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Biomedical subjects

D Li

Publications and source records attributed to D Li.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[ACNU and methyl-CCNU in combination chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer: a randomized comparative study. Shanghai ACNU Collaborative Study Group].

The study was conducted to compare the efficacy between a combined chemotherapy of ACNU (Nimustine hydrochloride, brand name Nidran), a new nitrosourea agent, and a combined chemotherapy of methyl-CCNU for advanced gastric cancer. One hundred and three cases of advanced gastric cancer were randomly allocated into Group A (Me-CCNU, 5-Fu and ADM) and Group B (ACNU, 5-Fu and ADM). The results showed that in Group A there was no CR or PR, while in Group B, although no CR, there were 8 PR (8/64 cases), denoting the response rate of 0% in Group A and 17.4% in Group B. The median survival period in Group A was 108 days and in Group B 112 days. Both groups well tolerated the treatment and there were no serious adverse effects. Quality of life (QOL) was better in Group B than in Group A. It is concluded that ACNU combination is superior to Me-CCNU combination for advanced gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[Intracavitary microwave hyperthermia combined with external irradiation in the treatment of esophageal cancer].

A randomized trial of intracavitary microwave hyperthermia combined with external irradiation (R + H) versus radiation (R) alone in the treatment of esophageal cancer was performed from Feb. 1986 to Feb. 1988. In the R group, radiation was given by 8 MV X-ray with 2 Gy/fraction, 5 fractions per week with a total dose of 60 Gy/6 weeks. In the R + H group, the radiation was given as R group but with a total dose of 40 Gy/4 weeks. Intracavitary 915 MHz microwave hyperthermia was given with a nominal temperature of 43.5 degrees C at the margin of the tumor surface, 45 minutes/session, 1-2 sessions/week for 4-8 sessions. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates in R + H group were 81.2% (48/59 cases), 42.4% (25/59) and 23.7% (14/59), while in the R group 59.0% (39/66 cases), 24.2% (16/66) and 16.7% (11/66) respectively. The differences in 1- and 3-year survival rates were statistically significant (P < 0.05) between the 2 groups. Using the thermal dose T90 analysis, after the cases with T90 < 43 degrees C (insufficient thermal dose) were eliminated, 52 cases with T90 equal to or higher than 43 degrees C had 1, 3, and 5 year survival rates of 84.6%, 44.2% and 26.9%, respectively. Statistically significant differences in the 2 groups were also limited only to 1- and 3-year survivals. Higher 5-year survivals is anticipated if more cases are studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Lipid peroxidation-induced putative malondialdehyde-DNA adducts in human breast tissues.

The etiology of the majority of human breast cancers is unknown; however, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation have been suggested to play a role in breast carcinogenesis. To address this possibility, DNA adducts induced by malondialdehyde (MDA), an end product of lipid peroxidation, were analyzed in surgical specimens of normal breast tissues of 51 breast cancer patients using the nuclease P1-enhanced version of the 32P-postlabeling assay. Normal breast tissue samples from 28 noncancer patients receiving reduction mammoplasty served as controls. Two previously characterized putative MDA-deoxyadenosine (dA) and one MDA-deoxyguanosine adduct were detected in all tissue samples examined. Normal breast tissues from cancer patients exhibited significantly higher levels of the putative MDA adducts [median (42.5) and range (2.2-202.8) of relative adduct labeling x 10(9) values] than those found in noncancer controls (median, 15.67; range, 2.4-382.1; P = 0.0001, Mann-Whitney U test). Ten of the 51 cancer patients and 1 of the 28 controls were found to contain the putative MDA adducts at the level of > 1/10(7) nucleotides, a frequency comparable to that found in human liver. Age and body mass did not significantly influence the levels of these adducts. However, the presence of a previously detected benzo(a)pyrene-like DNA adduct in the breast tissues was associated with higher levels of the putative MDA-dA adducts in cancer patients (P = 0.012). The level of the putative MDA-dA adducts was significantly lower in smokers and former smokers compared to nonsmokers among cases after adjusting for age, body mass index, and status of the benzo(a)pyrene-like adduct (P = 0.009). Tumor tissues (n = 11) displayed significantly lower levels of the putative MDA adducts (median, 10.2; range, 5.3-20.6) than their corresponding normal adjacent tissues (median, 25.5; range, 10.5-138; P < 0.01). These findings provide evidence that lipid peroxidation products can accumulate in human breast tissues and reach relatively high levels in the breast tissues of women with breast cancer. There seems to be an interaction between these endogenous DNA modifications and carcinogen exposure-induced DNA adducts. Detection and quantitation of the putative MDA-DNA adducts may potentially be a useful tool in the understanding of breast cancer etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Effect of alpha-tocopherol on LDL oxidation and glycation: in vitro and in vivo studies.

