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Biomedical subjects

D Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to D Kelly.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy in children: a report of six cases.

Although anthracycline antibiotics are among the most useful chemotherapy agents, the risk of producing cardiomyopathy and the absence of a reliable noninvasive technique to predict subclinical cardiomyopathy remain a major problem. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with anthracyclines over a 5-year period. Cardiomyopathy developed in 6 of 112 patients (5.3%) treated with anthracyclines and was fatal in 5 of the 6 patients. Our incidence and mortality rates are higher than those previously reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Urinary tract anomalies in patients with hypospadias.

Fifty-five patients with hypospadias were reviewed. Intravenous urography was carried out on 80%. The incidence of upper urinary tract anomalies was 22%. This was independent of the severity of the hypospadias. Patients with hypospadias and undescended testis were reviewed as a separate group. The incidence of upper urinary tract anomaly here was 31%. Again, the incidence was not influenced by the severity of the hypospadias. None of the upper urinary tract anomalies required surgical intervention. It is concluded that routine IVU is not indicated in all cases of hypospadias.

Cryptorchidism↗
PubMed1984

Sudden infant death syndrome: abnormalities in short term fluctuations in heart rate and respiratory activity.

In order to test the hypothesis that a defect in cardiorespiratory regulation contributes to death of infants from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), we analyzed the power spectra of heart rate and respiratory activity during 256-sec epochs of quiet sleep. Data were obtained from pneumogram recordings performed for 12 h at night on eight infants who subsequently died from SIDS and 22 age-matched control infants. We computed the heart rate and respiratory power spectra from a single epoch on each infant using an algorithm developed for an 8085 microprocessor system dedicated to this investigation. There was no statistically significant difference between SIDS and controls based on mean respiratory and heart rates. Spectral analysis revealed enhancement of low frequency power in the 0.02 to 0.1 Hz band in the heart rate power spectrum in the SIDS group compared to control (p less than 0.002) and dispersion in respiratory frequency as determined by the respiratory band width (p less than 0.00001). These data suggest that a predisposition to SIDS manifests itself in an abnormal pattern of fluctuations in heart rate and respiratory activity.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Early death in acute leukemia in children.

Therapy for acute leukemia in children has improved dramatically in recent years so that early death is rare. A subset of patients with extreme elevation of the WBC at diagnosis have been noted to have a higher rate of early death. We reviewed our experience with acute leukemia in children retrospectively over a 10 year period to assess the incidence and outcome of this problem. Nine early deaths occurred in a total of 185 cases (4.9%). One hundred and sixty patients presented with WBC less than 100,000/mm3 at diagnosis and four (2.5%) early deaths occurred. Twenty-five patients presented with WBC greater than 100,000/mm3 at diagnosis and five (20%) early deaths occurred (p less than 0.001). While early death in acute leukemia in children is uncommon (4.9%), patients with extremely elevated WBC at diagnosis have a significantly higher risk of early death.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Metabolic activation of cytochrome P-450/P-448 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The strains D6 and JD1 of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used to assay the genetic activity of several compounds, benzo[a]pyrene, 15,16-dihydro-11-methyl-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one, 2-naphthylamine and cyclophosphamide, which require metabolic activation by cytochromes P-450 and P-448 to produce genetically active chemical species. Cells from both strains were harvested from cultures grown in low concentrations of glucose and switched to growth in high glucose containing media. Treatments under these conditions resulted in increased sensitivity of the test systems without the presence of an exogenous S9 mix and the presence of S9 was found not to enhance this sensitivity. The yeasts used under these treatment conditions showed a P-450/P-448 type metabolism.

2-Naphthylamine↗
PubMed1983

Tinea Pedis caused by Trichophyton violaceum.

This, to authors' knowledge, is the first report in the United States of Tinea pedis caused by Trichophyton violaceum in a recent Southeast Asian immigrant. Because of the recent entry into this country of refugees from an area of the world where T. violaceum is endemic, this anthropophilic dermatophyte may become a significant cause of dermatophytosis in the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Sensitivity and specificity of M mode echocardiographic signs of mitral valve prolapse.

