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D Katenkamp

Publications and source records attributed to D Katenkamp.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Vascular tumors simulating occlusive disease.

Two cases of vascular tumors of large vessels with intraluminal growth simulating venous thrombosis and arterial occlusive disease are reported. One was a borderline malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the femoral vein and the other a malignant epithelioid angiosarcoma of the carotid artery. Immunohistochemical studies permitted to classify the tumors. Treatment consisted in surgical resection. No recurrence and no metastasis are noted at 24 months. Uncertainty regarding biological behaviour of vascular tumors and treatment persists.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Cardiac manifestations of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET): a rare case].

HISTORY: A 44-year-old man presented to his general practitioner with increasing exertional dyspnoea. After a syncope he was admitted to hospital. INVESTIGATIONS: Echocardiography on admission demonstrated a large pericardial effusion (45 mm over the right and 57 mm over the left ventricle) which, in view of its haemodynamic relevance, had to be removed by pericardiocentesis. Cytological examination of the fluid showed various blood constituents but no atypical cells. Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax revealed a homogeneous hyperdense structure in the area of the left atrium. After several more pericardiocenteses echocardiography showed a pericardial tumour between the left atrium and ventricle. Gastroscopy, coloscopy, abdominal CT, an octreotide scan and positron-emission tomography did not indicate an extracardiac tumour. Coronary angiography and video-assisted thoracoscopy were performed. They confirmed an epicardial tumour at the level of the left atrium. TREATMENT AND COURSE: The entire round and solid tumour of about 3 cm in diameter, at the tip of the left atrial appendage was removed under extracorporeal circulation. No adjuvant treatment was given. Histological and immunohistological tests of the resected specimen (CD-99 and NSE-positive) provided the diagnosis of malignant peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour (pPNET). CONCLUSION: There are at present no adequate data on optimal treatment of pPNET in the heart. This case demonstrates that even with a large such tumour long remission is possible after complete removal without any adjuvant treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

A malignant triton tumor with an unbalanced translocation (1;13)(q10;q10) and an isochromosome (8)(q10) as the sole karyotypic abnormalities.

The karyotype of a malignant nerve sheath tumor with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation (malignant triton tumor) of a 58-year-old woman is reported. The tumor revealed an isochromosome for the long arm of chromosome 8 and an unbalanced translocation (1;13)(q10;q10) leading to a gain of the long arm of chromosome 1 as the sole karyotypic abnormalities.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1↗
PubMed2000

[POEMS syndrome--a case report].

One rare case of POEMS syndrome is presented. In a 39-year-old male patient a progressive numbness in hands and feet developed within 5 years. Admission with increasing dyspnoea and lower leg edema. In swollen inguinal lymph nodes a lymphadenopathy with angiofollicular hyperplasia and vascular-plasmacellular proliferation was diagnosed and classified as Castleman-like histologic features. In os ilium an osteosclerotic plasmocytoma with restriction of kappa light chains was found. Potential pathomechanism of POEMS syndrome are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Simultaneous enzyme overlay membrane (EOM)-based in situ zymography and immunofluorescence technique reveals cathepsin B-like activity in a subset of tumour vessels.

The analysis of the invasion front of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has revealed a fundamental invasion-associated remodelling of the extracellular matrix as the result of a complex regulated interplay of matrix synthesis and matrix degradation. Cysteine proteinases, in particular cathepsin B, are implicated in tumour invasion in vivo and in vitro and are thought to be important mediators of metastasis. An in situ zymographic assay based on enzyme overlay membranes (EOMs) was established to define the tissue localisation of cathepsin B activity in OSCC. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy we present a double-labelling method for the rapid and reproducible simultaneous detection of cathepsin B-like activity and cellular or extracellular antigens based on an EOM and immunofluorescence technique on frozen sections. Applying this method, cathepsin B-like activity was mainly found in vascular structures within the invasive front of OSCC. Therefore, the results suggest a particular pathogenic role of cathepsin B in tumour angioneogenesis. The method can simply be transferred to other enzymes and can be recommended for more extensive studies of proteolytic activity in human malignancies.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2000

Sclerosing, pseudovascular rhabdomyosarcoma in adults. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of three cases.

