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Biomedical subjects

D Krause

Publications and source records attributed to D Krause.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Role of self help in the spreading evidence based on medical information].

There is an increasing interest in strategies for dissemination and implementation of guidelines. Multidimensional approaches appear most promising. Self-help groups play an important role in spreading evidence based information on medical care and prevention for osteoporosis patients. They help their members effectively through direct and constant support. However, only 0.6 percent of all osteoporosis sufferers are organised in self-help groups. It would be beneficial if this ratio would be increased. In order to reach all target groups there is merit in working through other types of multipliers too. Two interdisciplinary initiatives, the Bone and Joint Decade and the exhibition project "Osteoporosis--revealed by Oliviero Toscani" are co-operating with the relevant partners including self-help organisations.

Guidelines as Topic↗
PubMed1999

Immune function did not decline with aging in apparently healthy, well-nourished women.

Nutrition plays a crucial role in immune function. Most studies on age-associated changes in immunocompetence in healthy adults did not examine the nutritional status of participants extensively. Inadequate nutritional status may confound the relationship of aging and immune response. The purpose of this study was to examine age-related changes in parameters of acquired and innate immunity in healthy and generally well-nourished older (62-88 years) versus younger (20-40 years) women. Subjects were screened for participation using the health criteria of the SENIEUR protocol as well as a number of nutrition criteria related to undernutrition, and protein, iron, vitamin B12, and folate status. Young and old women did not differ in total T (CD3+), T-helper (CD4+), or T-cytotoxic (CD8+) cell number. However, older women tended to have lower T-cell proliferation response to concanavalin A (P < 0.10) and significantly reduced response to phytohemagglutinin (P < 0.05). No age-related changes were noted in natural killer cell number or cytotoxicity. Phagocytosis and subsequent oxidative burst activity also did not differ between young and old women. Most immune parameters were not compromised with aging in this cohort of apparently healthy, well-nourished women. These findings highlight the importance of simultaneous examination of health and nutritional status in studies of immune function with aging.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Mammalian suppressor-of-fused modulates nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of Gli-1.

Sonic hedgehog, Patched and Gli are components of a mammalian signalling pathway that has been conserved during evolution and which has a central role in the control of pattern formation and cellular proliferation during development. Here we identify the human Suppressor-of-Fused (SUFUH) complementary DNA and show that the gene product interacts physically with the transcriptional effector GLI-1, can sequester GLI-1 in the cytoplasm, but can also interact with GLI-1 on DNA. Functionally, SUFUH inhibits transcriptional activation by GLI-1, as well as osteogenic differentiation in response to signalling from Sonic hedgehog. Localization of GLI-1 is influenced by the presence of a nuclear-export signal, and GLI-1 becomes constitutively nuclear when this signal is mutated or nuclear export is inhibited. These results show that SUFUH is a conserved negative regulator of GLI-1 signalling that may affect nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of GLI-1 or the activity of GLI-1 in the nucleus and thereby modulate cellular responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A phase I study of paclitaxel for mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells.

We conducted a phase I trial to determine the dose and schedule of paclitaxel, when given together with filgrastim, which would optimally promote mobilization of stem cells with tolerable toxicity. Dose escalation began at 275 mg/m2 3 h infusion. Dose-limiting neuropathy was observed at the 300 mg/m2 dose level. A second dose escalation was conducted utilizing 24 h infusion schedules, beginning at 225 mg/m2. Dose escalation was continued by 25 mg/m2 increments to 300 mg/m2, at which dose neuropathy was again dose-limiting. The recommended dose and schedule of paclitaxel for the purpose of mobilization of stem cells, when given together with filgrastim, are 275 mg/m2 as a 24 h infusion. The median stem cell yield after this dose of paclitaxel was 6.6 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg/apheresis (range 3.6 x 10(6)-7.7 x 10(6)).

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The superposition of a temporally incoherent magnetic field inhibits 60 Hz-induced changes in the ODC activity of developing chick embryos.

Previously, we have shown that the application of a weak (4 microT) 60 Hz magnetic field (MF) can alter the magnitudes of the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity peaks which occur during gastrulation and neurulation of chick embryos. We report here the ODC activity of chick embryos which were exposed to the superposition of a weak noise MF over a 60 Hz MF of equal (rms strength). In contrast to the results we obtain with a 60 Hz field alone, the activity of ODC in embryos exposed to the superposition of the incoherent and 60 Hz fields was indistinguishable from the control activity during both gastrulation and neurulation. This result adds to the body of experimental evidence which demonstrates that the superposition of an incoherent field inhibits the response of biological systems to a coherent MF. The observation that a noise field inhibits ODC activity changes is consistent with our speculation that MF-induced ODC activity changes during early development may be related to MF-induced neural tube defects at slightly later stages (which are also inhibited by the superposition of a noise field).

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Endovascular stents in arterial injury after radiotherapy.

We evaluated preliminary success and patency of stenting for the treatment of radiation-induced arterial diseases. Thirteen stents were placed in 8 patients to treat occlusion (n = 3), aneurysm (n = 1), residual stenosis (n = 2), multiple stenoses (n = 1), and delayed restenosis after previous balloon angioplasty (n = 1). Interventional procedure was successfully performed in 8 patients for their arterial lesions after radiotherapy. Six patients underwent interventional procedure once or twice. Two patients underwent PTA 4 times. Five of these patients demonstrated primary patency with relief of clinical symptoms with a mean follow-up of 2 years (range: 8-60 months). Clinical improvement was noted in the other patients. Our results suggest that stent placement by single or multiple techniques may have immediate effect on arterial lesions caused by radiation and can be considered as a therapeutic option of choice in these cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Percutaneous ethanol injection into parathyroid adenomas: mid- and long-term results.

