Use of an axial flap for reduction mammaplasty.
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Breast↗
Biomedical subjects
D Johnson
Publications and source records attributed to D Johnson.
The comprehensive treatment of schizophrenics.
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Humans↗
Effects of etiocholanolone and prednisolone on intravascular granulocyte kinetics in horses.
The functional capacity of the marrow granulocyte reserve (MGR) in 4 adult horses was studied, using 51Cr-labeled leukocytes. The mean increase in the peripheral granulocyte count following injections of etiocholanolone (0.3 mg/kg) was 870 granulocytes/mm3, and the mean increase following prednisolone administration (200 mg) was 5,880 granulocytes/mm3. Etiocholanolone failed to mobilize the MGR and decreased the rate of granulocyte egress from the blood. Prednisolone rapidly mobilized the MGR and markedly decreased the granulocyte specific activity during the first 3 hours after injection.
Animals↗
'Redesign' of hospital shows energy savings.
Computer analysis of a redesign on paper shows that relatively minor but thoughtful changes in a recently completed hospital building can substantially improve its energy usage.
Conservation of Energy Resources↗
Fluid administration and the development of patent ductus arteriosus.
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Ductus Arteriosus, Patent↗
Somatosensory-evoked potentials and perception of skin velocity.
Mechanical ramp indentations of constant amplitude and randomized velocities to the finger tip of human subjects were used to adequately stimulate the rapidly adapting Meissner corpuscles. The somatosensory-evoked potentials and the subjects' estimations were simultaneously recorded and analyzed off-line. The magnitude of perception showed a nonlinear, monotone-rising function approximated by a log or power function with respect to ramp velocity. The small, early components of the EP showed little correlation to stimulus velocity. The large, late components (120 ms or more) showed a stimulus response function similar to the psychophysical one. These large, late components resemble the alpha rhythm in frequency and distribution. It is concluded that although the large, late component of the EP show a similar relation to the psychophysical one, it is unlikely that there is a specific correlation between them.
Adolescent↗
Somatosensory-evoked potentials and vibration.
Vibratory stimuli (250 Hz) with amplitudes between 50 and 200 microns were delivered to the middle finger knuckle of 15 human subjects. The cortical-evoked potentials and psychophysical magnitude estimations were simultaneously recorded. Only the large, late components of the evoked cortical potentials showed significant correlation to the stimulus intensity. While the psychophysical response showed a slight positive acceleration, the evoked potential stimulus-response relations were slightly nonlinear with negative acceleration. The early components of the evoked potential were well localized over the contralateral, postcentral hand area; the late components showed a wide distribution over both hemispheres. The late, bilateral components resembled the alpha rhythm in frequency and distribution. It is concluded that late components resembling alpha rhythm may be due to stimulus-synchronized oscillations of alpha generators. The underlying neuronal events are probably of less importance for perception. By contrast, the important neuronal activity in the first 100 ms after arrival of the impulses at the cortex does not appear in the scalp-recorded evoked potential.
Adult↗
The cystic renal lesion in tuberous sclerosis.
A characteristic cystic renal lesion is described in three infants with tuberous sclerosis. Large cystic kidneys were present at birth in one child. The other two patients were discovered to have cystic kidneys and hypertension at 3 months of age. Development delay and seizures were ultimately present in two infants; typical cutaneous lesions of tuberous sclerosis developed in only one child. The roentgenographic appearance of the kidneys in the two older children was similar to that of adult-type polycystic kidney disease. Cysts were lined by a distinctive, hyperplastic epithelium in each patient. The diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis may be determined by renal biopsy in infants presenting with cystic kidneys.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
Statistical invalidation of the Hubble law.
An optimal nonparametric technique for elimination of the observation cutoff bias, on the assumption of a given theoretical cosmology, is applied to the redshift-magnitude and redshift-angular diameter relationships in objectively specified large galaxy samples. The estimates obtained on the assumptions of linear and square redshift-distance laws are uniformly and strongly favorable to the square law. The question of whether the relative inferiority of the linear law can scientifically be ascribed to ancillary extragalactic phenomena is addressed by nonparametric crosstesting of the alternative hypotheses. Each law is used to predict the results of a statistical analysis based on the alternative law by using the given data and computer simulations. The result is that the square law predicts with statistical exactitude the results of the analyses of the linear law; but the linear law predicts with near certainty that the fit of the square law will be much worse than is observed. In the absence of independent validation of a variety of ancillary hypotheses that have been adduced in connection with the linear law, it seems necessary to conclude that the Hubble law lacks an objective statistical foundation.
Journal Article↗
Reye syndrome in Ohio, 1973-1977.
Some major epidemiologic features of Reye syndrome have been elucidated since the first description of this clinical entity. Multiple studies have shown an association with epidemic influenza B and endemic varicella. Little population data are available on age, sex, race, geographic distribution, and secular trends. A five-year retrospective population-based study of 190 Ohio residents diagnosed with Reye syndrome from January 1, 1973-December 31, 1977, is reported here. The temporal relationships between the occurrence of Reye syndrome and influenza B and varicella were confirmed; however, a high number of blacks and city dwellers with Reye syndrome were found in this study.
Adolescent↗
Peptic ulcer disease in early infancy: clinical presentation and roentgenographic features.