Much data support a role for both low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and glycation in atherogenesis. While alpha-tocopherol decreases the oxidative susceptibility of LDL, its role in decreasing LDL glycation is unclear. Hence we tested the effect of alpha-tocopherol both in vitro and in vivo on LDL oxidation and glycation. LDL was isolated after enrichment of plasma with alpha-tocopherol. This resulted in a 2-fold increase in alpha-tocopherol in LDL (AT-LDL). During a 6-day incubation of control LDL (C-LDL) and AT-LDL with 25 mM glucose, there were no significant differences in the degree of glycation on days 1, 3, and 6. Also, apoB advanced glycosylation end product levels were not significantly different between C-LDL and AT-LDL. There was a progressive increase in the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation with increasing LDL glycation as evidenced by reduced lag time of copper-catalyzed LDL oxidation. However, AT-LDL was more resistant to copper-catalyzed oxidation. Similar findings were observed when the LDLs were incubated with endothelial cells. The data from the alpha-tocopherol supplementation study confirmed our in vitro findings that alpha-tocopherol significantly decreases oxidative susceptibility of LDL, but does not affect its glycation. Therefore, while glycation increases LDL oxidative susceptibility, alpha-tocopherol decreases the oxidation of glycated LDL but not LDL glycation.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1996

Effects of selective head cooling on brain cell membrane activity during postischemic reperfusion.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of selective head cooling (SHC) on brain cell membrane activity involving ATPase, phospholipase A2, content of total membrane phospholipids during postischemic reperfusion, so as to elucidate the possible underlying mechanism on resuscitating effect of SHC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Complete cerebral ischemia (CCI) was induced by the four-vessel model. 56 New Zealand rabbits were allocated randomly into two groups, non-ischemic control group had 30, 180 and 360 minutes reperfusion after CCI (n = 8); and SHC group with the same ischemic-reperfusion insult were all treated with SHC (28 degrees C, surface cooling method). Changes of Na+, K(+)-ATPase, Ca2+, Mg(2+)-ATPase, phospholipase A2, total phospholipids of brain cell membrane were observed. Comparison of data between two groups was made by Students' t test. RESULTS: Compared with non-ischemic controls following 30 minutes CCI, activities of Na+, K(+)-ATPase stepwisely decreased at 30, 180 and 360 minutes, Ca2+, Mg(2+)-ATPase dropped at 180 and 360 minutes, phospholipidase A2 increased markedly at 30, 180, 360 minutes, and total phospholipids decreased at 180 and 360 minutes reperfusion (P < 0.01). Selective head cooling inhibited all the above changes significantly (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that selective head cooling initiated soon after reperfusion is beneficial for brain cell membrane function recruitment, which provides favourable effects on the damaged but still remediable brain cells for their resuscitation.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[The obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer pregnancy].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) pregnancy. METHOD: This study compared the obstetric outcomes of 20 cases of IVF-ET pregnancy with that of 8210 deliveries at the same period in our hospital. RESULTS: There were 45% (9/ 20) preterm birth, 50% (10/20) multiple pregnancy, 55% (11/20) pregnancy induced hypertension, 30% (6/20) placenta previa and 85% (17/20) cesarean section in group of IVF-ET pregnancy. CONCLUSION: The incidences of preterm birth, multiple pregnancy, pregnancy induced hypertension or placenta previa were significantly higher in IVF-ET pregnancy.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1996

[The relationship between selenium and immunity in large bowel cancer].

