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Biomedical subjects

D L Tobias

Publications and source records attributed to D L Tobias.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Three-dimensional reconstruction of magnetic resonance images of the temporomandibular joint by I-DEAS.

Evaluation of the temporomandibular joint has been limited by the inability of current technology to image complex morphology and motion in three dimensions. An engineering design program, I-DEAS, has been used to construct solid models from magnetic resonance images. A dried skull with an acrylic resin temporomandibular disc replica, immersed in water, provided sagittal and coronal MR images. Linear dimensions and disc volumes obtained from the models were compared with the original and found to be consistent, within the limits imposed by the slice thickness. We have applied the method to the living joint in an asymptomatic volunteer, and report our initial experience in demonstrating the spatial relationships and motion of the joint components.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

EMG response to alteration of tooth contacts on occlusal splints during maximal clenching.

Maximum clenching on an equilibrated occlusal splint yielded an increase of 17% in overall muscle activity over that of maximum intercuspation contributed mainly by masseter muscles. Maximum clenching on an anterior occlusal splint yielded a decrease of 13% in overall muscle activity compared with that of an equilibrated occlusal splint. When maximum clenching was performed with six left-sided teeth removed from contact while the left second molar remained in contact, there was no significant change in muscle activity when compared with that of an equilibrated occlusal splint. When left-sided muscles were compared with right-sided muscles for the same situation, there was no significant change. When maximum clenching was performed with all left-sided teeth removed from contact, there was a decrease of 21% in overall muscle activity compared with that of an equilibrated occlusal splint. When left-sided muscles were compared with right-sided muscles for the same situation, there was no significant change. Changes in the number of tooth contacts did not cause changes in the overall muscle activity during maximum clenching. Changes in the position of the tooth contacts altered the overall muscle activity during maximum clenching. Changes in occlusal contact symmetry did not cause changes in symmetry of muscle pairs during maximum clenching. Unilateral support produced the subjective response of pressure on the contralateral TMJ during maximum clenching.

Bite Force↗
PubMed1976

A weight control program for students using diet and behavior therapy.

A twelve-week weight-reducing program for students was conducted at the University of Kentucky. The program, which was developed and directed by graduate students in nutrition, utilized a combination of behavior therapy and diet therapy. Initiated in the spring of 1975, the program has been continued in the 1975-76 year. All students completing the program achieved weight reduction. Their weight losses averaged 2/3 lb. a week. The dropout rate for the program was 40 per cent. One-third of the participants completing the program reached their weight-reduction goals. These results suggest that further attempts should be made to improve weight-reducing suitable for college students.

Adult↗