Rhabdomyosarcoma in adults represents a rare soft tissue neoplasm which is seen most frequently in its pleomorphic subtype in this age group. Very rarely, clear cell and spindle-cell variants have been reported. In this study we describe three cases of rhabdomyosarcoma in adult patients, characterised by prominent hyaline sclerosis and a pseudovascular growth pattern. All cases were identified in the consultation files of one of the authors and routinely processed. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on paraffin sections with the alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase method. The patients, two women and one man, were 40, 41, and 56 years old. One developed a deep-seated soft tissue mass in the left lower leg, and one, a tumour of the left upper jaw. In one patient a bone tumour in the proximal body of the sacrum without extension into soft tissues was seen. The patients were treated by wide excision, piecemeal excision and incomplete excision in one case each; additional radiotherapy was performed in all three cases, and chemotherapy in two patients. In one patient multiple pulmonary metastases were noted, which showed progression despite systemic chemotherapy. Histologically, the neoplasms were composed of round/polygonal and spindle-shaped tumour cells including typical rhabdomyoblasts. In all cases a pseudovascular pattern and prominent hyaline sclerosis of the intercellular matrix was seen. Immunohistochemically, tumour cells stained positively for desmin and muscle actin (HHF35) and also for markers of striated muscle differentiation (myogenin, MyoD1, fast myosin). In this paper an unusual morphological variant of rhabdomyosarcoma arising in adult patients is described, which should be added to the morphological spectrum of these neoplasms.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Synthesis and protein distribution of the unspliced large tenascin-C isoform in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The inclusion or omission of the alternatively spliced region in the tenascin-C (Tn-C) mRNA gives rise to the large (Tn-C(L)) or small (Tn-C(S)) variant, respectively. Tn-C(L) is thought to be a typical component of provisional extracellular matrices (ECMs) and is expressed during tumour stroma remodelling. Tn-C(L) synthesis has been studied using RNA/RNA in situ hybridization, and Tn-C(L) protein distribution, using immunohistochemistry (clone BC-2), in 18 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) of different grades of malignancy. While the Tn-C(L) protein was demonstrated within the whole stromal compartment regardless of grade of malignancy, the majority of the Tn-C(L) mRNA signal-bearing cells were carcinoma cells. Only a few stromal myofibroblasts were able to synthesize Tn-C(L), as revealed by alpha-smooth muscle actin double staining. In well-differentiated carcinomas (G1), the Tn-C(L) synthesizing carcinoma cells were localized as a single positive cell layer in the tumour stroma interface, particularly in invasive areas. A higher grade of malignancy (G2/G3) is associated with a significantly increased number of Tn-C(L) synthesizing carcinoma cells randomly distributed within the invading tumour areas. Double-staining experiments (Tn-C(L) mRNA ISH/BC-2 immunohistochemistry) indicate that these cells are capable of organizing and depositing a three-dimensional Tn-C(L) matrix. Even though an instructive and/or inductive role of the carcinoma cells in tumour stroma formation cannot be excluded, these results demonstrate that carcinoma cells can directly produce the ECM components of tumour stroma.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1999

[Tyrosine-rich crystalloids in a myoepithelioma of the minor salivary glands in the smooth palate].

Tyrosine-rich crystalloids in tumors of the salivary glands are rare and have been reported mainly in specimens from Black African patients. The pathogenesis of these structures is still unclear, but pathological secretion by neoplastic myoepithelial cells is supposed. Millon's staining and ultrastructural examinations are used for confirming the diagnosis. We present the case report of a 59-year-old woman with a myoepithelioma of the minor salivary glands in the smooth palate containing tyrosine-rich crystalloids as an example of this rare phenomenon.

Black People↗
PubMed1999

[Chondroid lipoma. Clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis of six cases of a distinct entity in the spectrum of lipomas].

