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Biomedical subjects

D Levine

Publications and source records attributed to D Levine.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Technical factors influencing sonographic visualization of fetal echogenic intracardiac foci.

PURPOSE: A fetal echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF) is most commonly a normal variant in a normal fetus, but owing to reports of an increased risk of aneuploidy with EIFs, the finding causes concern when noted on routine obstetric sonograms. This study was undertaken to determine which factors influence the sonographic visualization of fetal EIFs. METHODS: In part 1 of the study, records from 1,920 fetal sonographic examinations were reviewed for fetal age, indication for sonography, and abnormal findings. For all cases with EIFs recorded and 645 randomly selected cases with no record of EIFs, sonograms were reviewed for heart position at the time of the 4-chamber view, technologist performing the examination, fetal position, heart visibility, transducer frequency, machine type, amount of amniotic fluid, and presence/absence of an EIF. In part 2 of the study, machine settings were evaluated with respect to visualization of EIFs. RESULTS: In part 1 of the study, only the technologist performing the examination and the fetal position were associated with visualization of EIFs. In part 2 of the study, we found that the standard obstetric mode settings are better for visualization of EIFs than are the fetal echocardiographic mode settings. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that technical factors influence visualization of EIFs.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ovarian fibroma: findings by contrast-enhanced MRI.

Ovarian fibromas are solid neoplasms that are difficult to differentiate radiologically from uterine leiomyomas. In this report, we describe the contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging features of a 13-cm-diameter solid pelvic mass that allowed us to make the prospective diagnosis of ovarian fibroma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of 3.3-MHz ultrasound on caudal thigh muscle temperature in dogs.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the tissue-temperature changes that occur at various depths during 3.3-MHz ultrasound (US) treatments of the caudal thigh muscles in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, experimental study. ANIMALS: Ten mixed-breed research dogs. METHODS: Two US treatments, one at an intensity of 1.0 W/cm(2) and one at 1.5 W/cm2, were administered to the caudal thigh region of 10 adult male and female hound-type dogs weighing 20.5 to 25.0 kg. Needle thermistors were inserted in the caudal thigh muscles below the skin surface at depths of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 cm, directly under the US treatment area. Both intensities of US treatment were performed on each dog over a 10-cm2 area for 10 minutes using a sound head with an effective radiating area of 5 cm2. Treatments were administered in random order. Tissue temperature was measured before, during, and after US treatment until tissue temperature returned to baseline. RESULTS: At the completion of the 10-minute US treatment, the temperature rise at an intensity of 1.0 W/cm2 was 3.0 degrees C at the 1.0-cm depth, 2.3 degrees C at 2.0-cm depth, and 1.6 degrees C at 3.0-cm depth. At an intensity of 1.5 W/cm2, temperatures rose 4.6 degrees C at the 1.0-cm depth, 3.6 degrees C at 2.0-cm depth, and 2.4 degrees C at 3.0-cm depth. Tissue temperatures returned to baseline within 10 minutes or sooner after treatment in all dogs. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that significant heating occurs in the superficial thigh muscle of dogs during 3.3-MHz US. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: 3.3-MHz US can be used to increase superficial tissue temperature in dogs, although the amount of time that tissue temperature remains elevated is relatively short.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Posterior urethral valves: inaccuracy of prenatal diagnosis.

This study was undertaken to determine the specificity of prenatal diagnosis of posterior urethral valves. Twenty-two fetuses were diagnosed in utero with posterior urethral valves due to the presence of persistent megacystis and hydronephrosis. Ten cases had oligohydramnios and 12 had normal or increased fluid. Confirmation of diagnosis was not available in 3 fetuses. Only 8 of 19 fetuses had postnatal confirmation of posterior urethral valves. Other anomalies included urethral atresia, ureteral duplication, megacystis/megaureter, reflux and multicystic dysplastic kidney. We conclude that in utero evidence of megacystis and hydronephrosis with or without oligohydramnios is not diagnostic of posterior urethral valves.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anxiety, anger, and neurogenic tone at rest and in stress in patients with primary hypertension.

To determine whether basal blood pressure or pressor responses to stress are related to sympathetic nerve tone or to psychological factors in hypertensives, 15 hypertensives and 13 normotensives were studied by mean of a self-administered questionnaire, isometric handgrip exercise (IHE), and the mental stress of serial subtraction. Plasma norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured before and at the end of IHE and mental stress. A greater number of hypertensives had suppressed anger (p less than 0.01) and scored higher on anxiety trait (p less than 0.01) and depression (p less than 0.05). Prestress (IHE and mental) BP and NE values were significantly greater in hypertensives (all p less than 0.01). During IHE, both groups had a significant increase of BP, HR, and NE (all p less than 0.01) but E rose in hypertensives only (p less than 0.05). The percentage change of BP, HR, NE, and E during IHE was similar in both groups. The changes of BP and HR were not related to NE or E. During mental stress, HR (p less than 0.01) and E (p less than 0.05) increased in both groups. However, BP (systolic and diastolic) increased in normotensives only (p less than 0.01). Plasma NE contents were unchanged in both groups. There were significant positive correlations of anxiety trait with systolic BP (p less than 0.05), diastolic BP (p less than 0.05), and NE (p less than 0.05) and E (p less than 0.05). Although hypertensives had increased neurogenic tone related perhaps to inward anger and anxiety, the percentage responses of neurogenic tone and BP to IHE were equivalent to those of normotensives. The challenge of serial subtraction did not elicit further noradrenergic or pressor responses in hypertensives. Suppressed anger and anxiety, via increased basal neurogenic tone, may be pathogenic factors in some patients with primary hypertension.

Adult↗