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Biomedical subjects

D Katenkamp

Publications and source records attributed to D Katenkamp.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[So-called epithelioid hemangioendothelioma].

Tumour that developed in the armpit of a 52-year-old man was studied by light and electron microscopy. The tumour 3 cm in diameter was firmly attached to the vessel and almost completely obliterated its lumen. Histologically the neoplasm closely resembled the metastasis of mammary gland carcinoma. However electron microscopic examination allowed rejecting the epithelial origin of tumour and suggesting its vascular genesis (so-called "epithelioid hemangioendothelioma").

Axilla↗
PubMed1984

[Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Morphology and differential diagnosis based on 2 clinical cases].

Two cases of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin were examined by light microscopic and electron microscopic methods. In both patients the disease showed an unusual course characterized by the occurrence of numerous and wide-spread skin nodules. Light microscopically, we found a uniform tumor tissue with trabecular, nest- or cord-like arrangement of cancer cells. At electron microscopic investigation, neurosecretory granules (dense-cored vesicles) were detected. These organelles had a diameter between 90 and 220 nm. Furthermore, small bundles of intermediate filaments and a well-developed Golgi system as well as numerous vesicular structures were recognized. Specialized cell junctions were lacking, tumor cell complexes were often enveloped by a basal lamina-like structure. The light microscopic and electron microscopic observations are in accordance with other reports. The relationship of neuroendocrine skin carcinomas to Merkel cells is discussed. However, we suggest an origin of these carcinomas from multipotent epithelial stem cells. The multicentric development in our cases, the tumor localization, and recent electron microscopic findings in basal cell carcinomas lend the basis for speculations on relations between neuroendocrine carcinomas and basal cell carcinomas of the skin. Lastly, the morphologic differential diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinomas is presented. Special attention is called to the distinction from melanomas, lymphomas and other neuroendocrine tumors. In spite of the fact that neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin are well defined and considered to be a clinico-pathologic entity there are some open questions concerning the tumor biology and histogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Soft tissue clear cell sarcoma. Morphology, differential diagnosis and tumor classification].

Clear cell sarcomas of tendons and aponeuroses were first described by Enzinger in 1965 and are characterized by the occurrence in young adults, frequent location in the distal lower extremity and slow, but often relentless clinical course. The histologic features of 5 own cases are presented, the cellular arrangement in nest-, cluster- or "ball"-like formations and a prominent nucleolus are emphasized as most reliable diagnostic patterns. Some aspects of differential diagnosis are discussed, especially those concerning its histologic distinction from fibrosarcomas, malignant melanomas, malignant Schwannomas and synovial sarcomas. The electron microscopic examination of one case revealed findings which may be considered as typical for tumors developed from neural crest derived cells: envelopment of many tumor cells by basal lamina-like structures, specialized cellular contacts, interdigitations of cellular processes and "wrapping around"-phenomena (so-called mesocollagen formation). Some neurosecretory granules (not described till now in clear cell sarcomas) and fibrous long spacing collagen further support the suggestion that clear cell sarcomas pertain to the group of tumors with relationship to neuroectodermal cells and tissues. We feel that, because of their typical histologic picture and their particular clinical behavior, they should not be regarded as malignant (soft tissue) melanomas or malignant (melanotic) Schwannomas but retained as a defined clinico-pathological entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Diagnostics and therapy of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in childhood.

Many changes have taken place in the diagnosis and treatment of non-Hodgkin-lymphomas in childhood during the last years. From 1979 to 1982, the Working Group for Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Immunology of the GDR treated 50 children with NHL according to the LSA2L2-protocol in a multicentric study. The Kiel-classification was applied for histological diagnosis. Main localizations were the mediastinum and abdomen. The treatment resulted in a complete continuous remission of 65% (Stages I and II: 87%, Stages III and IV: 53%) for all patients, independently of the stage. Patients with extranodal tumours and wide-spread abdominal disease had a very bad prognosis with this protocol.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Experimental tumors with features of malignant histiocytomas. Morphological studies on neoplasms produced by inoculation of an established macrophage-like cell line (WEHI-3).

