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Biomedical subjects

D Klein

Publications and source records attributed to D Klein.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Familial cancer syndrome studies in 4 generations of a family].

An account is given of a family from the Canton of Valais suffering from hereditary adenocarcinomatosis. The pedigree extends over four generations; the first three comprised 47 individuals (28 males, 19 females), of whom 21 (16 males and 5 females), i.e. 44.6%, have malignant tumors. Of the 32 people in the fourth generation, only one individual is affected to date (a girl age 21, IV/4). There were 27 tumors in all: 16 adenocarcinomas of the colon, two gastric adenocarcinomas, one duodenal adenocarcinoma, one rectal adenocarcinoma, one papillary carcinoma of the ovary, one osseous sarcoma, one cutaneous fibrosarcoma, a multiform glioblastoma of the basal nuclei of the brain, a basocellular epithelioma, a cerebral metastasis from an adenocarcinoma, the origine of which has not been established, and a tumor invading the biliary tract. Three members of the family had multiple tumors. In three of the patient the colonic adenocarcinoma was accompanied by one or two polyps. The average age at onset for all tumors was 45 years. It was definitely lower in the third than the second generation (anticipation). The transmission was autosomal dominant, with predilection for the male sex (57.1% male and 26.3% female patients). The penetrance was about 80%. Finally, the diagnostic criteria for hereditary adenocarcinoma are discussed and the different familial forms of cancer are reviewed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

[Triple Philadelphia chromosome during blastic crisis of a chronic myelocytic leukemia].

The blastic phase of a Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is often characterized by hyperdiploidy and sometimes by the presence of a double Ph1, suggesting a pattern of clonal evoluation. In the case reported here, the caryotype at the time of diagnosis in 1970 was 46, XY, Ph1. In 1975, after a blastic evolution followed by a drug-induced hematologic remission, cytogenetic studies revealed a chromosomal mosaic: 47, XY, 2 Ph1 and 51, XY, 3 Ph1, 3 C, the clone with 3 Ph1 representing approximately 20% of the mitotic cells. Furthermore, with the Giemsa banding technique, it was possible to identify the 3 supplementary C chromosomes of the 51 chromosomes clone, as being an 8, a 9 and 9 q + respectively. This observation illustrates the succession of chromosomal anomalies occurring during the evolution of CML with, in this case, the unusual appearance of a clone with 3 Ph1.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Teaching the behavioural sciences to medical students: some observations on Australia.

Despite a climate generally favourable to the teaching of the behavioural sciences, many Australian medical school programmes seem to be hampered by the lack of trained faculty teachers and demographic and epidemiological data. Consequently, they teach what is feasible rather than what is relevant. The persistence of this trend will inhibit programme modification toward greater relevance.

Australia↗
PubMed1976

Immunotherapy for accessible tumors utilizing delayed hypersensitivity reactions and separated components of the immune system.

Courses of repeated delayed hypersensitivity challenge reactions at the sites of tumors have been shown to eradicate malignant and premalignant epidermal neoplasms. Local immunotherapy produces therapeutic responses in malignant and premalignant lesions before they are clinically detectable. This leads to a reduced incidence and prevention of tumors. Immunotherapeutic approaches are effective in controlling the early stages of mycosis fungoides and may aid in the management of the cutaneous manifestations in the late stages of the disease. Immunotherapeutic methods induce regressions of soft tissue lesions of a number of multifocal or metastatic malignant diseases with or without concurrent chemotherapy. Immunotherapeutic effects on tumors are similar with primary and recall antigens. Separated components of the cell-mediated immune system induce regressions of tumors following intralesional or perilesional administration, indicating common factors in host defenses against malignant diseases.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1976

In vitro susceptibility comparisons and recommendations for oxolinic acid.

Minimal inhibitory concentration and disk diffusion susceptibility studies were carried out with oxolinic acid to determine a recommended disk content for disk susceptibility testing. Regression curve analyses were performed with disks containing 1, 2, and 5 mug of oxolinic acid. Data suggest that the 5-mug disk more satisfactorily fulfills requirements for susceptibility testing than the 1- or 2-mug disks evaluated. Ultraviolet spectral analysis studies for absorption maxima and extinction coefficients were done to verify the authenticity and concentration of oxolinic acid in the aqueous solutions studied.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1976

[Nitrosamines. Review].

