Accurate knowledge about suicide and personality.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Lester.
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A study of 92 suicides among police officers in New York City from 1934 to 1939 gave little evidence that work-related stress played a role. Those suicides who were alcohol abusers were younger, less often promoted, more often had current job stress, and more often had interpersonal motives for their suicide.
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The presence of suicide prevention centers in a state in 1970 was negatively associated with changes in the suicide rate from 1970 to 1980 in the USA, indicating a preventive effect from suicide prevention centers. This effect, though weak, was consistently found for most demographic subgroups of the population and when a strong social correlate of suicide rates (divorce rates) was taken into account by means of multiple regression analysis.
This study shows that the social correlates of suicide rates in the USA and Taiwan are quite different, and that Durkheim's theory of suicide does not appear to be valid in Taiwan. By contrast, homicide rates in both nations do share some common social correlates, including divorce rates and crime rates.
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An examination of the period from 1980 to 1987 revealed that state government initiatives were, in general, associated with a beneficial effect on teenage suicide rates in the states of America. Student participation in school-based suicide prevention programs, however, was associated with a detrimental effect on state teenage suicide rates. The implications of these results were discussed.
As the gas industries in the United States and Japan switched from toxic coal gas to nontoxic natural gas, the incidence of accidental deaths from domestic gas declined dramatically in both nations. Thus, improvements in public health occurred as incidental side effects of business decisions.
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Time-series analyses were carried out to explore the importance of sociological and economic variables in accounting for the suicide rate in the U.S.A. and in Taiwan for 1952-1984. Sociological variables (divorce and female labor force participation) played similar roles in the multiple regressions for both nations while economic variables (GNP per capita/growth and unemployment) played a role only in the U.S.A.
A time-series analysis of suicide and homicide rates in Australia from 1966 to 1985 revealed that suicide rates were lower and homicide rates higher in years when more alcohol was consumed per capita. The association of alcohol consumption with homicide was expected, but the association with suicide was opposite to that predicted.