Soft tissue malignant histiocytomas are thought to be a histologic variant of malignant fibrous histiocytomas. By means of an established macrophage-like cell line (WEHI-3) we produced experimental tumors with light microscopic features of malignant histiocytomas. In spite of repeated subculturing of WEHI-3 cells and their derivatives the 6 tumor generations received by cell transplantations were remarkably constant in regard of their light and electron microscopic morphology. This was in contrast to preceding experiments with an established fibrosarcoma cell line. Electron microscopically they were never to be identified in the histiocytoma-like tumors so that these neoplasms could virtually not be considered as members of the malignant fibrous histiocytoma group. Our results support the idea that malignant fibrous histiocytomas and malignant histiocytomas of the soft tissues arise from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and emphasize that monocyte-derived histiocytic tumors may appear as soft tissue histiocytomas although they are more related to malignant histiocytosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Lymphomatoid papulosis--electron microscopic observations on two cases.

The electron microscopic examination of two cases of lymphomatoid papulosis revealed a mixed cellular infiltrate consisting of lymphoid cells with T-cell features, histiocyte-like cells and some fibroblasts. Furthermore, uncharacteristic mesenchymal cells and some granulocytes could be identified. The activated vascular structures did not contribute cells to the infiltrates. Focal cellular protrusions of lymphocytic cells and close spatial relations between different cell types (especially between lymphocytic and histiocyte-like cells) speak for the action of regulative factors. Possibly nerval elements also influence the proliferative processes. Thus lymphomatoid papulosis can be interpreted as a pseudolymphomatous inflammation or lymphoreticular reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Primary soft tissue tumors of the retroperitoneal space].

Primary soft tissue tumors of the retroperitoneal space are seldom. In the last 40 years there are only some reports on larger tumor series. But their comparison is merely possible reservedly because in the past the classification of soft tissue tumors was repeatedly changed. Using the diagnostic criteria of the WHO we examined 96 primary tumors of the retroperitoneal soft tissue concerning the distribution of the histological types. 25 cases were classified as benign tumors. 44% of the lesions were benign schwannomas, in the frequency they were followed by leiomyomas (16%), fibromatoses (12%), lipomas (8%) and fibromas (8%). All fibromatoses were localized in the mesenteric radix. 71 tumors were considered to be malignant. The most frequent malignant growths were leiomyosarcomas (24%). Malignant fibrous histiocytomas and liposarcomas constituted 15.5% and 14% of the malignant tumors, resp. Rhabdomyosarcomas were relatively seldom and only of the embryonal type. They exclusively occurred in childhood. Fibrosarcomas were just found in 3% of cases and synovial sarcomas were completely lacking. 17% of all malignant tumors could not be classified with certainty. Whereas the diagnosis of benign soft tissue tumors is not too difficult as a rule the malignant lesions not seldom resist an exact classification. General problems in diagnosis are discussed, differential diagnostic criteria for a clear separation of different tumor entities are presented. Finally the importance of a histological grading of malignant retroperitoneal soft tissue tumors is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone. Clinical pathology and histological diagnosis].

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone is a histologically well-defined tumor. Our aim is to describe five own cases and to analyze the published cases in order to demonstrate, the controversial aspects of clinical pathology. The essential histological criteria are the storiform tissue pattern and the presence of fibroblastic and histiocytic cells and giant cells. Inclusive of our cases, the total number reported stands at 196. There are features of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone about which there is almost general agreement: 1. The tumor occurs at all ages with an average onset from the age of 10 to the age of 50. 2. The tumor occurs in both the long and flat bones, but the main sites are the distal femur and the proximal tibia. 3. The tumor lacks any initial distinctive features in its clinical phase, but with respect to its biological behaviour, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone can be distinguished from osteosarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Morphology of neuroblastoma. Light and electron microscopic studies as a contribution on diagnosis and differential diagnosis].

