Pulmonary embolism in patients with spinal cord injuries.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
D L Rose
Publications and source records attributed to D L Rose.
Spiroplasma species share common DNA sequences among their viruses, plasmids and genomes.
Alkaline-Southern-blot analyses showed that a spiroplasma plasmid, pRA1, obtained from Spiroplasma citri (Maroc-R8A2), contained DNA sequences that were homologous to spiroplasma type 3 viruses (SV3) obtained from S. citri (Maroc-R8A2), S. citri (608) and S. mirum (SMCA). In addition, pRA1 and SV3(608) DNA shared common, but not necessarily related, sequences with extrachromosomal DNA derived from 11 Spiroplasma species or strains. Furthermore, SV3(608) had DNA homology with the chromosome from 6 distinct spiroplasmas but not with chromosomal DNA from eight other Spiroplasma species or strains. The biological function of these common sequences is unknown.
Bacteriophages↗
Genetic and serologic relatedness between Mycoplasma fermentans strains and a mycoplasma recently identified in tissues of AIDS and non-AIDS patients.
A mycoplasma previously identified in the tissues of both AIDS and non-AIDS patients dying of an acute fatal disease was earlier shown to share some biologic and genetic properties with a strain of Mycoplasma fermentans, an organism occurring infrequently in the human lower urogenital tract. More extensive genetic and serologic comparisons using DNA/DNA hybridization, DNA base composition (guanine + cytosine), restriction endonuclease DNA analysis, cellular protein patterns and metabolism inhibition serologic procedures confirm that the organism previously designated as "Mycoplasma incognitus" (Mi) is indeed very closely related to strains of M. fermentans. While the genetic and serologic features observed among the newly isolated mycoplasma and two M. fermentans strains suggest a species relationship, it now seems useful to re-examine the biological activities of other freshly isolated M. fermentans strains from man.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Localization and persistence of spiroplasmas in an experimental brain infection in suckling rats.
The GT-48 strain of Spiroplasma mirum was employed in an experimental brain infection in 1-day old suckling rats in order to define the localization and persistence of organisms in brain and spleen and to evaluate the responses of three distinct genetic lines of rats. Rat pups inoculated intracerebrally with 30-300 organisms exhibited peak infections at 15-20 days post-inoculation, while challenge levels of 3-30 organisms showed some persistent infections for as long as 60 days. The responses of three genetic lines of rats to the experimental spiroplasma infection did not differ significantly over a 60-day follow-up period. The acute-phase infection in suckling rats showed a rapidly developing and widespread dissemination of organisms to all major areas of the brain.
Acute Disease↗
Spiroplasma apis, a new species from the honey-bee Apis mellifera.
Two spiroplasma strains (B31 and B39) recovered from diseased honey-bees (Apis mellifera) in southwestern France were similar in biochemical, serological and pathological properties. The organisms grew at 30 degrees C, required cholesterol for growth, fermented glucose, catabolized arginine and produced a film and spot reaction. The two spiroplasmas were serologically indistinguishable but were related to serogroup IV spiroplasmas, which had been previously isolated from flower surfaces and from insects. The isolates were distinct from the three previously established species of Spiroplasma and from other presently known serogroups. The G + C content of the DNA from strain B31 was 30 +/- 1 mol %. Both B31 and B39 strains were associated with a lethal infection ("May disease") of the honey-bee. On the basis of the characterization presented here, it is proposed that these spiroplasmal pathogens of bees and allied strains be classified as a new species, Spiroplasma apis, the type strain of which is B31 (ATCC 33834).
Animals↗
Characterization and taxonomic status of tick spiroplasmas: a review.
Three serologically distinct groups of spiroplasmas have been recovered from ticks. Spiroplasma mirum strains (from rabbit ticks, Haemaphysalis leporispalustris) and Y32 group (VI) spiroplasmas (from Ixodes pacificus) are the only spiroplasmas to have a clear association with these arthropods. Group (VI) spiroplasmas are distinguished by an unusual nonhelical morphology and their capacity to hemadsorb guinea pig erythrocytes. S. mirum strains are unique in their ability to induce cataracts or lethal brain infections in a number of young vertebrates and in their virulence for the chick embryo. The 277F spiroplasma, while initially recovered from a pool of rabbit ticks (H. leporispalustris), is related by certain serological and genetic properties to spiroplasmas in the S. citri complex (serogroup I). These relationships suggest that the 277F spiroplasma may not be a natural inhabitant of the rabbit tick.
Animals↗
Interspecies and intraspecies DNA homology among established species of Acholeplasma: a review.
Radiolabeled DNA probes prepared in vitro by the nick translation method were used to determine the nucleotide sequence homology among the eight established and one unclassified species of Acholeplasma. Very little DNA homology (2 to 21 percent) was found among these nine distinct species and the heteroduplexes showed at least 15 percent mismatching as determined by thermal elution endpoints. The data obtained by hybridization analyses paralleled the results obtained by the growth inhibition and epi-immunofluorescence serologic procedures. The small amount of nucleotide sequence homology among the nine distinct species indicate that the Acholeplasma species are quite distinct and unrelated to each other genomically, findings which should provide useful insight on the molecular biology and evolutionary pathways of these organisms. Labeled 3H-DNA probes to five strains of either A. laidlawii or A. axanthum hybridized to a varying degree to excess amounts of unlabeled DNAs from 12 strains of A. laidlawii and six strains of A. axanthum, respectively. Nucleic acid hybridization analyses showed a wide variation (48 to 100 percent) in DNA homologies among different strains of the two species. The results demonstrate that strains of A. laidlawii and/or A. axanthum isolated from diverse hosts and habitats (birds, rodents, cats, swine, sheep, cattle, horses, goats, primates, and plants) exhibit extensive genotypic variations. 3H-DNA-DNA hybridization procedures were found to be extremely useful in establishing or confirming the existence of distinct species within the genus Acholeplasma.
Acholeplasma↗
Evaluation of culture media for the recovery of Mycoplasma hominis from the human urogenital tract.
Specimens from the cervix or posterior vaginal fornix of 50 women attending a venereal disease clinic and from the urethra of 50 men with nongonococcal urethritis were cultured for Mycoplasma hominis. Recovery of the organism in two conventional mycoplasma culture media containing horse serum was compared with that in SP-4 broth medium (which is used for the culture of fastidious mycoplasmas). M. hominis was isolated from approximately 63% of the specimens from women by means of either of the horse serum media and from 94% by means of SP-4 medium. The organism was isolated from 10-12% of the urethral samples from men by means of either of the horse serum media and from 22% by means of SP-4 medium. In all, 55 specimens yielded M. hominis in SP-4 medium and 37 in horse serum broth. Thus, 18 (33%) of the 55 isolates were recovered only when SP-4 medium was used. The presence of thallium acetate in the horse serum medium used in one laboratory appeared to contribute to its inferiority. These results show that SP-4 medium may be superior for the isolation of M. hominis in some circumstances. However, major modifications in this medium will be required for the selective recovery of Mycoplasma genitalium from the human urogenital tract when M. hominis is also present.
Animals↗