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Biomedical subjects

D L Allen

Publications and source records attributed to D L Allen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A portion of [3H]cocaine binding in brain is associated with serotonergic neurons.

Three lines of evidence are brought forward in support of an association in the brain cortex of some, but not all, of the cocaine binding sites with serotonergic nerve terminals. The first is based upon the significant correlation observed between the inhibition of cocaine binding by various drugs and the inhibition of neuronal uptake of serotonin in the mouse cerebral cortex. The second is based upon the demonstration of cocaine binding in human blood platelets, a model system for central serotonergic neurons. The third comes from experiments in which rats were treated with p-chloroamphetamine and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (serotonin neurotoxins), 6-hydroxydopamine (catecholamine neurotoxin), or p-chlorophenylalanine (inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase). Only the serotonin neurotoxins decreased the binding of [3H]cocaine in the rat cerebral cortex, but to a lower extent than the binding of [3]imipramine, which is known to be associated with serotonergic terminals. In contrast to the cocaine binding in the mouse cerebral cortex, the binding in the rat cerebral cortex included a considerable portion of low-affinity binding that was relatively unaffected by lesions of serotonergic neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Ethanol elimination rates in mice: effects of gender, nutrition, and chronic ethanol treatment.

Twenty male and 20 female mice of a heterogeneous stock were assigned to each of three groups. One groups was administered ethanol in a liquid diet for 9 days, a second group was fed an isocalorically controlled diet containing no ethanol for the same length of time, and the third group was fed standard lab chow. Each animal was injected with a dose of ethanol equal to 3.5 g/kg body weight at the time corresponding to 6 hr post-withdrawal for the ethanol-treated group. Blood ethanol elimination rates were determined at 1, 2, and 3 hr post-injection. Neither gender, nutritional state, nor chronic ethanol treatment was found to affect ethanol elimination rates.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Lack of association between preference for and dependence on ethanol.

Tests were performed on 60 HS mice to determine preference for ethanol before and after a period of forced ethanol ingestion via a liquid diet treatment. Seizure scores measured 4, 5 and 6 h after the end of the liquid diet treatment showed that moderate degrees of physical dependence had developed. Statistical analyses revealed a significant sex difference only for the amount of ethanol consumed during the liquid diet treatment, with females drinking more than males (on a g/kg basis). Correlation analyses indicated that preference for ethanol was not related to seizure severity or to amount consumed during the liquid diet treatment. A significant drop in preference after ethanol withdrawal was observed when pre- and post-withdrawal preference ratios were compared. These findings are discussed in the context of the usefulness of preference for ethanol as a predictor of alcoholism.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1982

Selective breeding in mice for severity of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome.

Starting with a foundation population of 200 genetically heterogeneous mice (HS/Ibg), selective breeding has been initiated for a multivariate index of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome. This paper discusses the advantages of using multivariate indices to define pharmacological concepts. The seven variables included in our multivariate index are described. Because five of the seven variables showed a significant sex difference, separate principal component analyses were performed to establish selection indices appropriate for each sex. The study employs within-family mating to minimize inbreeding and includes replicate high, low, and control lines. These selectively bred lines should eventually provide a useful animal model for studying physiological and neurological mechanisms that may be involved in the ethanol withdrawal syndrome.

Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium↗
PubMed1981

Behavioral and physiological measures for studying ethanol dependence in mice.

In the initial experiment, 20 male and 20 female heterogeneous stock (HS) mice were divided randomly into experimental and control groups. Ethanol was administered in liquid diet form to the experimental group in increasing dosages for a 9-day period followed by behavioral and physiological tests to determine differences between groups and genders 6 to 7 hr post-withdrawal. Analysis of data showed significant differences between the ethanol-treated and control groups for at least six of the measures. In addition, significant gender differences and significant interactions between gender ant treatment group were found for four of the measures; in all of these cases, females appeared to exhibit a less severe withdrawal syndrome than males. In a second experiment, no gender difference in rate of ethanol disappearance from the blood could be found in 36 HS mice tested at 1 to 3 hr post-withdrawal.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1980

Status of the predoctoral dental education program and its impact on graduate dental education.

This discussion paper prepared for the Task Force on Graduate (Postdoctoral) Dental Education generally describes the status of the current pre-doctoral dental program and its relationship with graduate dental education. Factors that have influenced the dental curriculum in the last ten years are presented. Major changes that have occurred and are projected to occur in the predoctoral program and their potential impact on graduate dental education are discussed. Some of the major issues facing dental education in general are outlined. A proposal is presented for greater flexibility in dental education, both at the predoctoral and advanced levels, which would permit more interaction among the several programs. This flexibility is presented not only from the standpoint of enhanced educational opportunities, but also from a cost-effective point of view.

Capital Financing↗
PubMed1980

Differential characteristics of adolescent smokers and non-smokers.

This survey concerning adolescent smoking behavior includes an 82 percent sample of the entire 8th and 11th grades of a rural school. A relatively high incidence of smoking is noted when compared with national statistics. No differences between smokers and non-smokers were found with respect to knowledge of smoking effects, athletic self-perception, or exposure to the smoking behavior of teachers, physicians, dentists, or clergy. Significant differences were found with respect to exposure to the smoking behavior of parents, siblings, and peers. A significant association between smoking males and depression was noted. Efforts are in process to decrease peer smoking exposure by altering school policy. It is predicted that success in decreasing opportunities for exposure will result in a lower incidence of smoking in this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A progress report on six year's experience with a flexible, modular dental curriculum.

A flexible, modular curriculum, using self-instructional teaching packages, was implemented in 1972 with the first class of students at the University of Florida College of Dentistry. With only minor modifications in design, this program has been utilized continuously since that time. A reaction to the preconceived advantages and disadvantages of this system is presented. In general, the program has been well received, and is considered a feasible and appropriate approach to dental education.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1977

Processing time related to patient attitude in a family practice residency model office.

This paper presents a time-motion study of patient processing in the Ball Memorial Family Practice Residency Model Office during a one-month time period. Time intervals including patient waiting time and patient processing time, ie, length of patient time spent in attendance by various health-care office personnel, were calculated. An assessment intended to reveal patients' attitudes in the context of their visits was performed. Correlation statistical analysis of the time-motion and attitude studies indicates that relatively negative patient attitudes are related to the length of time that the patient spends waiting for the doctor, the length of patient waiting time in the office, and the total time that the patient spends in the office.

Attitude↗