44 patients with large bowel cancer were randomly divided into two groups, therapeutic and control group. The level of serum selenium, T lymphocyte subsets consisted of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/ CD8, NK and LAK cell activity were measured preoperation and postoperation. Simultaneously se content in tumor and normal tissue of the large bowel were measured in 35 cases. Serum se level (0.81 +/- 0.14 umol/L) was lowered in patients with large bowel cancer and increased significantly after se supplementation in the therapeutic group (P < 0.01). It was significantly different from that of the control group (P < 0.01), CD3, CD4, CD4/CD8, NK and LAK cell activity were obviously increased postoperatively in the therapeutic group and significantly different from those of the control group. The results suggest that supplement of Se can promote cell-mediated immunity in humans. In addition, Se can promote cell-mediated immunity in humans. The Se level of 22. 13 +/- 1.76 umol/g in tumor was significantly lower than that of 24.30 +/- 1.96 umol/g in normalmucosa in case of large bowel cancer (P < 0.01). This indicates that there may be a close relationship between low se level and the carcinogenesis of the colon and rectum.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Changes of serum interleukin 2 and soluble interleukin 2 receptor and their clinical significance in multiple myeloma].

Serum interleukin 2 (IL-2) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) were serially determined in 44 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum IL-2 and sIL-2R levels of 24 cases in stage I and II were not different from those in normal individuals. However, serum IL-2 level of 20 cases in stage III was significantly lower than that of normal individuals and of MM patients in stage I and II, while the serum sIL-2R level was significantly increased. The changes in serum IL-2 and sIL-2R level could reflect the severity of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[An immunohistochemical study on human leucocyte antigen-DR in Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves disease].

By using anti-human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR antibodies with the help of avidin-biotin complex immunohistochemical method, the authors studied the number and distribution of HLA-DR positive thyroid cells in thyroid glands from sixteen patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis, fourteen patients with Graves disease, and six controls. The correlation between the degree of thyroid cells HLA-DR expression and the values of serum thyroglobulin antibodies and thyroid peroxidase antibodies determined with radioimmunoassay was also analyzed in order to find the relation of aberrant HLA-DR expression on thyroid cells with thyroid autoimmune reaction. Normal thyroid cells did not express HLA-DR antigens, but HLA-DR antigens were often found in some thyroid cells from patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis or with Graves disease. The number of HLA-DR positive thyroid cells was significantly greater in Hashimoto thyroiditis than in Graves disease. HLA-DR positive thyroid cells were localized in areas harbouring infiltrating lymphocytes. The degree of thyroid HLA-DR expression correlated closely with the values of serum thyroglobulin antibodies and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves disease. These results suggest that infiltrating lymphocytes may facilitate HLA-DR expression on thyrocytes. The occurrence of serum thyroglobulin antibodies and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves disease may have a close relationship with aberrant HLA-DR expression by thyrocytes which were apt to be damaged by autoimmune attack.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Influences of taurine on thrombolysis].

In order to investigate the influences of taurine on thrombolysis serum endothelin (ET) concentration was determined in patients with acute myocardial infarcation (AMI) without urokinase (UK) treatment (group 1) and after treatment with UK (group 2) or UK combined with taurine (group 3). In a rat model with abdominal aorta thrombosed by FeCl3, the changes of serum ET, malodialdehyde (MDA) and intravascular thrombosis were observed in three groups same as in patients. The results were as follows: (1) Serum ET levels of group 1 patients at early phase of onset (6 hours) were significantly higher than those of the controls (47.3 +/- 6.3 ng/L vs 20.4 +/- 9.7 ng/L, P < 0.001). After two days serum ET decreased to normal level. Serum ET levels were significantly higher from 6 to 10 hours after the onset of AMI in group 2 than in group 1 (70.8 +/- 6.6 ng/L vs 56.9 +/- 8.6 ng/L, P < 0.01, at 8 hours). Serum ET levels were significantly lower from 8 hours to a week after onset of AMI in group 3 than in group 2 (33.3 +/- 8.2 ng/L vs 70.8 +/- 6.6 ng/L, P < 0.01, at 8 hours). (2) In the rat model with thrombosis of abdominal aorta, the changes of serum ET were similar to those of AMI patients. In addition serum MDA levels were significantly decreased (20.85 +/- 3.05 mumol/L vs 25.18 +/- 3.53 mumol/L after combined treatment with UK and taurine, P < 0.05). The ratio of cross area of vascular lumen and thrombus was lower after treatment with combination of UK and taurine than treatment with UK alone (0.4650 +/- 0.0928 vs 0.6176 +/- 0.1179, P < 0.05), the results suggested that taurine can decrease significantly serum ET levels, potentiate UK-induced vascular recanlization and reduce ischemia reperfusion injury. Taurine might be useful clinically as an adjunct of thrombolytic therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Acupuncture and cortical evoked potentials].

