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Biomedical subjects

D Kennedy

Publications and source records attributed to D Kennedy.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Hemoptysis in a 49-year-old man. An unusual presentation of a sporadic disease.

Although amebiasis is prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas, it occurs sporadically in the United States. Pleuropulmonary involvement is seen in about 20 percent of the patients with amebic liver abscesses. We describe a patient with pleuropulmonary amebiasis who complained of hemoptysis but had no gastrointestinal symptoms. This rather unusual presentation caused a considerable delay in securing the diagnosis.

Entamoebiasis↗
PubMed1990

The principal axes transformation--a method for image registration.

We have developed a computational technique suitable for registration of sets of image data covering the whole brain volume which are translated and rotated with respect to one another. The same computational method may be used to register pairs of tomographic brain images which are rotated and translated in the transverse section plane. The technique is based on the classical theory of rigid bodies, employing as its basis the principal axes transformation. The performance of the method was studied by simulation and with image data from PET, XCT, and MRI. It was found that random errors in determining the brain contour are well tolerated. Progressively coarser axial sampling of data sets led to some degradation, but acceptable performance was obtained with axial sampling distances up to 10 mm. Given adequate digital sampling of the object volume, we conclude that registration by the principal axes transformation can be accomplished with typical errors in the range of approximately 1 mm. The advantages of the technique are simplicity and speed of computation.

Brain↗
PubMed1989

Identification of the cystic fibrosis gene: chromosome walking and jumping.

An understanding of the basic defect in the inherited disorder cystic fibrosis requires cloning of the cystic fibrosis gene and definition of its protein product. In the absence of direct functional information, chromosomal map position is a guide for locating the gene. Chromosome walking and jumping and complementary DNA hybridization were used to isolate DNA sequences, encompassing more than 500,000 base pairs, from the cystic fibrosis region on the long arm of human chromosome 7. Several transcribed sequences and conserved segments were identified in this cloned region. One of these corresponds to the cystic fibrosis gene and spans approximately 250,000 base pairs of genomic DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Bedside blood gas and electrolyte monitoring in critically ill patients.

A major advantage of near-patient testing is time savings that facilitate important diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. Recent technologic advances have made available a number of systems that allow for near-patient testing. The reliability of these instruments must be validated in the clinical setting in the hands of their intended users. We evaluated the Gemstat blood gas, electrolyte, and Hct portable analyzer in the critical care setting when used by numerous individuals with no previous laboratory training. Blood gas, Na, K, and Hct results were highly correlated with those from the clinical laboratories (PaO2, r = .96; PaCO2, r = .92, pH, r = .96; Na, r = .93; K, r = .95; Hct, r = .91). The Gemstat represents a new generation of portable, rapid, safe, and accurate instruments that are well suited for ICU settings. The instrument can facilitate clinical management of patients, and may improve patient care.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1989

Neurological features of HIV-related disease in Glasgow.

The neurological features of 10 patients with HIV-related disease seen in Glasgow between July 1984 and May 1988 are described. Two of these patients presented with ARC and eight with AIDS. Six patients showed features consistent with a diagnosis of AIDS-dementia complex, one had cerebral toxoplasmosis, one had CNS lymphoma, one had a probable drug-induced encephalopathy and one patient had a meningoencephalitis of undetermined cause. Seven of these patients have now died. The implications of these findings are discussed.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1988

Phase I study of a murine monoclonal anti-lipid A antibody in bacteremic and nonbacteremic patients.

Nine patients with suspected gram-negative bacterial sepsis were studied to determine the safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of XMMEN-0E5, a murine immunoglobulin M monoclonal antibody directed against the core lipid A region of bacterial endotoxin. Antibody was administered by single intravenous infusion of 1 to 4 h duration at doses ranging from 0.1 to 15 mg/kg. Five patients had positive blood cultures for gram-negative bacteria, one patient had Torulopsis septicemia, one patient had gram-negative bacterial meningitis, and two patients were culture negative. No evidence of antibody-mediated toxicity was observed at any dose level. The serum half-life of the antibody was approximately 10 h at doses of 0.1 to 7.5 mg/kg and approximately 18 h at a dose of 15 mg/kg. No apparent difference in clearance of antibody was observed between bacteremic and nonbacteremic patients. Human anti-mouse antibodies were detected in the sera of three evaluable patients that received doses equal to or greater than 2.0 mg/kg but not in patients that received lower doses of antibody. This study demonstrates that XMMEN-0E5 is well tolerated at doses from 0.1 to 15 mg/kg and may be immunogenic at doses of 2.0 mg/kg and above. Controlled trials to establish the efficacy of this antibody in the treatment of gram-negative bacteremia are indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Identification and regional localization of DNA markers on chromosome 7 for the cloning of the cystic fibrosis gene.

