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Biomedical subjects

D L Panciera

Publications and source records attributed to D L Panciera.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Epizootiologic patterns of diabetes mellitus in cats: 333 cases (1980-1986).

Medical records from 333 cats with diabetes mellitus were studied retrospectively, using epidemiologic methods to determine the incidence of and risk factors for diabetes mellitus in this species. Abstracts were derived, using the Veterinary Medical Data Program with its 17 participating academic institutions in the United States and Canada. A reference population of 135,651 cats was derived from the same hospital population and time span (July 1980 to June 1986). The incidence of diabetes mellitus in cats was determined to be 2.45 cases/1,000 cat-years-of-risk during the 6-year study period. Breed had no detectable effect on risk for diabetes mellitus. In contrast, body weight, age, gender, and neutering had a significant (P less than or equal to 0.01) effect. Body weight of cats was categorized as being less than or greater than or equal to 6.8 kg. The higher body weight, probably indicating obesity, contributed a 2.2-fold increase in risk, even after adjustment for age and gender (adjusted odds ratio). The etiologic fraction for high body weight was 3.8%, suggesting that an estimated 3.8% of cases of diabetes mellitus was attributable to this factor alone. Over 50% of diabetic cats were greater than 10 years old, and the etiologic fraction for age greater than 7 years alone was 73.5%. Age was a significant (P less than 0.001) and the most important single risk factor for development of the disease in cats, with adjusted odds ratios of 8.3 and 14.4 for age 7 to 10 years and greater than 10 years, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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PubMed1990

Quantitative morphologic study of the pituitary and thyroid glands of dogs administered L-thyroxine.

To determine the effects of long-term thyroxine treatment, histomorphometric analysis was performed on the pituitary and thyroid glands of healthy dogs, dogs treated for 9 weeks with a replacement dose of L-thyroxine, and dogs at 6 weeks after cessation of thyroxine treatment. In treated dogs, the volume density of thyrotropes decreased during thyroxine treatment and increased 6 weeks after cessation of treatment, compared with thyrotropes of healthy nontreated dogs. The activity of the thyroid gland was decreased in dogs during thyroxine treatment, as evidenced by decreases in epithelial volume density, epithelial height, and follicular area, and increase in colloid volume density, compared with thyroid gland activity in nontreated dogs. After cessation of thyroxine treatment, the thyroid gland had decreased colloid area, follicular area, and epithelial volume density, and increased interstitial volume density, compared with the thyroid gland of healthy nontreated dogs. Thyroxine treatment resulted in suppression of pituitary thyrotropes and thyroid follicular activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Thyroid function tests in euthyroid dogs treated with L-thyroxine.

The effects of treatment with L-thyroxine (1 mg/m2 of body surface/d, PO, for 8 weeks) on the thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) responses to thyrotropin (TSH) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) administration were determined in 10 euthyroid Beagles; 4 other dogs acted as controls. The TSH response test was performed before treatment and at weeks 2, 4, and 8 of treatment in all dogs and at 2 and 4 weeks after cessation of treatment in 6 dogs. The TRH response test was performed before treatment and at week 6 of treatment in all dogs and at 5 weeks after cessation of treatment in 6 dogs. Suppression of the T3 response to TSH was evident at treatment week 2, whereas the T4 response was suppressed at week 4 and remained suppressed for the duration of the study. Four weeks after stopping treatment, T4 and T3 responses to TSH in 2 dogs were within the hypothyroid range. The T4 response to TRH was completely suppressed after 6 weeks of thyroxine treatment, but returned to pretreatment values by 5 weeks after cessation of treatment. Suppression of thyroid and pituitary function is evident after administration of a replacement dose of L-thyroxine to euthyroid dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Electrocardiographic abnormalities associated with tetanus in two dogs.

Bradycardia, sinus arrest, and second-degree atrioventricular block developed in 2 dogs with tetanus. Clinical signs attributable to bradycardia were not apparent. Administration of atropine resulted in resolution of the arrhythmias. Both dogs responded well to supportive treatment; the bradycardia resolved within 4 days of onset without specific treatment. Tetanus should be included in the differential diagnosis when increased neuromuscular excitability and bradycardia are evident, as is found in toxicity with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, increased intracranial pressure, and other neurologic disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Dracunculus insignis infection in a dog.

Painful, fluctuant subcutaneous swellings on the limbs of a dog were attributed to infection with Dracunculus insignis. The diagnosis was obtained by finding larvae in fluid aspirated from the swellings and by identification of the adult female nematodes after they were surgically removed. Six weeks after initial examination, another adult nematode was removed from the subcutaneous tissues of the thorax. Although uncommon, D insignis infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous swellings.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Management of cryptococcosis and toxic epidermal necrolysis in a dog.

Generalized cryptococcosis with CNS involvement was diagnosed in a 3-year-old spayed German Shorthaired Pointer. Clinical findings included Horner's syndrome, generalized lymphadenopathy, temporal muscle atrophy, and chorioretinitis. Toxic epidermal necrolysis resulted after 19 days of treatment with 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B. After discontinuation of the 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B and treatment with cephradine and ketoconazole, the toxic epidermal necrolysis resolved. Treatment was completed without further complication by using amphotericin B and ketoconazole concurrently.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome in a dog with a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor.

A 2-year-old spayed female Whippet with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome was treated with a specific thromboxane synthetase inhibitor (3-methyl-2[3-pyridyl]-1-indoleoctanoic acid), resulting in decreased proteinuria and resolution of ascites and edema. Glomerular histology, however, appeared unaffected by treatment. Discontinuation of treatment for 10 weeks resulted in increased proteinuria and decreased serum albumin concentrations that were again attenuated when treatment was reinitiated. Thromboxane synthetase inhibitors have been used successfully to treat experimentally induced glomerulonephritis in several species and this treatment appears to hold promise for naturally occurring glomerulonephritis in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thyroid hormone concentrations in dogs with chronic weight loss, with special reference to cancer cachexia.

Serum concentrations of thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (fT4), and free 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (fT3) were compared between tumor-bearing dogs (with and without chronic weight loss) and non-tumor-bearing dogs (with and without chronic weight loss) (n = 83). Serum T4, T3, and fT3 concentrations were lower (P < .05) in dogs with weight loss, whether or not they were tumor-bearing, than in dogs without weight loss. Serum fT4 concentrations did not vary among the groups. Serum albumin concentrations were lower (P < .05) in cachectic dogs than in dogs not experiencing weight loss, regardless of their tumor-bearing status. Percentage of weight loss was found to be associated (P < .05) with T4, T3, and fT3 concentrations. It appears that the low thyroid hormone concentrations are related to either an abnormal nutritional state or to the severity of illness, rather than to a tumor-related phenomenon.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma von Willebrand factor antigen concentration and buccal mucosal bleeding time in dogs with experimental hypothyroidism.

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of hypothyroidism on buccal mucosal bleeding time and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWf:Ag) concentrations. Hypothyroidism was induced in 8 adult dogs by administration of iodine 131. Four healthy dogs acted as controls. Measurement of plasma vWf:Ag and serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations, and buccal mucosal bleeding time were made before induction of hypothyroidism, for 23 weeks after 131I administration, and during 5 weeks of levothyroxine supplementation. No significant changes in buccal mucosal bleeding times were noted during the study. After an insignificant increase in vWf:Ag concentration in hypothyroid dogs, levothyroxine treatment was associated with a significant decrease in vWf:Ag concentration in hypothyroid dogs when compared with controls. Results of this study suggest that hypothyroidism does not induce acquired von Willebrand's disease or significant defects in primary hemostasis.

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