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Biomedical subjects

D Jung

Publications and source records attributed to D Jung.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Therapeutic possibilities in adhesions].

Laparotomy was performed on 36 patients with persistent "adhesion complaints". Good therapeutic success was obtained from detachment of omental adhesions on the abdominal wall and of omental cords from the minor pelvis as well as from adhesiolysis in the hypogastric region. No peritoneal adhesions at all were recorded from nine patients, although they had undergone several operations before. Complaints were removed from one third of all patients, while nearly 20 per cent were improved. One death occurred, following exploratory laparotomy, due to stress-induced ulcer perforation. No peritoneal adhesion had been present in that case. No complications at all were experienced with any of the other patients.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

Influence of short-term water deprivation on antipyrine disposition.

The effects of acute (96 h) water deprivation on the disposition kinetics of antipyrine and hepatic cytochrome P-450 content were investigated in male rats. The disposition kinetics of antipyrine in rats deprived of water for 96 h was altered significantly: the total body clearance and steady-state volume of distribution decreased by 27.1 and 22.4%, respectively, as compared to control rats. There was no significant change in the disposition rate constant as a result of simultaneous changes in the volume of distribution and clearance. There was a 51.4% decrease in the hepatic cytochrome P-450 content in water-deprived rats. These results suggest that the pharmacokinetic changes observed in acute water deprivation with a model drug, antipyrine, are related to a decrease in total body water and to a reduced amount and/or activity of the hepatic microsomal oxidative enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The concentration of hypoxanthine and lactate in the blood of healthy and hypoxic newborns.

This work examines the correlation between the concentration of hypoxanthine and lactate, the clinical course, and the parameters of the acid-base metabolism in newborns. In order to obtain normal values in mature, healthy newborns (Group A) 136 determinations of hypoxanthine and 126 determinations of lactate in blood were performed in the first five postnatal days. In well prematures (Group B) hypoxanthine was determined 18 times and lactate 16 times. In newborns requiring oxygen therapy including ventilator support (Group C) hypoxanthine and lactate were determined 36 and 31 times respectively. Hypoxanthine levels in the blood of mature healthy newborns decreased with increasing age. A similar course is known for lactate levels. In the group of well prematures (Group B), hypoxanthine and lactate levels have an age dependent course similar to that in group A. Correlations between hypoxanthine and lactate concentrations were observed in all three groups but were not noted to be as well defined as has been seen experimentally (e.g., by SAUGSTAD) and thus confirm the clinical results of other authors. Among the newborns requiring oxygen therapy (Group C) 7 of 36 hypoxanthine values were more than two standard deviations above those in the normal group. For lactate group C infants were in 12 of 31 cases above the two standard deviation range. The hypoxanthine and lactate concentrations of group C newborns were correlated with clinical and biochemical indicators of hypoxia. Infants with unequivocal signs of hypoxia showed elevated as well as normal hypoxanthine and lactate levels. Conversely, infants without clinical, pathological or biochemical hypoxia indicators showed in some cases elevated hypoxanthine and lactate values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1985

Disposition of acetaminophen in protein-calorie malnutrition.

The influence of dietary protein deficiency on the pharmacokinetics, metabolism and disposition of acetaminophen was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats fed for 4 weeks on a 23% (control) or a 5% (low) protein diet ad libitum. Acetaminophen and its two major metabolites, acetaminophen glucuronide and acetaminophen sulfate in plasma and urine, were determined by a sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography assay. After an i.v. dose of 100 mg/kg of acetaminophen, the average mean residence time was 40% higher in the protein-deficient rats, whereas the total plasma clearance per kilogram of body weight and elimination rate constant were both decreased by approximately 36% when compared to rats on a normal protein diet. No significant differences were found in the two groups of animals with respect to the apparent steady-state volume of distribution. Rats on a low protein diet excreted a larger percentage of the administered dose as the glucuronide conjugate (34.6 vs. 12.3%) and a smaller percentage as acetaminophen sulfate (41.0 vs. 70.1%). In addition, there was a reduction in the partial metabolic clearance to acetaminophen sulfate and a concomitant 2-fold increase in the partial metabolic clearance to acetaminophen glucuronide.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of Na-alanine cotransport in oocytes of Xenopus laevis during meiotic maturation is voltage-regulated.

