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Biomedical subjects

D Jocham

Publications and source records attributed to D Jocham.

139 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy--beginning of a restructuring in the treatment of urinary calculi?].

After 31/2 years experiences with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) 852 patients have been treated. Because of the significant expansion of indications for ESWL from 15 to 70% of unselected stone formers, a permanent decrease of surgical stone removal can be expected, when ESWL availability is more sufficient. This may cause a change in the urological routine management of stone disease.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Expansion of extracorporeal shock were lithotripsy by auxiliary methods].

With the introduction of the ESWL, this non-invasive form of treatment has proved itself to be an alternative to surgical renal stone therapy. The increasing application of auxiliary methods has results in a vast extention of the indications for ESWL-monotherapy. Therefore, presently, practically all patients with urolithiasis can be treated non-invasively, where previously, surgery had to be performed.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1983

[Prostate cytology. 12 years' experience with transrectal fine needle biopsy].

From January 1970 until November 1982 7814 fine needle biopsies of the prostate were performed in 5856 patients in the urological clinic of the University of Munich. Our experience with this method demonstrates, that the technique is not as easy and must be taught carefully. The diagnostic accuracy depends mostly on the clinician who performs the procedure, less on the cytopathologist. It is possible to distinguish a normal cytological pattern as well as different degrees of infection and different types of tumour-malignancy of the prostatic cancer. Therapy-induced tumour-regression also can be diagnosed. Because of few complications and its high diagnostic reliability the method deserves increased use.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1982

First clinical experience with extracorporeally induced destruction of kidney stones by shock waves.

We performed extracorporeally induced destruction of kidney stones on 72 patients. No complications have resulted from the tissue exposure to high energy shock waves. Clearance studies before and after the shock wave treatment indicate no changes in renal function. The method was used successfully in all patients with stones in the renal pelvis. In none of these patients was an open operation required. Two patients with ureteral stones also were treated with shock waves but had to be operated upon because of insufficient destruction of the stone.

Electric Stimulation Therapy↗
PubMed1982

[Value of urinary cytology in urological diagnosis. Report after ten years (author's transl)].

Since January 1970 to August 1981 2298 urinary cytological examinations on 1228 patients were done in the urological clinic and policlinic of the university of Munich. With this material we have examined the value of this method in urologic practice. Increasing numbers in urinary cytology point out the confidence that is placed in this technique. Primary tumors of the urinary tract can be recognized cytologically with high reliability. The diagnosis is more difficult during the first 6 months postoperatively or during chemotherapy.

Cystitis↗
PubMed1980

[Transrectal aspiration biopsy of the prostate].

Transrectal aspiration biopsy and cytologic examination are reliable methods to diagnose a carcinoma of the prostate. However, it is not widely used in other than Scandinavian countries. The reason for this is the difficulty of using a correct biopsy technique and a good preparation of the smear. The technique is not as easy as one may think and must be taught carefully. The diagnostic accuracy depends mostly on the clinician who performs the needling, less on the cytopathologist. Cytological grading is a valuable indicator for the biological activity of a carcinoma of the prostate. Cytological follow-up of a treated carcinoma gives important information about the effectiveness of therapy.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1980

Effects of obstruction on single-kidney function: clinical and experimental results with 131I-hippurate and 99mTc-DMSA.

In 35 patients, renography with 131I-o-hippurate (OIH) and static renal imaging with 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) were used to measure differential renal function (DRF). The results were compared. Depth correction was applied in both methods. In non-obstructed kidneys (19 patients), both methods revealed nearly identical kidney function (r = 0.98). For completely obstructed kidneys (16 patients), OIH gave a significantly better DRF (14 ml/min) than DMSA. This small difference was of no clinical value. Because DMSA is reported to give unreliable results in unilateral obstructed kidneys, the right ureter was ligated in 8 dogs for 10 days and DRF was measured before and after opening an ureteral fistula. The difference in DRF was about 1% and could be accounted for by the amount of urinary radioactivity collected from the pelvic system after the ligature had been opened. Although DMSA appears to give reliable values in determining DRF, even in obstructed kidneys, OIH is preferred since total clearance values and postrenal urinary dynamics can be determined simultaneously.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Feasibility of the adoptive transfusion of allogenic human leukocyte antigen-matched natural killer cells in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Patients with metastasized renal cell carcinoma have a poor prognosis with conventional therapies. The feasibility and safety of donating purified natural killer (NK) cells without additional cytokines were evaluated. In contrast to all previous studies, the NK cells were derived from allogenic donors. The NK cell donors were HLA-C matched to enable NK cell inhibition via killer cell inhibitory receptors and HLA-C. This should obviate a graft-versus-host reaction against nonmalignant HLA-expressing tissues in the allogenic constellation. The average number of cells applied per transfusion was 1.02 +/- 0.265 x 10(9). The purity of the NK cells was 85% to 95%, and most of the contaminating cells were monocytes. Twenty-six transfusions given to 11 patients did not cause any minor or major adverse effects, with the exception of one episode of transient fever. One patient had an objective regression of his lung metastases that had been progressing continuously before. No cytotoxic HLA antibodies could be detected 3 weeks after the transfusions. The observed tolerance to this therapeutic regimen suggests the need for further studies with increased doses of cytokine-activated NK cells.

Adoptive Transfer↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DNA-grading of prostatic carcinoma: prognostic validity and reproducibility.

The prognostic significance of the DNA-Malignancy-Grade (DNA-MG) was tested in 52 prostatic carcinoma patients in comparison with a cytomorphological grading system and the clinical staging. Papanicolaou- or MGG stained smears from transrectal aspiration biopsies were automatically restained according to Feulgen in a modified Shandon staining machine. The DNA-MG, based on the variation of the nuclear DNA content of tumor cells around the normal DNA peak, ranges on a continuous scale from 0.01 to 3.0. It was determined with a TV-image analysis system (Leitz, TAS plus), combined with an automatic microscope. The DNA-MG revealed a high prognostic validity, the clinical stage showed only a minor influence on the survival time and the cytopathologic grading system was of insufficient prognostic information. Significant differences in survival time could be demonstrated between patients with DNA-MGs of 0.01-1.5 and 1.5-3.0, as well as with DNA-MGs 1.0-2.0 and 2.0-3.0. The intra- and interobserver variations of the DNA grading system were found to be sigma = 0.014 and sigma = 0.036 respectively. The reproducibilities were 86.7% for intra- and interobserver measurements, when the continuous DNA-MG scale was divided in three groups.

Aged↗