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Biomedical subjects

D Katz

Publications and source records attributed to D Katz.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Epiphyseal vascularization during growth. Study preliminary to transplantation].

A study was conducted of 50 cadavers in children and 25 immature dogs to discover more precisely the vascularization of the lower end of the femur and the iliac crest. It was concluded that it is possible to transplant these epiphyses with anastomosis of three pedicles in the same line. It was also concluded that the vascularisation differs before and after the formation of the bony epiphyseal nucleus. The cartilaginous canals which preclude the vascularisation of hyaline cartilage, the formation of the bony nucleus and the nutrition of the germinal layers of the growth plate are described.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Chronic GM1 gangliosidosis presenting as dystonia: I. Clinical and pathological features.

Clinical and pathological studies are reported from investigation of a 27-year-old man with GM1 gangliosidosis who experienced a slowly progressive dystonia that began about age 4, primarily affected the face and limbs, and eventually became almost totally incapacitating. There was only mild intellectual deterioration; myoclonus, seizures, and macular cherry-red spots were never observed. Postmortem examination revealed intraneuronal storage, localized predominantly to the basal ganglia, in which neurons contained round, multilamellated inclusions. Golgi studies revealed meganeurites arising from medium spiny neurons. Other areas of the central nervous system appeared relatively unaffected, although small basilar dilatations were observed in scattered cortical pyramidal neurons and Purkinje cell dendrites showed focal swellings. Vacuolated cells of the reticuloendothelial system were observed, including Kupffer cells and histiocytes in the spleen, marrow, and intestinal tract. Biochemical analysis revealed a generalized beta-galactosidase deficiency with specific accumulation of GM1 ganglioside in the basal ganglia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Computed tomography in the radiology of testicular teratomas.

Thirty patients with testicular teratomas were examined by computed tomography (CT), lymphangiography and chest X-rays/tomography and the role of each investigation in the staging and management of these tumours is examined. It is suggested that CT should be the primary investigation of the abdomen in patients with testicular teratomas and that the lymphangiogram should be reserved for those cases where CT is technically inadequate or where biochemical markers are raised despite a negative CT scan. In the thorax a conventional chest X-ray should be taken and used for follow-up where possible, but CT scans should be performed in all cases with less than three metastases shown on chest radiography.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Immune response potential to poly(Tyr,Glu)-poly(DLAla)--poly(Lys) of human T cells of different donors.

Human peripheral blood T cells of normal donors were activated in vitro with autologous adherent cells pulsed with poly(LTyr,LGlu)-poly(DLAla)--poly(LLys) [abbreviated (T,G)-A--L]. The "educated" T cells were tested: (i) for their ability to produce a (T,G)-A--L-specific T cell-replacing factor in the cooperation with B cells for antibody responses in vivo or in vitro and (ii) for their ability to proliferate in the presence of a second stimulus of (T,G)-A--L. Results of screening of 66 donors demonstrated that educated T cells of about 50% of the donors produced an active (T,G)-A--L-specific factor, whereas activated cells of only half of the factor producers were capable of proliferating in the presence of the antigen. Thus, as reported for all other species studied, human individuals differ in their response potential to (T,G)-A--L.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1980

Characterization of HBeAg by physicochemical and immunochemical methods.

HBeAg, which is a hepatitis B-associated antigen, was purified and characterized. The end product from ion exchange, gel filtration and immunoadsorbent columns consisted mainly of immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules, identified by immunoelectrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. At least four polypeptides with molecular weights of 55,000, 38,000, 25,000 and 20,000 daltons were detected in four different preparations of HBeAg. Two of these have molecular weights similar to the heavy and light chains of IgG (55,000 and 25,000 daltons). It is postulated that HBeAg may be a small ligand of 20,000 daltons with an affinity for IgG. This affinity, especially if it involves the light chain of IgG, could account for the 38,000 or 42,000 molecular weight polypeptides seen by autoradiography.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1980

Solid-phase immune electron microscopy (SPIEM) for rapid viral diagnosis.

Immune electron microscopy (IEM) is one of the fastest and most sensitive methods for the detection and diagnosis of viruses. This technique is based on formation of immune complexes of the virus with its corresponding antibody. In IEM optimal precipitation depends on a correct ratio, and there is a prozone effect. These problems can be overcome by using the solid-phase immune electron microscopic (SPIEM) technique. In this technique the antibody is attached to a particle which is used for 'fishing' the virus to be examined out of the suspension. After low speed centrifugation the preparation is treated either for observation in the transmission electron microscope or in the scanning electron microscope. In 'positive' samples the virus is seen attached to the surface of the particle. We report here results with S. aureus as the solid phase for the detection of Sindbis virus. The anti-Sindbis gamma globulins are attached to the bacteria by means of protein A present on their surface.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1980

Aeromonas hydrophila infection of a puncture wound.