To assess the sensitivity and specificity of previously described M mode echocardiographic signs of mitral valve prolapse, 100 subjects with a mobile mid systolic click and 100 matched normal control subjects were prospectively studied. Late systolic posterior motion and holosystolic hammocking of the mitral leaflets were common, highly specific signs of mitral valve prolapse. When these signs were combined as a single criterion, sensitivity was 85 percent and specificity was 99 percent. Other signs, including systolic echoes in the mid left atrium, systolic anterior motion, early diastolic anterior motion of the posterior mitral leaflet and shaggy or heavy cascading linear diastolic echoes posterior to the mitral valve, were highly specific but uncommon. They occurred only in combination with late systolic posterior motion or holosystolic hammocking. The remaining signs tested did not differentiate subjects with mitral valve prolapse from normal persons.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Increased left ventricular mass in idiopathic mitral valve prolapse.

We performed M-mode echocardiography on 100 subjects with idiopathic mitral valve prolapse (IMVP) and on 100 normal control subjects to determine if differences exist between the two groups in cardiac chamber size, left ventricular performance or left ventricular mass. Subjects with IMVP demonstrated significantly greater left ventricular mass than normal control subjects. There were no significant differences in fractional shortening of the left ventricle or left ventricular end-diastolic volume. There was no significant difference in left ventricular mass between asymptomatic subjects with IMVP and those with chest pain, palpitations, syncope or presyncope. Subjects with and without mitral regurgitation showed no significant difference in mass. The results indicate that subjects with IMVP demonstrate subtle left ventricular hypertrophy which does not appear to be caused by underlying organic heart disease, mitral regurgitation or sustained hypercontractility. This suggests that myocardial involvement is an integral part of the IMVP syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Eosinophilic granuloma of the palatal mucosa in a nine-week-old infant.

Histiocytosis commonly presents as a disseminated disease in children under one year of age and is rare in infants less than three months of age. This case describes a nine-week-old infant with unifocal eosinophilic granuloma without bone involvement. One year after surgical excision the child is free of disease by roentgenographic and laboratory studies and is growing and developing normally. Thus our patient demonstrates several unique features, which include a young age at presentation without disease dissemination and an unusual site of tissue involvement without bone extension.

Eosinophilic Granuloma↗
PubMed1981

Effect of acute and chronic alcohol ingestion on the rate of folate catabolism and hepatic enzyme induction in mice.

1. Folate deficiency is commonly found in alcoholic subjects although the causative mechanism is uncertain. It has been suggested that microsomal enzyme induction resulting from chronic alcohol ingestion might accelerate the rate of folate catabolism thus causing deficiency. 2. By using an experimental animal model to determine the rate of catabolism of [3H]pteroylglutamate (folic acid) by the quantitative estimation of the two urinary catabolites p-[3H]aminobenzoylglutamate and [3H]acetamidobenzoylglumate, we have measured both the rate of folate catabolism and the extent of microsomal-enzyme induction in mice after acute and chronic alcohol ingestion. 3. Despite significant evidence of enzyme induction in the chronic alcohol group, there was no difference in the rate of folate catabolism after acute or chronic alcohol ingestion when compared with that of the controls.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1980

Clinical review of beta-blockers in anxiety.

Anxiety has three essential elements: the subjective experience, autonomic symptoms and avoidance behaviour. Various theories are considered which highlight the psychic and somatic aspects of anxiety. Beta-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs have been used with advantage to treat everyday stresses. These include the anxiety produced by the civil disturbances in Northern Ireland, performing surgery, dentistry, musical instruments or speaking in public, as well as examination nerves. The profile of symptoms such as tachycardia, palpitations and tremor which are most likely to respond to beta-blockers are discussed as well as their side-effects. Their mode of action is different from other anxiolytics, with which they can be combined.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