Nitrosamines are an extremely carcinogenic class of compounds. The hasard, bound with the occurrence of this compounds in the food and the possibility to be formed in vivo, during the digestion, justifies the current works. The authors quoting numerous works on different laboratory's animals, remind the toxicity. and carcinogenicity of this compounds. The metabolism is also discussed. The N-nitroso, compounds may be formed in food from the presence of the precursors (nitrite or nitrate, amines and amino-acides). The synthesis takes place during the technological processes, the storage and the house cooking. Today, the marginal effect dose is estimated as 10 mug/kg of daily food. The carcinogenicity has not been demonstrated in human, but is strongly suspected. The amount of N-nitroso compounds in human food is generally low. Many factors can influence the reaction; it is inversely related to the basicity of secondary amine and optimum pH is around pH 4. A lot of compounds such as sodium ascorbate inhibit the synthesis in food. A number of recent reports using reliable methodology have identified nitrosamines at the lower part per billion level. Dimethyl-nitrosamines occurs, very sporadically in a number of cooked meat samples. The nitrosopyrrolidine appears frequently in fried but not in uncooked products. The nitrosopiperidine seems to be bind with the presence of pepper in food. Finally the presence of nitrosamides (nitrososarcosine) and nitrosoaminoacides (nitrosoproline, nitrosohydroxy-proline) is being quested. The N-nitroso compounds may be synthetized in vivo during the digestion at the acide medium of the stomach or by bacterial action during the transit in the gut...

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

[A clinical and cytogenetic investigation carried out in a special institution for mentally retarded patients: preliminary results concerning 82 cases of oligophrenia (author's transl)].

A clinical and cytogenetic investigation carried out in a special institution for mentally retarded patients revealed 82 cases of oligophrenia, amongst whom were found 56 normal karyotypes (68.3%). Out of 25 karyotypes with chromosome anomalies or variants there were 18 cases of trisomy 21 and 7 others: one case of mosaicism with balanced translocation, 46,XX/46,XX,6p+,17q-; one case of partial trisomy, 46,XX,11q+; one case of pericentric inversion, 46,XY,inv(1) (p13,q21); one case with 8% chromosome breaks; three cases of marker chromosomes, of which one was of karyotype 46,XX,1qh+, and two (oligophrenic sisters) 46,XX,21p+. Moreover, there was an interesting case of testicular feminisation in a 9-year-old girl with karyotype 46,XY. The authors' results corroborate those obtained in several important previous studies based on much larger numbers of patients. Amongst the 56 cases where the karyotype was shown to be normal, there were 15 for whom a probably exogenic cause of the oligophrenia could be established, occurring mainly during the perinatal period. The authors were also able to confirm that the genetic factor plays an important role in the incidence of mental retardation, since in 22 examined patients, i.e. 26.8% of all cases, the condition was of familial type. Some interesting observations of idiopathic oligophrenia are reported, as well as several cases with well-known syndromes (Crouzon's and Cornelia de Lange's syndromes, hypothyroidism). Two cases of incest between father and daughter, which had produced children with serious oligophrenia associated, in one case, with deaf-mutism, microphthalmia, microcephaly and sclerocornea, are also discussed. The data show that mental retardation can frequently have a genetic cause, either of mendelian, chromosomal or multifactorial origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Cytogenetic and statistical study of a group of patients treated with butazolidine (phenylbutazone)].

The authors studied a group of 16 patients suffering from rheumatic diseases, who were being treated with Butazolidine (Phenylbutazone). The control cases were divided into two groups: one consisted of six patients who were suffering from the same chronic rheumatic diseases, but who were being treated with other drugs; the other group consisted of 15 normal persons whose age and sex corresponded, more or less, with those of the group of patients treated with Butazolidine. A chromosomal examination of the lymphocytes of the peripheral blood was carried out on the 16 patients and the 21 persons not being treated with Butazolidine. A comparison of the karyotypes of all the individuals studied showed no significant difference in the number of breakages between the three groups. Statistical analysis confirmed that the differences in the percentages of chromosomal damage were not significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Concordant deuteranomaly in monozygotic twin sisters (author's transl)].

Colorblind twin sisters were born from the marriage of a hemizygote with a carrier for colorblindness. The proof of monozygosity is given by the blood-group typing and the dermatoglyphs. The deuteranomaly is of the same degree in each but is more marked in one of the sisters. The mother has none of the microsymptoms sometimes found in carriers.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Formation of nitrosamines in the digestive tract].

Nitrosamines are carcinogenic compounds synthetized from amines and nitrites or nitrates, if nitrates in the reaction medium may be reduced to nitrites. Nitrosation is determined in the digestive tract of several species of laboratory animals. Two physiochemical factors appear to determine in vitro nitrosamine formation: the type of amine and the medium pH. The property of secondary amines to nitrosate is inversely related to amine basicity (checked in vivo), and it increases with the medium acidity. In vitro studies show that different types of bacteria can, even at neutral pH, catalyze nitroamine formation from their precursors. However, the role of digestive tract microbial flora in nitrosamine synthesis in the gut cannot be affirmed due to lack of in vivo studies.

Amines↗