Research works for the effects of acupuncture on cortical evoked potentials were reviewed since 1970 in this article. As a result of the acupuncture anesthesia being applied widely in clinical operation, most of the studies were focused on the evoked potential of somatosensory cortex for elucidating the principle of the analgesic effect of acupuncture, while less observations were reported on the aspects of auditory and visual cortex. The amplitude of the evoked potential was often used as an index in assessing the excitability of the cerebral cortex in the studies of the effect of acupuncture in the past. An increase in the amplitude of evoked potential means an excitory process of the cortex and a decrease means depression. Based on their work, the authors consider that whether the change in the amplitude of cortical evoked potential could be served as an optional index in reflecting the excitability of the cortex is still a problem in neurophysiology remained for further investigation.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1996

[An experimental study on effects of arsenic on dental fluorosis in rats].

In order to study the effects of arsenic on fluorosis and interaction between arsenic and fluoride, nuclear proton microprobe technique and quantitative histological method were used to observe the distribution of arsenic and fluoride in teeth and their effects in rats fed with water containing arsenic (30 mg/L) and fluoride (100 mg/L). Results revealed (1) fluoride could cause dental fluorosis in rats, similar to that seen in human beings, and characteristics of fluorosis was evaluated by a grading system; (2) no detectable amount of arsenic was deposited in dentine, and no damage to teeth could be seen; (3) no obviously combined effects of arsenic and fluoride on dental tissues were seen, and the toxic effect of fluoride was not influenced by arsenic; and (4) a synergistically inhibitory effect of both arsenic and fluoride on body weight was found.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Establishment of human amnion cell mutagenesis system by using a shuttle vector pS189].

Using transient shuttle vector pS189, we established a subclone human amnion cell (FL) mutagenesis detection system, and we detected the mutation specificity of N-methy-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in this system. The spontaneous mutant frequency of target gene supF was 1.7 x 10(-5) and MNNG-induced mutant frequency was increased with dosage. The results from 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis, PCR, PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis showed that MNNG-induced 89% mutants were point mutants. These results indicated that this system can be used to detect and study the mutagenesis mechanism of potential mutagens.

Amnion↗
PubMed1996

[Orbital rim reconstruction with coral porous hydroxyapatite].

OBJECTIVE: To search for the effect and safety of coral porous hydroxyapatite (CHA) implanted material in orbital rim reconstruction. METHODS: 7 cases of orbital rim reconstruction were treated with CHA which is a plate form mass with an interconnected system of canals of approximately 200 microns in size. It has three types: 1.0 cm x 1.5 cm x 5.0 cm, 0.6 cm x 1.5 cm x 5.0 cm and 0.4 cm x 1.5 cm x 5.0 cm. According to the shape of a contralateral healthy orbit, a rubber putty model was made before the operation. An incision was designed at the upper 1/3 of the face for the elimination of wrinkles or a prolonged incision of lower lid bag plastic surgery was made. After the exposure of the defective part of the orbit, a correctly molded CHA tamponade was inserted. RESULTS: The orbital rim reconstruction in 7 cases with orbital defect was successfully treated with CHA. During a follow-up of 3-12 months (average 6.6 months), there was no extrusion or migration of implant. CONCLUSION CHA is a good material for substitution of bone graft and is much better than autogenous tissue of other artificial materials.

Adult↗