Sixteen infants under 11 weeks of age developed documented peptic ulcer disease involving the stomach, duodenum or pylorus during an eight-year period in a Newborn Intensive Care Unit. The precipitous onset of gastrointestinal bleeding and/or perforation commonly associated with ulcer disease in early infancy was present in only seven (44%) of the 16 patients. The remaining nine infants (56%) presented with recurrent emesis, a presentation of peptic ulcer disease rarely described in the first weeks of life. Contrast radiography was used to demonstrate a definite ulcer crate in 13 of these patients. Two had their ulcers diagnosed at surgery and one by endoscopy. Radiographic demonstration of pylorospasm and/or gastric retention was often associated with ulcer craters located in the pyloric channel or gastric antrum. Only two patients required surgery for massive bleeding and perforation. The remainder were successfully managed medically using orogastric suction antacids and gradual resumption of milk feedings. There were no deaths within our population attributable to peptic ulcer disease.
Antacids↗
Acceptance of conditional suicide and euthanasia among adult Americans.
Analysis of the attitudes of a 1977 cross-sectional sample of 1,530 American adults concerning euthanasia and suicide indicates that sex, age, and education are significant variables. Males, those who are younger and those who are better educated, are more likely to approve of euthanasia and suicide when a person has an incurable disease. Religious affiliation was not an important variable, although those who were frequent church-service attenders or who were high on religiosity were highly likely to reject euthanasia and suicide.
Adult↗
Surgical approaches in fetal radiography and the study of skeletal age in Macaca mulatta.
The fetal surgery and fetal radiography utilized in longitudinal radiographic study of bone maturation in Macaca mulatta and their implications for fetal surgery are discussed. The novel technique of serial uterotomies and multiple exposure of the same fetus (two-week intervals) starting on 120 days of gestation as well as anesthesia and surgical procedures are presented.
Abortion, Veterinary↗
Fluid and rigid boundaries of paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics on a role-playing task.
The concepts of fluid and rigid boundaries were assessed in an improvisational role-playing task in an attempt to differentiate paranoid from nonparanoid schizophrenics. Thirty-one schizophrenic patients divided into paranoid, intermediate, and nonparanoid groups were given an improvisational role-playing task. The resulting scenes were analyzed by Fluid Boundary and Rigid Boundary scales, which were developed on the basis of specific aspects of the physical and verbal representations of characters, objects, and settings. The hypothesis that variations in the disruption or emphasis of representational boundaries differentiate paranoid and nonparanoid symptomatology received support. Paranoid schizophrenics scored higher on the Rigid Boundary scale, i.e erecting and/or exaggerating physical and interpersonal boundaries; and nonparanoid schizophrenics scored higher on Fluid Boundary scale, i.e. showing fused and fluid representations of characters, objects, and settings. Improvisational role-playing seems to hold promise as a medium with diagnostic value.
Adolescent↗
Accidental ingestion of Vacor rodenticide: the symptoms and sequelae in a 25-month-old child.
A recently introduced rodenticide containing N-3-pyridylmethyl N'-p-nitrophenyl urea (PNU), Vacor, was accidently ingested by a 25-month-old child, resulting in acute vomiting, lethargy, seizures, and hypoglycemia, as well as chronic evidence of autonomic and peripheral neuropathy and glucose intolerance. Treatment with niacinamide (nicotinamide), may have been of benefit since all problems were resolved within three months of ingestion. This agent (PNU) is remarkably similar chemically and toxicologically to alloxan and streptozocin, both potent beta-cell toxins. These similarities are not only important in regard to the antodite for PNU, but they also suggest that the toxin m,y cause long-term endocrinologic, neurlogic, and oncologic problems.
Accidents, Home↗
Neurotoxicity of sodium cyanate. New pathological and ultrastructural observations in Maccaca nemestrina.
The effects of sodium cyanate (NaNCO) on the nervous system of Maccaca nemestrina were studied at 2, 4, and 6 months of administration of the drug. The two groups injected with daily doses of 35 and 25 mg/kg/day of Na-cyanate developed a predominantly demyelinating lesion in the pyramidal tracts of the spinal cord. No neuronal changes were observed in the motor cortex, basal ganglia, midbrain, medulla or anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. There was no evidence of peripheral neuropathy. A comparison between the cyanate induced neuropathy in the rat and in the primate was drawn. Ultrastructurally, both species developed a demyelinating process of central or peripheral myelin characterized by vacuolation of the myelin sheath, removal of myelin debris by macrophages and re-myelination. There was little evidence of axoplasmic damage except for an occasional distended fiber containing abundant dense bodies and whorls of neurofilaments. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells were electron microscopically intact and participated actively in remyelination. Maccacas maintained at 15 mg/day and sham animals remained normal clinically and anatomically. The predominantly myelinotoxic effect of cyanate is similar to that produced by other myelinotoxic agents and is attributed to a selective modification of myelin proteins by carbamylation.
Animals↗
The oxidative inactivation of human alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor. Further evidence for methionine at the reactive center.
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Amino Acids↗
Separation of conjoined thoracopagous twins joined at the right atrial.
A case of conjoined thoracopagous twins with a shared atrial myocardium who were successfully surgically separated is described. Twin B had hypoplastic right heart syndrome and was dependent on Twin A for oxygenation of her blood. The twins were surgically separated by dilating Twin B's ductus arteriosus with an infusion of prostaglandin E1 and creating an aortopulmonary shunt to increase her pulmonary blood flow; both twins survived the operation. However, 1 week after surgery Twin B had hepatic and renal failure and died.
Adolescent↗