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Biomedical subjects

D Klein

Publications and source records attributed to D Klein.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Achieving sex education program outcomes: points of view from students and alumni.

Several inherent limitations to secondary school sex education program evaluations are: limited generalizability, lack of longitudinal research, and no clear consensus of program outcomes. With a Bureau of Health Education, Center for Disease Control study as the criterion for program outcomes, a study was undertaken to examine the immediate and long-term impact of sex education upon program participants. Two of the 20 schools in the CDC study identified as having exemplary sex education programs provided access to their students and alumni. Inventories which measured perceived achievement of 33 sex education outcomes were piloted for reliability and validity. Each inventory examined participant changes in knowledge, understanding of self, values, interaction skills, self-esteem, and fear of sex-related activities. Students were surveyed in school; alumni were surveyed through the mail. Response rates ranged from 30 to 100 percent for students and alumni at both schools. Overall there was no statistically significant difference between the perceptions of students and alumni as to achievement of investigated outcomes. Alumni responses at one school did, however, indicate some potentially weak areas of their school's program with respect to values and interaction skills outcomes. It appears that program impact may decrease with time. Thus, isolating and addressing the factors involved may be necessary. This would assist program planners and instructors to strengthen curricula and program activities in order to enhance the overall impact of sex education. The present study supports the notion that positive gains are achieved as a result of each school's sex education program, and these gains remained over time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Determination of plasma tocopherols using high performance liquid chromatography].

The authors describe an analytical method for the determination of plasma vitamin E by high performance liquid chromatography. 100 microliters of plasma are added to en ethanol-hexane mixture in presence of ascorbic acid. The hexan phase is concentrated and 50 microliters are injected directly into the chromatography in a silica gel column. The detector is set at 280 nm. The very low quantity of plasma required for the determination makes this method very useful in neonatal medicine.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1982

Delta 2- and delta 3-cephalosporins, penicillinate and 6-unsubstituted penems. Intrinsic reactivity and interaction with beta-lactamases and D-alanyl-D-alanine-cleaving serine peptidases.

The intrinsic reactivity of delta 2- and delta 3-deacetoxy-7-phenylacetamidocephalosporanates, penicillanate, unsubstituted, 2-methyl- and 2-phenyl-penems and other beta-lactam antibiotics has been expressed in terms of the second-order rate constant (M-1.s-1(OH-)) for the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam amide bond by OH- at 37 degrees C. The values thus obtained have been compared with the second-order rate constants (M-1.s-1(enzyme) for the opening of the same beta-lactam amide bond during interaction with the beta-lactamases of Streptomyces albus G and Actinomadura R39 and the D-alanyl-D-alanine-cleaving serine peptidases of Streptomyces R61 and Actinomadura R39. Depending on the cases, the accelerating effect due to enzyme action and expressed by the ratio M-1.s-1(enzyme)/M-1.s-1(OH) varies from less than 2 to more than 1 x 10(6). The primary parameter that governs enzyme action is the goodness of fit of the beta-lactam molecule to the enzyme cavity rather than its intrinsic reactivity. With the D-alanyl-D-alanine-cleaving serine peptidases, the three penems studied form intermediate complexes characterized by very short half lives of 14-100 s, values significantly lower than those exhibited by most beta-lactam compounds.

Actinomycetaceae↗
PubMed1982

Upper limb involvement in the Klein-Waardenburg syndrome.

Upper limb involvement in the Klein--Waardenburg (K--W) syndrome is documented in two affected sibs and in four other previously reported patients. In addition to the key facial and auditory findings observed in the Waardenburg syndrome type I, these patients have such bilateral upper limb defects as hypoplasia of the musculoskeletal system, flexion contractures, fusion of the carpal bones, and syndactyly. The cause of the K--W syndrome is not known although there is some evidence for autosomal dominant inheritance, but further documentation is needed before this can be considered conclusive.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1982

Pseudo-inflammatory chorioretinal degeneration of the posterior pole. Study of a family of four affected generations, associated with tapetoretinal amaurosis (Leber) in the fifth generation.

A description is given of a large family in which a particular form of posterior pole dystrophy occurs, but in which (except for one 21-year-old patient) no symptoms occur before the age of forty. Although it is of dominant transmission through four generations with a high degree of penetrance, slight forms do occur. The disease evolves in 2-4 years and in serious cases there is total loss of the central vision. Peripheral vision is conserved, so that affected patients are never entirely disabled and dependent. Early or slight cases may be precociously detected by angiography or sensitive functional tests (EOG, VER, and perhaps colour vision). The rapid evolution is due to exudative or haemorrhagic phenomena. This observation corresponds with the description of the disease individualized by Sorsby (pseudo-inflammatory posterior pole dystrophy) and is related to colloid degeneration. In the fifth generation a case of Leber's congenital amaurosis occurs, which is difficult to relate to the late posterior pole dystrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The minimal length of the differential segment in H-2 congenic lines.

One hundred and four H-2 congenic lines were typed for alleles at seven loci, Qa-1, Qa-2, Tla, C3, Ce-2, Pgk-2, and Upg-1, residing distal to the H-2 complex. The results of the typing were used to estimate the length of the segment of chromosome 17 derived from the donor strain of each line--that is, the minimal length of the differential segment. The results indicate that only lines derived by intra-H-2 crossing-over in such a way that they inherited the right-hand portion of H-2 from the inbred partner have the telomeric half of chromosome 17 identical with that of the inbred-partner strain. In other lines the differential segment is at least 3 to 10 cM long. It is argued that in some lines the entire telomeric half of chromosome 17 might be of donor-strain origin.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Patient characteristics negatively stereotyped by doctors.

A variety of studies demonstrate the existence of prejudice in the manner and content of health care delivery. Alcoholics, attempted suicides, drug addicts, prostitutes, the mentally retarded or mentally ill, the aged and women have been found to receive less adequate health care. Previous studies have identified manifestations of prejudice in health care delivery but have generally failed to determine the prevalence of negative stereotypes in a sample comprising a cross section of medical practitioners. This study reviews the negative patient stereotypes reported by 2421 Victorian (Australia) and Michigan (U.S.A.) doctors. The characteristics of patients so stereotyped are found to be remarkably consistent. The most commonly held negative stereotypes (patients who abuse alcohol, unhygienic patients, abusive patients, substance abusers and those with minor mental disorders) appear to be determined by the social values which prevail in our society. Many negative stereotypes appear to reflect a response to patients who deviate from the sick role. Other stereotypes may involve reactions to patients or to the types of problems which raise important therapeutic dilemmas.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of whole blood osmolality.

When plasma osmolality exceeds 350 milliosmoles per kilogram of plasma water during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, a disproportionate increase in mortality is observed. The increase of plasma osmolality is in part related to the administration of sodium bicarbonate. If iatrogenic risks of alkali therapy are to be minimized, repetitive measurements of plasma osmolality are advised. Therefore, the authors investigated a rapid method for determining osmolality, in which whole blood rather than plasma was utilized, thereby obviating the time required for erythrocyte separation. This study demonstrated that the difference between osmolality measured on whole blood and that measured on plasma were comparable to duplicate measurements of osmolality on plasma. The authors conclude that osmolality measured on whole blood serves as a reliable and accurate estimate of plasma osmolality.

Blood↗