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Biomedical subjects

D L Scott

Publications and source records attributed to D L Scott.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The preparation of plasma fibronectin antigen and antiserum.

Affinity chromatography of human plasma, using either gelatin or fibrinogen coupled to Sepharose 4B, depletes the plasma of fibronectin. Other 'contaminant' proteins are also bound by this procedure on the column and elute with the fibronectin, as shown by using the bound and eluted fraction to immunise rabbits. Such antisera can be rendered specific for fibronectin by absorption with fibronectin depleted plasma. Alternatively, purified fibronectin can be obtained by a two-stage chromatographic procedure using a second separation on Sephacryl S300, and immunization with this as antigen produces monospecific antiserum. This reacts both with plasma and tissue fibronectin.

Antigens↗
PubMed1981

Relationship of gold and penicillamine therapy to diffuse interstitial lung disease.

Seven cases of diffuse interstitial lung disease (DILD) are reported with an unequivocal temporal relationship between the development of the lung disease and treatment with gold (6 cases) and penicillamine (1 case). They were characterised clinically by the sudden onset of dyspnoea and crepitations and radiologically by diffuse bilateral pulmonary shadowing. Most showed evidence of hypersensitivity such as eosinophilia, a raised serum IgE level in response to gold, proteinuria, thrombocytopenia, or an immediate postinjection reaction. DILD is a serious complication of treatment with gold and penicillamine that is commoner than generally realised.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Significance of fibronectin in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis.

Fibronectin is a glycoprotein secreted by connective tissue cells into their environment and into the blood. Plasma fibronectin has been isolated and used to prepare an antiserum. This has been shown to be specific for fibronectin and unreactive with fibrin(ogen) and collagen, to which fibronectin binds in vitro. The antiserum has been used to examine the distribution of this protein in the synovium in health, in rheumatoid arthritis, and in osteoarthrosis, and to estimate levels in plasma and synovial fluid. The results suggest that fibronectin is synthesised by synovial cells, and the synovial fluid level of fibronectin was found to be about twice the plasma level in rheumatoid arthritis. In long-standing arthritis fibronectin was also found to be codistributed with (presumably by adsorption upon) fibrin and immature collagen in intra-articular structures but was no longer demonstrable in areas where mature collagen had been formed in areas undergoing fibrosis. The possible significance of local fibronectin production within joints in relation to its possible effect on the resolution or continuance of arthritis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Significance of laminar antikeratin antibodies to rat oesophagus in rheumatoid arthritis.

Antikeratin antibodies reacting in a laminar distribution with keratinised rat oesophagus were found in the sera of a proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis but not in healthy controls. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the proportion of sera exhibiting this reactivity varied with the site tested in the rat's upper alimentary tract. There were 36.4% of 99 patients with RA who gave positive reactivity to the middle third of the rat oesophagus. This antikeratin reactivity was related to the occurrence of other antitissue antibodies (to reticulin, gastric parietal cells, smooth muscle, mitochondria, or nuclear components) in the same patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It was not related to the duration of early morning stiffness, the Ritchie index, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, certain acute phase proteins (haptoglobin and C-reactive protein) nor to the levels of haemoglobin or immunoglobulins. Antikeratin antibodies were not specific for rheumatoid arthritis and also occurred in 50% of 16 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serum calcium levels in rheumatoid arthritis.

Total and corrected (for albumin) serum calcium levels were investigated in a cross-sectional study of 394 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 4490 healthy subjects, and 2609 inpatients at a district general hospital. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had lower mean calcium levels than the healthy subject (p less than 0.001), but had similar levels to inpatients at the district general hospital. Thirty-eight inpatients with rheumatoid arthritis at a hospital for rheumatic diseases had lower mean corrected and total calcium levels than all other groups (p less than 0.01). Corrected or total calcium levels higher than 2.60 mmol/l or corrected calcium levels lower than 2.20 mmol/l were uncommon in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A longitudinal study of serum calcium levels in 17 patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 6-48 months showed considerable temporal variation in total and corrected calcium levels. Transient hypercalcaemia and hypocalcaemia occurred occasionally, but for most of the time calcium levels were normal. Changes in calcium levels were not related to changes in clinical, haematological, or immunological parameters of disease activity. Mean serum calcium levels are lower in disease than health; this occurs in RA as well as other diseases.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1981

Distribution of fibronectin in the rectal mucosa.

