in anovulatory women with normal baseline early follicular levels who were treated with either clomiphene citrate or human menopausal gonadotropins. The only mid-cycle androgen to rise above the normal range was androstenedione. However, no negative effects of elevated androstenedione levels on pregnancy rates were apparent. Thus, at least in women with normal baseline androgen levels, the use of follicle-maturing drugs does not appear to cause a rise in androgen levels except for androstenedione, and the rise in androstenedione at mid-cycle appears to have no adverse effect on conception.

Androgens↗
PubMed1985

Severe deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin associated with cutaneous vasculitis, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, and colitis.

The association of vasculitis with severe deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin is rare. This report describes a 44-year-old man with severe deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin associated with diffuse vasculitis involving skin, kidney (rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis), and colon (colitis). Colitis has not previously been reported in association with deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin. Other reported cases are reviewed and the possible immunologic mechanisms underlying the association are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Fibromuscular dysplasia of the extracranial carotid arteries. Case reports.

Seven cases of fibromuscular dysplasia of the carotid artery are presented. Six of these patients presented with transient or fixed neurological deficit and 1 with intracranial haemorrhage. The uncertainty about the natural history of this condition is highlighted, and guidelines to the management of symptomatic patients as well as the more controversial incidentally diagnosed asymptomatic patient are outlined. A novel form of intra-operative use of a Grunzig balloon dilatation catheter in the management of fibromuscular dysplasia is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Increased synthesis of prostaglandin-E-like material by platelets from patients with diabetes mellitus.

We studied the effects of ADP, epinephrine, collagen and arachidonic acid on platelet production of immunoreactive prostaglandin-E-like material and aggregation in 17 subjects with diabetes mellitus and 21 matched controls. Plateletrich plasma obtained from patients synthesized significantly (P less than 0.05) greater quantities of the prostaglandin-E-like material after exposure to 1 muM ADP, 1, 2 and 5 muM epinephrine and 1 microgram per milliliter of collagen than platelet-rich plasma obtained from controls. That obtained from the diabetic patients was significantly more sensitive (P less than 0.001) to the aggregating effects of the prostaglandin precursor, arachidonic acid, in vitro as compared to controls. Diabetic platelet-rich plasma metabolized arachidonic acid (0.5 mM) to immunoreactive prostaglandin-E-like material at a significantly greater rate (P less than 0.05) and extent (P less than 0.001) than that of controls. Thus, platelets obtained from diabetic patients possess increased activity of the prostaglandin synthetase system, and this characteristic may be related to the increased platelet aggregation associated with the disease.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1977

The relationship between the metacarpal index and the rate of mandibular ridge resorption.

This study tried to determine whether a relationship exists between the degree of alveolar resorption of the edentulous mandible and the degree of osteoporosis, as expressed by the metacarpal index. Eighty patients were examined. Each had a radiograph of the left hand to show the second metacarpal, and a standard pan-oral radiograph. A morphological measurement of the metacarpal bone, which is a good indication of the mineral content of the skeleton, was made on each hand radiograph. Alveolar resorption was estimated on the pan-oral radiograph by taking the original height of the alveolar process as being three times the distance from the inferior border of the madible to the inferior edge of the mental foramen. The regression analysis revealed no relationship between osteoporosis, as measured by the metacarpal index, and the amount of alveolar bone resorption.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Thymectomy in the adult mouse: a new approach.

Adult mice were thymectomized using a retrosternal approach. The sternothyroid muscle was divided, the sternum was elevated, and the lobes of the thymus were removed by aspiration. The technique was used to thymectomize about 300 mice of several strains. The incidence of thymic remnants was less than 1% and losses from surgery were less than 10%.

Animals↗