Public identification and acceptance of the mentally ill.
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Attitude↗
Biomedical subjects
D L Phillips
Publications and source records attributed to D L Phillips.
Carcinoma of the cervix uteri presenting as Paget's disease of the vulva, with a note on the pathogenesis of the latter.
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Diagnosis, Differential↗
Pentachlorophenol measurements in body fluids of people in log homes and workplaces.
Human exposure to pentachlorophenol (PCP) was evaluated in the normal population (controls), residents of PCP-treated log homes, and persons exposed primarily in the workplace. Blood and urine samples were analyzed by gas chromatography after extraction and acetylation. For 34 controls, serum PCP values ranged from 15-75 ppb with a mean of 40 ppb. For 123 residents of log homes, serum levels ranged from 69-1,340 ppb with a mean of 420 ppb. In such homes, serum levels for children were significantly higher than those for parents, averaging 1.8 times greater. Serum and urine values for workers varied widely, depending on the workplace, with serum levels ranging from 26 to 84,900 ppb of PCP. Urinary concentrations when corrected for creatinine values correlated well (r = 0.92) with serum concentrations. Coating PCP-treated logs of home interiors with a sealant reduced serum PCP levels in the residents.
Adolescent↗
Chlorinated hydrocarbon levels in human serum: effects of fasting and feeding.
Twenty healthy adult humans had serum samples drawn on four occasions within a 24-hr period: after a 12 hr overnight fast, 4-5 hr after a high fat breakfast, at midafternoon, and the next morning after another 12 hr fast. Nonfasting samples had 22% to 29% higher mean concentrations (p less than 0.05) than did fasting samples for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, 4.81 vs 3.74 ng/g serum wt), hexachlorobenzene (HCB, 0.163 vs 0.134 ng/g serum wt), and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE, 6.74 vs 5.37 ng/g serum wt) measured by electron capture gas liquid chromatography. Total serum lipids were estimated from measurements of total cholesterol, free cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids and were 20% higher in nonfasting samples than in fasting samples (7.05 g/L vs 5.86 g/L). When PCBs, HCB, and p,p'-DDE concentrations were corrected by total serum lipids, results from fasting and non-fasting samples were not statistically different. Because of the differences in these chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations observed with different sample collection regimens, meaningful comparison of analytical results requires standardizing collection procedures or correcting by total serum lipid levels.
Adult↗
Propagation of error and bias in half-life estimates based on two measurements.
Limited data on toxic compounds in humans often necessitate that biological half-life estimates be based on only two measurements over a time interval, both of which are subject to analytical error. Propagation of error calculations and computer simulations were performed which showed that as the time interval gets shorter and/or the analytical error increases, the variability of the half-life estimate increases. Negative and large positive values create problems in computing the mean half-life and can lead to biases in that estimator. However, when negative values are considered equivalent to large positive half-lives, the median half-life has negligible bias even at large analytical coefficients of variation and measurement intervals much shorter than one half-life.
Analysis of Variance↗
Clinical features of Aeromonas enteritis in Hawaii.
The incidence and clinical features of enteritis associated with Aeromonas in Honolulu were studied. The stool isolation rate was 2.9% for Aeromonas, the third most common bacterial pathogen in this population. Clinical features of Aeromonas-associated enteritis were compared with clinical features of enteritis without an associated bacterial pathogen. Although there was a trend toward more abdominal pain, tenderness, nausea and prolonged illness in patients with Aeromonas, these differences were not statistically significant. In most cases, Aeromonas enteritis is a self-limited illness, indistinguishable from other causes of diarrhoea seen in our clinic.
Aeromonas↗
Factors influencing scope of practice in nursing centers.
During the past 20 years, models of autonomous nursing practice, referred to as nursing centers or nurse-managed centers (NMC), have been reported with increasing frequency in the literature. This review of the NMC literature focused on five factors influencing the scope of practice in these settings. Scope of practice was influenced by the purpose of the NMC, whether for faculty practice, community service, or as a setting for specialty nursing practice. A majority of NMCs appear to include nurses in advanced practice, although registered nurses do fulfill a variety of roles. Although the relationship an NMC maintains with the medical community is ideally characterized by collaboration and mutual acceptance, issues of competition arise. NMCs typically target underserved populations or candidates for specialty nursing care such as geriatric or cardiac rehabilitation patients. Finally, the scope of practice defined by an NMC is affected by the center's need to generate income. A survival strategy for NMCs would appear to require (1) provision of high-quality nursing services; (2) public and community support; (3) healthy, collaborative relationships with other health care providers; and (4) documentation of patient outcomes through NMC-based nursing research.
Clinical Nursing Research↗
Electronic and resonance Raman spectra of [Au2(CS3)2]2-. Spectroscopic properties of a "short" Au(I)-Au(I) bond.
The anion [Au2(CS3)2]2- has an unusually short Au-Au distance (2.80 A) for a binuclear Au(I) complex. We report detailed Raman studies of the nBu4N+ salt of this complex, including FT-Raman of the solid and UV/vis resonance Raman of dimethyl sulfoxide solutions. All five totally symmetric vibrations of the anion have been located and assigned. A band at delta nu = 125 cm-1 is assigned to nu (Au2). The visible-region electronic absorption bands (384 (epsilon 30,680) and 472 nm (epsilon 610 M-1 cm-1)) are attributable to CS3(2-) localized transitions, as confirmed by the dominance of nu sym(C-Sexo) (delta nu = 951 cm-1) in RR spectra measured in this region. An absorption band at 314 nm (22,250 M-1 cm-1) is assigned as the metal-metal 1(d sigma*-->p sigma) transition, largely because nu sym(C-Sexo) is not strongly enhanced in RR involving this band. Observation of the expected strong resonance enhancement of nu (Au2) was precluded as a result of masking by intense solvent Rayleigh scattering in the UV.
Journal Article↗
Half-life of polychlorinated biphenyls in occupationally exposed workers.
In 1977 and 1985, serum polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations were determined for 58 workers in a Bloomington, Indiana, factory that used polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in capacitor manufacture until 1977. Less chlorinated PCBs were quantitated as Aroclor 1242, and more highly chlorinated PCBs were quantitated as Aroclor 1254. The median half-life was 2.6 y for Aroclor 1242 and 4.8 y for Aroclor 1254. However, the half-life varied inversely with the initial serum concentration. This pattern may be a result of continued low-level exposure, variation in the time of exposure, or enzyme induction by PCBs.
Adult↗