Aeromonas hydrophila is a gram-negative organism generally considered a pathogen of low virulence, rarely reported as causing infection in man. Recently it has been recognized as causing infection in wounds. This article reports the case of a patient who suffered a puncture wound while standing in a fresh water lake. He subsequently developed a rapidly progressing cellulitis requiring hospitalization. This organism was cultured from the wound and responded dramatically to appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography in pulmonary asbestosis.

Attention is drawn to the signs of asbestosis on computed axial tomography and comparison made with findings in conventional radiology in 36 patients. CT was found to be significantly more sensitive in the detection of both pleural and parenchymal disease apart from thickened fissures. A possible sign of early mesothelioma is mentioned and an encasing variety of pleural thickening described. Perfusion changes which may represent a 'pre-radiological' interstitial fibrosis are discussed.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed1979

Children's understanding of monosyllabic nouns in quiet and in noise.

A four-alternative, forced choice adaptive procedure was used to measure the lowest intensity at which children could identify monosyllabic nouns that had been standardized to be understandable (at comfortable listening levels) to inner city, 3-year-old children. Results showed no age-related performance changes when the words were presented against a 12-talker babble or against filtered noise. In quit, however, performance improved between the ages of 5 and 10 years. Performance of children with learning problems was poorer than performance of children achieving normal school progress, even though clinical measures of auditory sensitivity showed no differences. Results are discussed in terms of "semantic closure" skills of children.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hydrolase activities in the rat aorta. III. Effects of regular swimming activity and its cessation.

It is possible that one of the consequences of regular physical activity could be a change of vascular metabolism. We studied the effects of regular swimming activity on specific activities of aortic hydrolases of male rats. Enzymes included: neutral alpha-glucosidase and lysosomal beta-galactosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, cathepsin C, acid alpha-glucosidase, and acid cholesteryl esterase. After 8 or 16 weeks of a 1-hour/day swimming protocol, specific activities of four of the six aortic enzymes studied were increased over control levels, increases ranging from 7 to more than 42%. Acid cholesteryl esterase was one of the enzymes most affected by the exercise, increasing 25-30% above control levels. An 8-week sedentary period, after 8 weeks of a swimming regimen, resulted in return of the activity of acid cholesteryl esterase, but not those of the other hydrolases, to control levels. Decreases in body weight, blood pressure, and serum lipid levels also occurred in the swimming rats. Weight reduction per se was excluded as an explanation for the increases in aortic enzymes or decrease in serum cholesterol found with swimming. These findings show that regular physical activity is yet another factor with discrete and significant effects on the catabolic activity of vascular tissue.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1978

Post-treatment laparotomy in the management of Hodgkin's disease.

Tissues obtained by laparotomy and splenectomy from patients with Hodgkin's disease who had received either supradiaphragmatic irradiation for localised disease or combination chemotherapy for advanced disease were examined histologically. 4 of 19 patients considered to be free of abdominal disease after chemotherapy showed residual active Hodgkin's disease; the spleen was the commonest site showing active disease. 2 patients thought to have intra-abdominal disease showed no histological evidence of active disease in the tissue excised. The finding of residual active abdominal disease in patients considered to be in "clinical" remission indicates that the interpretation of the result of treatment depends on the definition of response. A proportion of "relapses" may, in fact, be patients who never achieve genuine remission of disease, whereas the prognosis for those who do achieve complete remission may be even better than currently accepted, and may even amount to "cure". This study shows that histological changes of lymphoreticular tissue can be defined after treatment and may help in determining more accurately the need for further therapy.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1978

Effects of stimulus duration and stimulus off time on the auditory and acoustic reflex thresholds.

The effects of stimulus duration and stimulus off time on the thresholds of hearing and the acoustic reflex were investigated in 10 normal-hearing subjects and 10 subjects with sensorineural hearing loss. A 1000-Hz stimulus with on-off times of 500-500 msec and 30-30 msec was used to obtain hearing sensitivity and acoustic reflex thresholds via a tracking method. Auditory threshold was poorer for the 30-30 msec tone than the 500-500 msec stimulus in both groups. Using the different stimuli, no significant difference in acoustic reflex threshold was observed in either group. These results suggest that the addition of a short off time modifies the previously observed effects of both duration and off time on the acoustic reflex and auditory threshold.

Adult↗