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Biomedical subjects

D Kaiser

Publications and source records attributed to D Kaiser.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Simple measurement of skin chloride activity for diagnosis of cyste fibrosis (author's transl)].

Using a chloride-sensitive electrode the chloride activity was measured on the cleaned by unstimulated skin of cystic fibrosis patients. The 2SD range did not exert 23 mVal in controls and was not lower than 29 mVAl in the patient. Consequently an estimate chloride value above 25 mVal is regarded as suspective for the disease. Confirmation of the result by means of a subsequent conventional pilocarpine test is essential.

Child↗
PubMed1975

pH and bicarbonate excretion in the rat parotid gland as a function of salivary rate.

The bicarbonate concentration in rat parotid saliva increases with increasing flow rates and approximates plasma values at highest salivation. At lowest flow rates the bicarbonate concentration in the secretory fluid markedly exceeds the plasma levels. Intravenous administration of acetazolamide has no influence on the bicarbonate excretion of the parotid gland. Following retrograde application of acetazolamide into the gland duct the concentrations of both bicarbonate and sodium are elevated. The potassium concentrations in final saliva exceed 70 mEq/l at flow rates below 5 mul/min g gland weight. With increasing flow rates a precipitous decrease in potassium concentration below 10 mEq/l occurs. With further increase in flow rate the potassium concentration remains unchanged. The sodium concentrations increased with augmented salivation rate. At lowest flow rates the sodium concentrations showed an increase of modest degree. Our findings can best be explained by the existence of two independent ductular mechanism: a) bicarbonate reabsorption probably in the striated ducts of the parotid gland; b) secretion of potassium with concomitand secretion of bicarbonate in the main excretory duct.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1975

Gene transfer to myxobacterium by Escherichia coli phage P1.

Myxococcus xanthus is a bacterium with an interest for studies of development because it has an organized multicellular phase in its life cycle. Bacteriophage Pl can adsorb to M. xanthus and inject its DNA into this organism despite the wide taxonomic gap separating myxococcus from Escherichia coli, the source of Pl. A specialized transducing derivative of Pl, called PlCM, can carry a gene for chloramphenicol resistance from E. coli into M. xanthus and generate unstable drug-resistant strains.

Chloramphenicol↗
PubMed1975

[Alpha 1-anti trypsin-deficiency: combination of pulmonary emphysema and liver cirrhosis in infancy (author's transl)].

The combination of pulmonary emphysema and liver cirrhosis in early childhood is documented for the first time in a 31/2 year old girl with homozygous (ZZ) deficiency of a1-antitrypsin. Examination of relatives in the generation of parents and grand parents revealed 7 heterozygous (MS) and five normal members (MM). Lung function tests showed altered respiratory function in 4 out of these 7 heterozygous subjects. Measurement of trypsin inhibitory capacity in plasma gave a good correlation to the genotype, however determinations of a1-antitrypsin coincided with it to a lesser degree. A high trypsin inhibitory capacity was detected in the tears of the propositi, which was shown to be immunologically distinguishable from serum a1-antitrypsin. Similarly, antiprotease activity was demonstrated in nasal secretions. This too did not reflect the serum profile.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Excretion of trypsin-like activity, electrolytes and protein in mixed and parotid saliva of patients with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas.

The esterolytic activity of mixed and parotid saliva in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and normal subjects was determined using BAEE (alpha-Benzoyl-1-arginine-ethylester) as the substrate. Using soybean-trypsin-inhibitor the trypsin-like activity (TLA) was measured and plotted as a function of parotid flow rate. In addition calcium, protein and pH were determined. Trypsin-like activity in mixed and parotid saliva showed large individual variations in CF and normal children. In parotid saliva we could not find any significant difference, whereas a reduction of TLA in mixed saliva of CF patients was observed. The fact that our normal values fell within the range of heterozygotes reported by Rao et al. (19), makes their hypothesis of a close relationship between reduced TLA and the genetic defect very doubtful. Protein, calcium and pH increased with augmented salivation and no difference between CF patients and normal age matched children could be found except for the pH at a flow rate above 0.75 ml/min per m2 body surface where significantly lower pH values resulted. The relevance of reduced TLA to the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis is discussed.

Calcium↗