A series of six cases of chondroid lipoma is reported in this paper. The age of the patients, four women and two men, ranged from 34 to 75 years. Four tumours arose in the lower and two in the upper extremities between 4.5 and 8 cm in size. Whereas two neoplasms were located in the subcutis, four lesions were seen in perifascial or intramuscular tissues. Histologically, all neoplasms were encapsulated and characterized by a somewhat lobular growth pattern. The neoplasms were composed of mature adipocytes, uni - and multivacuolated lipoblasts, and nests and strands of cells reminiscent to hibernoma cells or chondrocytes. Immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally the lipogenic nature of the latter type of cells was confirmed. Interestingly, focal immunopositivity of tumour cells for cytokeratin was found in two cases. Tumour cells were set in a myxohyaline matrix showing different degrees of degeneration. Chondroid lipoma represents a distinct entity in the spectrum of lipomatous lesions and has to be distinguished from benign and malignant neoplasms (extraskeletal chondroma, hibernoma, lipoblastoma, chondrolipoangioma, myoepithelioma, myxoid/round cell liposarcoma, and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma). Because they are easily misdiagnosed as malignant tumours, familiarity with the features of chondroid lipoma is of practical importance to avoid an overtreatment.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1999

Intravascular ("intimal") epithelioid angiosarcoma: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of three cases.

Angiosarcomas are rare malignant mesenchymal tumours, characterized morphologically by anastomosing vascular channels lined by atypical and proliferative active endothelial cells. An epithelioid cytomorphology of tumour cells is often seen focally in angiosarcoma, whereas purely epithelioid angiosarcomas are rare. Although angiosarcomas show a vascular differentiation they are almost never confined to pre-existing blood vessels. We describe three cases of intravascular epithelioid angiosarcoma arising in the carotid artery of a 60-year-old man, in the infrarenal part of the abdominal aorta and both renal arteries of a 69-year-old woman, and in the abdominal aorta of a 68-year-old man. In all cases malignant tumour tissue was found incidentally after disobliteration of thrombosed vessels. Histologically, purely epithelioid angiosarcoma composed of solid sheets of epithelioid tumour cells was seen; immunohistochemistry confirmed the endothelial differentiation of neoplastic cells. The reported cases show that angiosarcoma can occasionally arise within a pre-existing vessel.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Breast tumors with myofibroblastic differentiation: clinico-pathological observations in myofibroblastoma and myofibrosarcoma.

This report describes the clinico-pathological features of myofibroblastic tumors of the breast in six patients. Four women and one man presented with a benign myofibroblastoma. The sixth patient was a woman with myofibrosarcoma. All myofibroblastomas were composed of a fascicular arrangement of spindle cells embedded in dense bundles of collagen. Tumors differed with respect to their proportion of neoplastic cells and collagenous stroma as well as cellular pleomorphism. Based on this variation, the tumors could be subclassified as classic, collagenized, epithelioid and cellular myofibroblastoma. Immunohistological staining confirmed myofibroblastic differentiation by strong expression of either desmin or smooth muscle actin with coexpression of vimentin. In addition, numerous cells reacted with antibodies to CD68. Proliferative activity was rather low in the myofibroblastoma with an average of 0-2 mitotic figures per 10 HPF. DNA cytometric analysis was performed in two cases and showed diploid stem lines with minor S-phase fractions (1% and 3%). In the myofibrosarcoma, cells contained pleomorphic nuclei with some giant cells and numerous mitotic figures (6-7/10 HPF) and had infiltrating margins that were apparent even grossly. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells strongly expressed vimentin, smooth muscle actin and fibronectin. Ultrastructurally, neoplastic cells met the criteria of myofibroblasts, i.e. contained abundant intermediate filaments and myofilament bundles with focal densities as well as fibronexus junctions. DNA cytometric analysis exhibited again a diploid stemline but marked proliferative activity was present as indicated by an S-phase fraction of 20%. In conclusion, in benign myofibroblastoma there may be some cellular pleomorphism but mitotic activity is always low. The malignant counterpart, myofibrosarcoma, is characterized by marked cellular pleomorphism, infiltrating margins and high mitotic rate.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1999