Fibronectin is a glycoprotein of high molecular weight present in tissues, plasma, and tissue fluids. Its distribution in the rectal mucosa was studied by immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase techniques using a monospecific antiserum. Immunofluorescent reactivity for fibronectin was present in the normal rectal mucosa of control subjects in epithelial cells, on basement membranes, and as a loose cribriform network of extracellular reactivity in the lamina propria that codistributed with histochemically demonstrable reticulin. Fibronectin was demonstrated immunoelectromicroscopically on collagen fibres, on smooth muscle cells and within and between columnar epithelial cells. In the rectal mucosa of patients with colitis with marked inflammatory changes, fibronectin appeared thickened and more prominent when present on basement membranes and as sparse strands between inflammatory cells infiltrating the lamina propria. In patients with longstanding colitis and less inflammatory cell infiltration there was a diffuse increase in fibronectin which was densely and uniformly present throughout the lamina propria. Fibronectin is a structural component of the rectal mucosa and changes in its distribution may form an important part of the local reaction to inflammatory bowel disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The distribution of fibronectin in the pannus in rheumatoid arthritis.

Fibronectin is an adhesive glycoprotein synthesized by mesenchymal cells. Its distribution in the rheumatoid pannus has been studied by immunofluorescence using a monospecific antiserum. All areas of the pannus contained immunoreactive fibronectin, including its junctions with synovium, ligaments, bone and cartilage. It formed a coarse extracellular meshwork which surrounded the inflammatory cells infiltrating the pannus and which codistributed with reticulin and "immature" collagen. The proliferative cellular areas of the pannus showed marked reactivity for fibronectin. Although fibronectin was present at the pannus-cartilage junction, it was not otherwise found in articular cartilage. Fibronectin in the pannus did not have any relationship to the distribution of immunoglobulins or complement. Fibronectin is a structural component of the rheumatoid pannus and may play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid synovitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Thyroid function tests during carbimazole therapy.

Changes in plasma thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine index (FT4I) and thyroid stimulating hormone were studied in 100 patients with Graves' disease treated with carbimazole. During therapy plasma T3 concentrations were disproportionately high compared to those of T4, the T4 : T3 ratio was low, and many patients were clinically euthyroid with a normal plasma T3 but low T4 concentration. Although there was considerable individual variation in response, the order of response was always the same with plasma T4 falling to normal or low levels before T3. Plasma T3 was the best indicator of clinical status and the best predictor of the impending change; additional information of changes in thyroid status was obtained from plasma T4 and FT4I estimation, especially when these were followed sequentially. Single measurements of T4 or FT4I only are not recommended for assessing thyroid function during carbimazole therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Clinical effects of vitamin C in elderly inpatients with low blood-vitamin-C levels.

The effect of oral vitamin C has been examined in elderly long-stay inpatients known to have low levels of vitamin C in their plasma and leucocytes. 1 g of vitamin C given daily for 28 days was shown to be associated with slight, but significant, clinical improvement and weight-gain when compared with placebo therapy.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

A comparative radiological study of the pubic symphysis in rheumatic disorders.

Radiological abnormalities are often seen at the pubic symphysis in rheumatic disorders. In a radiological study of 120 patients with rheumatic diseases osteitis pubis with erosive and sclerotic changes was a feature of ankylosing spondylitis. Irregularity and subluxation were not related to osteitis pubis or diagnostic group but were common in females and had a possible association with previous pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Thromboresistance of pyrolytic carbon grafts.

This study reports in vivo testing of ULTI carbon coated dacron grafts in the dog's 4 mm carotid artery, and showed 97.5% patency at 21 days in 40 grafts compared to 33% in 6 control grafts. Physical properties of the dacron substrates were not altered after ULTI carbon deposition. The carbon coated grafts must be carefully cleaned and maintained in that condition. This initial study with the modified pyrolytic carbon adds a new dimension to vascular prosthetics and artificial organ development.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The influence of dietary selenium and vitamin E on glutathione peroxidase and glutathione in the rat.

The effect of dietary selenium (Se) and vitamin E supplementation on tissue reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase activity has been studied in the rat. Increasing Se intake by 0.4 ppm gave significantly higher enzyme levels in all tissues studied, an effect not influenced by vitamin E intake. Further increasing Se to 4 ppm gave higher enzyme levels in red blood cells only, while in liver there was a significant decrease in enzyme activity probably reflecting Se hepatotoxicity. In the absence of Se supplements increasing dietary vitamin E to 100 mg/kg diet significantly increased enzyme activity but this effect was modified by simultaneous Se supplementation. Se intake had no effect on GSH levels. Rats on a high vitamin E intake 500 mg/kg had a significantly higher tissue GSH level. Dietary Se had a sparing effect on vitamin E, rats supplemented with Se having significantly raised plasma vitamin E levels. These results confirm the role of selenium in glutathione peroxidase and also show that vitamin E influences the activity of the enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Hypnosis in pedicle graft surgery.

The use of hypnotherapy to modify the reactions of 13 patients undergoing pedicle flap operations is described. The morale and mental approach of these patients was improved. Premedication and hypnotic drug requirements were reduced to nil following hypnotic training. Analgesic medication was also reduced, not being required at all following nearly two-thirds of the operations.

Adolescent↗