To facilitate mapping of the cystic fibrosis locus (CF) and to isolate the corresponding gene, we have screened a flow-sorted chromosome 7-specific library for additional DNA markers in the 7q31-q32 region. Unique ("single-copy") DNA segments were selected from the library and used in hybridization analysis with a panel of somatic cell hybrids containing various portions of human chromosome 7 and patient cell lines with deletion of this chromosome. A total of 258 chromosome 7-specific single-copy DNA segments were identified, and most of them localized to subregions. Fifty three of these corresponded to DNA sequences in the 7q31-q32 region. Family and physical mapping studies showed that two of the DNA markers, D7S122 and D7S340, are in close linkage with CF. The data also showed that D7S122 and D7S340 map between MET and D7S8, the two genetic markers known to be on opposite sides of CF. The study thus reaffirms the general strategy in approaching a disease locus on the basis of chromosome location.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Perceptions of conventional war: late adolescents' views.

Late adolescents' views concerning conventional war were assessed in order to better understand the thinking of today's youth and to compare their views with those of early adolescents previously reported in the literature. Three hundred ninety-nine college undergraduates from two universities were surveyed regarding conventional warfare in general and United States military involvement in Latin America specifically. Results suggest that attitudes toward war were related to sex, socioeconomic status, and political affiliation. Although two-thirds of the respondents believed wars were sometimes needed, there was little support for United States military involvement in Latin America and much skepticism of President Reagan's honesty on the issue. Overall, late adolescents' views were less positive and less extreme than were those of early adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Adolescents' views of intimacy: distinguishing intimate from nonintimate relationships.

Two hundred seventy-seven late adolescents were questioned regarding what they believed differentiated an intimate from a nonintimate relationship. Adolescents' responses supported Erickson's (1963) view of intimacy as being characterized by openness, sharing, and trust, with only minimal differences occurring between the sexes, and relative to current dating/relationship status. Their expressed views varied from Erickson's, however, as they included physical/sexual interaction as a critical component. An additional difference was the relatively few students who included self-abandonment and commitment as necessary elements of an intimate relationship. Explanations for these differences are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Linkage of cystic fibrosis to the pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene, COL1A2, on chromosome 7.

A linkage has been detected between the locus for cystic fibrosis (CF) and the pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene (COL1A2) which is located in the region q21.3----q22.1 of chromosome 7. Based on the combined linkage data derived from 50 informative two-generation nuclear families collected in Canada and Denmark, the distance between COL1A2 and CF is estimated to be 19 centiMorgans. Close linkage has also been detected between COL1A2 and the DNA marker D7S15 (formerly D0CRI-917) and the serum enzyme activity marker paraoxonase (PON), both of which have previously been found linked to CF. The results of the two-point and three-point linkage analyses indicate that the most probable order of these four genetic loci is COL1A2-D7S15 - PON - CF.

Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X↗
PubMed1985

Cystic fibrosis locus defined by a genetically linked polymorphic DNA marker.

A polymorphic DNA marker has been found genetically linked, in a set of 39 human families, to an autosomal recessive gene that causes cystic fibrosis (CF), a disease affecting one in 2000 Caucasian children. The DNA marker (called D0CRI-917) is also linked to the PON locus, which by independent evidence is linked to the CF locus. The best estimates of the genetic distances are 5 centimorgans between the DNA marker and PON and 15 centimorgans between the DNA marker and the CF locus, meaning that the location of the disease gene has been narrowed to about 1 percent of the human genome (about 30 million base pairs). Although the data are consistent with the interpretation that a single locus causes cystic fibrosis, the possibility of genetic heterogeneity remains. The discovery of a linked DNA polymorphism is the first step in molecular analysis of the CF gene and its causative role in the disease.

Aryldialkylphosphatase↗
PubMed1985

Government policies and the cost of doing research.

The changes in the political economy of science are the natural outcome of two trends: science itself has become a more capital-intensive activity at the same time that federal support for research programs has slowed its growth. The results of the accumulating shortfall in the capital base for university research--increased seeking of support from private industry, efforts to circumvent peer review and competitive allocation, and a falling-out between institutions and investigators over how to divide up available resources--threaten to unravel what has been an extraordinary way of doing science.

Academies and Institutes↗