Distribution of laminin and fibronectin isoforms in oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The expression of laminin and fibronectin isoforms varies with cellular maturation and differentiation and these differences may well influence cellular processes such as adhesion and motility. The basement membrane (BM) of fetal oral squamous epithelium contains the laminin chains, alpha2, alpha3, alpha5, beta1, beta2, beta3, gamma1 and gamma2. The BM of adult normal oral squamous epithelium comprises the laminin chains, alpha3, alpha5, beta1, beta3, gamma1 and gamma2. A re-expression of the laminin alpha2 and beta2 chains could be shown in adult hyperproliferative, dysplastic and carcinomatous lesions. In dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), multifocal breaks of the BM are present as indicated by laminin chain antibodies. These breaks correlate to malignancy grade in their extent. Moreover, in the invasion front the alpha3 and gamma2 chain of laminin-5 can immunohistochemically be found outside the BM within the cytoplasm of budding carcinoma cells and in the adjacent stroma. The correlation between the morphological pattern of invasive tumour clusters and a laminin-5 immunostaining in the adjacent stroma may suggest, first, that a laminin-5 deposition outside the BM is an immunohistochemical marker for invasion and second, that OSCC invasion is guided by the laminin-5 matrix. Expression of oncofetal fibronectins (IIICS de novo glycosylated fibronectin and ED-B fibronectin) could be demonstrated throughout the stromal compartment. However, the ED-B fibronectin synthesizing cells (RNA/RNA in situ hybridization) are confined to small stroma areas and to single stroma and inflammatory cells in the invasion front. A correlation of the number of ED-B fibronectin synthesizing cells to malignancy grade could not be seen. ED-B fibronectin mRNA-positive cells seem to be concentrated in areas of fibrous stroma recruitment with a linear alignment of stromal fibro-/myofibroblasts (desmoplasia). Double staining experiments (ED-B fibronectin in situ hybridization and alpha-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry) indicated that the stroma myofibroblasts are a preferential source of ED-B fibronectin. In conclusion, in OSCC, a fetal extracellular matrix conversion is demonstrable. Tumour cells (laminin alpha2 and beta2 chain) and recruited stromal myofibroblasts (oncofetal ED-B fibronectin) contribute to the fetal extracellular matrix milieu.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Loss of laminin-5 in the epithelium-stroma interface: an immunohistochemical marker of malignancy in epithelial lesions of the breast.

AIMS: To demonstrate immunohistochemically the alpha3 and gamma2 chain of laminin-5 in benign epithelial and malignant lesions of the human breast. METHODS AND RESULTS: The alpha3 chain was identified by the monoclonal antibody BM165 and the gamma2 chain by GB3 in shock frozen samples using APAAP (alkaline phosphatase monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase) technique. The pre-existing breast epithelium, the 12 benign ductal and lobular proliferations and the three fibroadenomas showed a continuous immunostaining in the basement membrane region. In contrast to benign epithelial lesions, the 44 cases of invasive breast carcinoma showed a loss of the laminin-5 chains in more than 50% of the carcinoma stroma interface. Twenty-four out of the 44 invasive carcinomas revealed a complete loss of laminin-5 immunostaining. Focal defects of the laminin-5 immunostaining were also found in ductal carcinoma in situ in its pure form. CONCLUSIONS: As recently described, the malignant transformation of breast epithelium with expression of an invasive phenotype is associated with a decrease of hemidesmosomes. The reduced immunostaining of laminin-5 is in line with this finding because laminin-5 represents the major component of the anchoring filaments attaching hemidesmosomes to the basement membrane. We feel that immunohistochemical demonstration of laminin-5 may serve as a marker of benignity in epithelial breast lesions. While other carcinoma types exhibit an increased laminin-5 deposition, which has been suggested as an invasion promoting factor, the loss of laminin-5 in breast cancer supports the view that breast carcinomas do not utilize laminin-5 for invasion.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

Malignant myoepithelioma of the vulva resembling a rhabdoid tumour.