During progesterone-induced maturation of oocytes of Xenopus laevis the fast decrease of the rate of Na+-alanine cotransport is accompanied by a depolarization of the membrane potential and an increase in the intracellular Na+ activity. It is demonstrated that the decrease of the Na+-dependent alanine uptake is the result of the depolarization while the simultaneous increase in intracellular Na+ activity has no significant effect.

Alanine↗
PubMed1984

Regulatory changes of membrane transport and ouabain binding during progesterone-induced maturation of Xenopus oocytes.

During progesterone-stimulated maturation of defolliculated full-grown Xenopus oocytes, the activities of the transport systems for L-alanine, thymidine, chloride, phosphate, and alkali ions decrease. Differences of the extent and time course of these changes suggest that they are controlled by at least partially independent mechanisms. A closer investigation of the Na-K ATPase has shown that in unstimulated oocytes, ouabain produces maximal inhibition when 8-12 X 10(9) molecules are bound per cell. This number is bound during the first phase of a diphasic uptake process. Since this phase can be suppressed by increasing the concentration of external K+ to 45 mmol/liter or more, it is concluded that it refers to binding to the Na-K pump in the plasma membrane. Ouabain bound prior to progesterone-induced germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) remains bound after the breakdown, although the Na-K pump loses the capacity to bind ouabain after GVBD in oocytes that had not been exposed to ouabain preceding GVBD. In the presence of Mg++ membranes isolated before regulatory inhibition of pumping and ouabain binding show a Na+-dependent incorporation of 32P from gamma-[32P]-ATP that can be reversed by the addition of K+. The phosphorylation site migrates on LiDS-polyacrylamide gel electropherograms at about 98,000 daltons and can be identified as a Commassie blue-stainable band.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Sodium-alanine cotransport in oocytes of Xenopus laevis: correlation of alanine and sodium fluxes with potential and current changes.

The sodium-dependent L-alanine transport across the plasma membrane of oocytes of Xenopus laevis was studied by means of [14C]-L-alanine, 22Na+ and electrophysiological measurements. At fixed sodium concentrations, the dependence of alanine transport on alanine concentration follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics; at fixed alanine concentrations, the transport varies with sodium concentration with a Hill coefficient of 2. In the presence of sodium the uptake of alanine is accompanied by a depolarization of the membrane. Under voltage-clamp conditions this depolarization can be compensated by an inward-directed current. Assuming that this current is carried by sodium we arrive at a 2:1 stoichiometry for the sodium-alanine cotransport. The assumption was confirmed by direct measurements of both sodium and alanine fluxes at saturating concentrations of the two substrates, which also yielded a stoichiometry close to 2:1. The sodium-L-alanine cotransport is neither inhibited by furosemide (0.5 mmol/liter) nor by N-methyl amino isobutyric acid (5 mmol/liter). A 20-fold excess of D-alanine over L-alanine caused about 60% inhibition.

Alanine↗
PubMed1984

Transport of amino acids and nucleosides in metaphase-arrested unfertilized oocytes of Xenopus laevis.

Metaphase-arrested, unfertilized shed oocytes of Xenopus laevis obtained after hormonal stimulation of the female are able to take up nucleosides (U, T) and amino acids (Ala, Gly, Glu, Gln, Tyr). For alanine, tyrosine, and glutamic acid the transport is uphill. The transport of the amino acids studied is activated by Na+, whereas the uptake of the nucleosides is independent of the Na+ concentration. Ouabain does not inhibit the uptake of amino acids significantly. The uptake of alanine and thymidine is not measurably affected by the presence of the jelly coat.

Amino Acids↗