The neuroblastoma is one of the most frequent malignant solid tumors in childhood and is thus of great practical importance. The origin of neuroblastoma cells from neural crest derivatives is generally accepted now, and this histogenesis explains some biochemical and morphological characteristics of the tumor. The cytological and histological features of neuroblastomas can be rather varying and, therefore, the diagnosis and differential diagnosis may be difficult. Our study presents the findings of 48 neuroblastomas after light microscopic examination and the ultrastructural characteristics of 8 neuroblastomas and 1 ganglioneuroma. At light microscopic level, completely undifferentiated neuroblastomas and tumors with variable degrees of differentiation were identified. The differentiation of the tumor tissue to ganglion cell-like elements was indicated by an increasing amount of cellular cytoplasm with development of a cytoplasmic process as well as an alteration of the picture of the nucleus (nuclear enlargement and a clearly visible nucleolus). Differentiation to Schwann cell-like elements was occasionally observed, too. Electron microscopically, in all tumors neurosecretory granules could be recognized, and in the better differentiated areas neurite-like cytoplasmic projections were detectable. Thus, the electron microscopy can be a valuable aid in establishing an unequivocal diagnosis. The histology of neuroblastomas is said to be of prognostic significance. Therefore, grading schemes of malignancy were developed. At present, the grading procedure after Hughes and coworkers is mostly used. The criteria of this grading system are presented and interpreted. Finally, those tumors are briefly characterized which play the main role in the differential diagnosis, i.e. juvenile rhabdomyosarcomas, Ewing's sarcoma (including the extraskeletal type), lymphoblastic lymphoma and histiocytic reticulosarcoma. The most important clinicopathologic differences in comparison to neuroblastomas are referred to. Using a large scale of morphologic methods as well as considering clinical and paraclinical parameters, the exact diagnosis of neuroblastoma should be possible in nearly every case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Elastofibroma dorsi. A contribution to its morphology and pathogenesis].

For the time being it is generally accepted that elastofibroma is a mesenchymal, pseudotumorous hyperplasia. A great amount of a fibrillar and globular material is characteristical in the proliferated connective tissue, which has a high affinity to elastica dyes. These typical structures in the extracellular space are interpreted by various authors as elastotic degenerative collagen, degeneratively changed elastic fibers, or as newly synthetized elastin. The case of an elastofibroma is reported which was investigated by means of light microscopy, electron microscopy and histochemistry. With histochemical methods the peculiar material of the extracellular space was identified as elastin. Light- and electron microscopically, there were no relations to collagen fibers. The observations of sinus-like extended vessels support the idea of the pathogenic importance of a vascular alteration. The relations between the damage of vessels, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and the special synthesis of elastin are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Germ cell tumors of testis: histological classification of 552 cases according to the WHO-nomenclature].

Using the WHO-nomenclature 552 germ cell tumors of testis were reclassified. The analysis revealed the following: germ cell tumors occur in early childhood at the age of 3 months to 3 years, in adult hood (26-35) the occurrence shows a peak, and in old aged men only some tumors are registered. No germ cell was found between 4 to 13 years. Our material comprised 245 seminomas (44.4%) and 307 non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (55.6%). In the group of tumors of one histologic type, 245 cases of seminomas represent the main part. The following subgroups were recognized: typical seminomas--229 cases (93.5%), spermatocytic seminomas--9 cases (3.7%), and anaplastic seminomas--7 cases (2.8%). In 10 seminomas (4.1%() we have found syncytiothrophoblastic giant cells. In comparison to other investigations, the number of anaplastic seminomas is very low, but on the other hand the diagnosis Of this tumor is problematic, especially, the differential diagnosis of solid variants of embryonal carcinomas. The most common non-seminomatous tumor in this group is the embryonal carcinoma (16.8%). No polyembryoma and choriocarcinoma were observed, and only 2 yolk-sac-tumors occurred in infants. The occurrence of teratomas was also low, i.e. 15 cases of mature teratoma and 13 cases of immature teratoma. In the group of tumors of more than one histologic type, cases showing embryonal carcinoma and teratoma prevail (83 tumors). In addition to this combination other common tumors of this group (contained structures of seminomas (25 cases), yolk-sac-tumors (22 cases), an choriocarcinomas (19 cases) and embryonal carcinomas and yolk-sac-tumors (13 cases). Altogether, this group comprised 72.8% of the non-seminomatous tumors. Furthermore, the peculiarities of germ cell tumors of childhood are described. In this group the mature teratomas prevail. No seminoma could be registered in infancy. The distribution of our cases among the various types and the subgroups agreed in the main classes with that reported in literature but in special differentiations there are some discrepancies. The problem of classification of germ cell tumors is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Lymphogranulomatosis in childhood].

