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Biomedical subjects

D Lindsay

Publications and source records attributed to D Lindsay.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Perception of pitch movement on tonic syllables in British English.

A set of intonation contours has been synthesized using "yes" as the carrier word. Discrimination and identification functions have been obtained for these intonation contours. It was found that the stimuli could be classified as "statement," "question," "emphatic statement," and, possibly, "hesitation" and "weak statement." Predicted discrimination functions were calculated from the identification functions, and these were found to be positively correlated with the obtained discrimination functions. This provides evidence for category boundary effects in the perception of intonation.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

The excretion of campylobacter, salmonellae and Giardia lamblia in the faeces of stray dogs.

Faecal samples were collected from impounded stray dogs, classified as under or over six months of age, on their arrival in kennels and again 5-7 days later. The faeces were examined for the presence of campylobacters, salmonella and Giardia lamblia. No significant difference was found in the rate of isolation of these organisms between the two age groups. There was, however, a significant increase in the rate of isolation at days 5-7 compared with day 1. It is suggested that while dogs may acquire campylobacter infection in kennels, excretion of the organism may be intermittent and may be precipitated by stress. A low incidence of salmonellae and Giardia lamblia excretion was detected.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Diagnosis and clinical assessment of asthma.

A clinical diagnosis of asthma presents little difficulty but lung function should be measured to confirm the diagnosis. Provocation tests are useful. The error made most frequently by both doctors and patients is to underestimate the severity of asthma: lung function measurements keep errors to a minimum.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Domiciliary oxygen therapy.

Patients with severe chronic air flow limitation due to bronchitis and emphysema may extend their duration of life and improve its quality with low flow oxygen therapy. It is expensive; careful selection of patients is essential.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Distribution of hexoestrol residues in caponised chickens.

A radioimmunoassay method is described for the detection and measurement of residues of hexoestrol and other stilbenes in tissues of poultry. The residues following caponisation with 12 mg hexoestrol were measured in leg muscle, liver, visceral fat and neck 44 days after implantation. They were significantly greater than values obtained from eight untreated control birds. The mean values obtained in the caponised chickens ranged from 471 pg/g net weight of leg muscle to 584,500 pg/g of tissue from the upper neck region, which included the site of implantation. Control values in untreated birds fell within the range of 8 pg/g in leg muscle to 44 pg/g in liver tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Screening for alcohol problems among the unemployed.

Of 2,996 welfare recipients applying for CETA benefits at the Milwaukee office of Jewish Vocational Service between 3/1/78-9/30/78, a 10% sample (N = 309) was screened for assessment of alcohol problems. After obtaining voluntary informed consent from participants (6% declined), trained interviewers individually administered a 16-item alcoholism At-Risk Questionnaire (ARQ) based on observations by NCA's Criteria Committee; a standard form of the 25-item Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST); and a 35-item interview structured around a selectively modified version of NCA's Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism (CRIT). Analyses of data suggested that our ARQ was of little value in discriminating between problem drinkers and other persons, although significantly correlated with MAST and CRIT scores. Using a conventional scoring of the MAST, 53.6% of the sample appeared to have significant alcohol problems, while our CRIT identified only 31.9% as problem drinkers. By combining the MAST + CRIT in a unique scoring system, a more conservative estimate of 36.57% problem drinkers, with an estimated error rate of 1.63% false negatives and 23.45% false positives, was determined. Further modification of MAST + CRIT scoring led to a revised estimate of 25.41% problem drinkers with estimated false-positive and false-negative rates of 7.55% and 6.5% respectively. Implications for research and plans for further modifications of screening procedures are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

An evaluation of oral hexoprenaline sulphate (Ipradol) in exercise-induced asthma.

The effect of hexoprenaline sulphate (1 mg) administered orally on the fall in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) after exercise was investigated in 20 asthmatic patients. Compared with placebo, the fall in PEFR expressed as a percentage of the resting value (measured immediately before exercise) was less in 16 of the 20 patients in the presence of hexoprenaline sulphate. This consistent amelioration of exercise-induced asthma has not been observed in this laboratory with similar drugs (such as salbutamol and terbutaline). While eight patients were afforded significant protection by the hexoprenaline sulphate, a fall in PEFR after exercise was within the normal range (less than 10% of the resting value) in only four patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The early detection of airway obstruction.

To assess the sensitivity of tests for early, small airway obstruction, we selected 52 cigarette smokers with a ratio of 1-sec forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity greater than 70 per cent from a smoking cessation clinic. From these subjects, 29 of the 46 tested demonstrated frequency dependence of dynamic compliance, a finding arbitrarily defined as indicative of small airway obstruction in this group. Dynamic compliance was correlated with the British Medical Research Council questionnaire, routine pulmonary function tests, closing volume as a per cent of vital capacity, maximal expiratory flow-volume curves, and flow dependence of distribution of inhaled boluses of xenon-133 (finite difference Xe). Symptoms of respiratory disease, and abnormal flow-volume curves, specific conductances, and ratios of residual volume to total lung capacity were also present in some subjects, but they correlated very poorly with frequency dependence of dynamic compliance. On the other hand, finite difference Xe was abnormal in 85 per cent of cases with frequency dependence of compliance and closing volume was abnormal in 70 per cent. In 8 of 12 subjects restudied 2 months after they stopped smoking, dynamic compliance was less frequency dependent than before smoking cessation. Similar improvements were noted in finite difference Xe, but closing volume was unchanged. Although closing volume and dynamic compliance tended to be abnormal in the same subject, concordance was not excellent, and the effects of smoking cessation suggested that the 2 tests had different determinants.

Adult↗
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British Columbia↗