AIMS: We report an example of malignant myoepithelioma of the vulva, which has not been hitherto described. We discuss the differential diagnosis and briefly review the literature. METHODS AND RESULTS: The lesion was found in an 81-year-old woman as an indolent 40 mm tumour. The neoplastic cells showed a myoid, spindled, epithelioid and plasmacytoid phenotype. Hyalinization of extracellular material and myxoid changes were present. There was a partly solid and microcystic pattern and a tight cohesiveness of cells was lacking. The circumscribed multinodular tumour somewhat resembled an extrarenal rhabdoid tumour, having large tumour cells with prominent nucleoli and large amounts of acidophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were immunoreactive for cytokeratin, vimentin, muscle-specific actin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and S100 protein, but not for desmin, epithelial membrane antigen, factor VIII-related antigen, CD34 and CD31. CONCLUSIONS: The histological and cytomorphological appearance of the tumour well as the immunohistochemical findings suggest the diagnosis of malignant myoepithelioma, possibly derived from minor vestibulary glands or ectopic breast tissue. Differential diagnoses are, in particular, extrarenal rhabdoid tumour and 'proximal type' epithelioid sarcoma. Differentiation is important, because the tumours show a different behaviour and prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Intraneural angiosarcoma and angiosarcoma arising in benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of four cases.

AIMS: Angiosarcomatous differentiation represents the least common form of heterologous differentiation in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST), and is seen most frequently in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. More rarely, it has been reported in patients without stigmata of neurofibromatosis, or in benign nerve sheath tumours and peripheral nerves. This study was undertaken to confirm this rare association. METHODS AND RESULTS: Four cases of angiosarcoma arising in a peripheral nerve, in a long-standing schwannoma and in two MPNST are described. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on paraffin sections with the alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase method. An intraneural high-grade epithelioid angiosarcoma arose in the left posterior tibial nerve of a 78-year-old man, a well to moderately differentiated angiosarcoma was seen in an ancient schwannoma of the lateral neck in a 73-year-old women, and an angiosarcoma of varying grades of differentiation developed in a recurrent MPNST in the thigh of 38-year-old man. In addition a high-grade MPNST in the axillary region of a 30-year-old man showed foci of heterologous high-grade angiosarcomatous differentiation. The neural and endothelial lines of differentiation were confirmed in each case by positive immunohistochemical staining for neural and endothelial markers, respectively. In all cases tested, the neural differentiated cells stained immunohistochemically positive for antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the rare association of angiosarcoma arising in peripheral nerves, as well as in benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Pathology in Jena].

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Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1998

[Morphology and molecular biology of malignant soft tissue sarcomas].

Malignant soft tissue tumors are classified and named according to cellular differentiation and thus the non-neoplastic soft tissue they imitate. The topical WHO classification already comprises more than 140 entities and tumor subtypes, but the process of defining new tumor variants will go on. Questions of nomenclature are discussed briefly with laying special emphasis on the non-undisputed concept of malignant fibrous histiocytomas. Without doubt, this diagnosis is made too frequently by which it has become to a collective name for unclassifiable pleomorphic sarcomas. For the time being nobody is able to say whether or not the malignant fibrous histiocytoma will remain an entity. Likely, fibrosarcomas and hemangiopericytomas are defined as exclusion diagnosis, as well. The diagnosis of malignant soft tissue tumors is based on recognizing the cellular line of differentiation. This is frequently possible at light microscopic level, sometimes additional diagnostic methods are required. The most important adjunct method is immunohistochemistry. Because aberrant differentiations and unexpected immunohistochemical reactions are known the use of a panel of antibodies is necessary. In the last years soft tissue tumors has increasingly been characterized by molecular biological methods. The results are of significance for understanding sarcoma pathogenesis and may be used for diagnosis, as well. Chromosome translocations are explained and rhabdomyosarcomas are taken as example for demonstrating the diagnostic significance of molecular biological/cytogenetic findings. Molecular biology may also aid in defining the histopathologic features of an entity as shown for intraabdominal desmoplastic small cell tumors. Eventually, heterogeneity in soft tissue sarcomas is addressed and discussed in view of its importance for diagnosis, classification and therapy as well as for development of sarcoma progression.

Humans↗