Hodgkin's disease is relatively rare in children. The lymph node biopsies of 66 children with Hodgkin's disease were reclassified and discussed in relation to age and sex. The youngest patient was a 2-year-old boy. Mixed cellularity was the most common histologic type (37.9%-25 cases) showing a slight preponderance of boys (14 cases). Nodular sclerosis comprised 31.8% (21 cases) and the lymphocyte predominant type was found in 19.7% (13 cases) in contrast to the low incidence of the lymphocyte depletion type (6.1%-4 cases). At the age of 2 to 10 years Hodgkin's disease prevailed in boys. Our results are discussed regarding the findings of the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Light and electron microscopic study of the degree of differentiation of cancer of the large intestine].

Two groups of human rectal tumors histologically identified as well- and poorly-differentiated carcinomas were studied by means of electron microscopy. Some tumors of the former group consisted of undifferentiated cells only, while the others comprised chiefly differentiated cells (goblet cells, enterocytes, oncocytes and/or endocrine cells). Some tumors of the latter group consisted of undifferentiated cells only or partially. The remaining tumors were formed mostly of differentiated cells with organ-specific characteristics. It is inferred that a comparison of the results of identification of the degree of tumor cell differentiation by light and electron microscopy may be inconclusive. This conclusion may provide a plausible explanation of the difference in prognosis and response to treatment of rectal tumors of similar histological patterns.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Inverted papillomas of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Ultrastructural investigations on epithelial-stromal interface.

10 cases of inverted papillomas of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were examined electron microscopically with particular regard to the epithelial-stromal interface. The papilloma cells were clearly demarcated from the stromal tissue by a basement membrane-like material. However, this structure mainly consisted of two or more layers, occasional breaks in the basement membrane were visible. Within the basal epithelial cells resting on the basement membrane accumulations of actin-like microfilaments could sometimes be observed. Furthermore, in the stromal tissue some myofibroblasts were present in the vicinity of the papillomatous cell complexes and capillary vessels also demonstrated several layers of basement membrane. All the changes presented here are considered to be the result of a permanent interaction between aggressive forces of papilloma cells and the defence mechanism of stromal tissue. The results allow the conclusion that inverted papillomas of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are true neoplasms with very low malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Unusual course of plasmocytosis. Contribution to the problem of extramedullary and asecretory forms].

A case of plasmocytosis treated and observed for more than 4 years was characterized by an extraordinarily strong tendency to extramedullary manifestations and by a nearly asecretory course of disease. Its histomorphological explanation with regard to a differential diagnosis towards a possible secondary neoplasia was connected with many problems at the beginning of the disease when it had to be localized in the scull-face area as well as in the final stage. It may be assumed that this is one of those pictures of disease developing in the limiting area of the maturation zone ranging from the lymphoplasmacytoid cell type to the finally differentiated plasma cells and their systemic neoplasia. The term "plasmocytoma with an extra-osseous tumour expansion" will certainly correspond to its clinical picture in the best way.

Humans↗