The aim of this study was to evaluate mid- and long-term results of ultrasonically guided ethanol injection into parathyroid adenomas. From 1988 to 1996, 27 patients (mean age 77 +/- 13 years) were treated for parathyroid adenomas by percutaneous ethanol injection. The survey included clinical information, plasma calcium, phosphorus and PTH (1-84) evaluation. Follow-up lasted 22.6 +/- 10 months. No major complications were observed for 63 ethanol injections. Biochemical recovery was 58%, biochemical improvement at 3 months was 33%, and failure was 7%. Four of 15 cured patients presented a recurrence of the disease 1 or 2 years after the first treatment. Ultrasonically guided ethanol injection can be useful in the treatment of parathyroid adenomas when surgery is not possible. The immediate results are interesting but not as good as those obtained with surgery. A regular biochemical survey is necessary so that recurrences can be recognized and treated at an early stage.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

[Concomitant manifestation of ochronosis and chronic polyarthritis in a patient].

Ochronosis is rare disorder of tyrosin catabolism with an autosomal, recessive trait. Clinical signs predominantly affect the locomotor system. Inflammatory episodes in large joints can mimick Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Brownish discoloration of sclerae and cartilage is characteristic, diagnosis is confirmed by typical changes of spinal X-rays and the findings of homogentisic acid in urine samples. We describe a case of a 53 year old female patient with ochronosis and a second diagnosis of RA.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1998

Population genetic data of the STR HumD3S1358 in two regions of Germany.

This report gives the results of two population studies on HumD3S1358 from a northern and a southern region of Germany. The numbers of unrelated individuals were 326 and 666, respectively and seven main alleles, three rare allelic variants and 29 different genotypes were encountered. No significant statistical differences were seen between the northern and southern populations. The HumD3S1358 allele distributions were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg expectations and two mutations were found in 780 meiotic events.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

High-dose chemotherapy followed by reinfusion of selected CD34+ peripheral blood cells in patients with poor-prognosis breast cancer: a randomized multicentre study.

Seventy-one patients with poor-prognosis breast cancer were enrolled after informed consent in a multicentre randomized study to evaluate the use of selected peripheral blood CD34+ cells to support haematopoietic recovery following high-dose chemotherapy. Patients who responded to conventional chemotherapy were mobilized with chemotherapy (mainly high-dose cyclophosphamide) and/or recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). Patients who reached the threshold of 20 CD34+ cells per microl of peripheral blood underwent apheresis and were randomized at that time to receive either unmanipulated mobilized blood cells or selected CD34+ cells. For patients in the study arm, CD34+ cells were selected from aphereses using the Isolex300 device. Fifteen patients failed to mobilize peripheral blood progenitors and nine other patients were excluded for various reasons. Forty-seven eligible patients were randomized into two comparable groups. CD34+ cells were selected from aphereses in the study group. Haematopoietic recovery occurred at similar times in both groups. No side-effect related to the infusion of selected cells was observed. The frequency of epithelial tumour cells in aphereses was low (8 out of 42 evaluated patients), as determined by immunocytochemistry. We conclude that selected CD34+ cells safely support haematopoietic recovery following high-dose chemotherapy in patients with poor-prognosis breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The comparative effects of nitrogen and oxygen on the microflora of beef steaks in carbon dioxide-containing modified atmosphere vacuum skin-packaging (MA-VSP) systems.

The effects of 80% oxygen-20% carbon dioxide (O2-CO2) and 80% nitrogen-20% carbon dioxide (N2-CO2) atmospheres were compared with respect to the microbial and sensory characteristics of vacuum skin-packaged grain-fed beef steaks stored at -1 and 4 degrees C. In both N2-CO2 and O2-CO2 atmospheres, lactobacilli were predominant over Brochothrix, pseudomonads, enterobacteria and yeasts and moulds. The results of the current investigation showed that the O2-CO2 atmospheres did not yield total viable counts in excess of 10(5) cfu cm-2 on beef steaks after 4 weeks of storage. However, the sensory analysis and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values (as a measure of oxidative rancidity) of the products were unacceptable at this time. In contrast, the N2-CO2 atmospheres yielded maximum total viable counts of approximately 10(7) cfu cm-2 and the sensory analysis and TBA values of the product were judged to be acceptable after 4 weeks of storage at -1 degree C. These results indicate that sensory effects of the product were influenced to a greater extent by the chemical effects of high concentration of O2 on rancidity than by the high levels of lactobacilli.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Regulation of a blood-brain barrier-specific enzyme expressed by cerebral pericytes (pericytic aminopeptidase N/pAPN) under cell culture conditions.

In this study we show that the aminopeptidase N of cerebral pericytes (pAPN) associated with the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is downregulated in pericytic cell cultures. This observation is in accordance with previous data describing comparable in vitro effects for BBB-specific enzymes of endothelial or pericytic origin, such as gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase or alkaline phosphatase. By polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization we were able to determine that the down-regulation of pAPN occurs at the posttranscriptional level. The mRNA of pAPN was found to be constitutively expressed even when the protein is no longer detectable. Culturing the pericytes in an endothelial cell-conditioned medium allowed pAPN to be reexpressed. However, the reexpression effect depended largely on the culturing conditions of the pericytes. Although purified pericytes deprived of endothelial cells did not reveal a reexpression effect, pericytes that were kept in contact with endothelial cells were able to acquire a pAPN-positive phenotype, indicating that endothelial cells constitute an essential requirement for the in vitro reexpression of pAPN. Astrocytes, however, were insufficient in exerting any reexpression effect.

Animals↗