Indole, tryptamine and 2-phenethylamine are putrefactive products which may be found in decaying human tissue. They may be identified by the data given found in decaying human tissue. They may be identified by the data given for infrared and ultraviolet spectrometry, fluorometry, thin layer and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Quantitative studies may be made using the gas chromatography method described. The rate of formation is affected by temperature and preservatives and may be prevented if necessary by the use of sodium fluoride. No relationship between the production of these materials (and alcohol) and time since the post-mortem examination could be established. The post-mortem examinations took place within 24 hours of death.

Ethanol↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Interfering basic materials in urine from racing greyhounds.

Three quinoline amines, 2-aminomethylquinoline, 2-hydroxymethylquinoline and quinaldine (2-methylquinoline), are identified in greyhound urine. These amines can interfere in the analysis of greyhound material for basic drugs. This is a special problem in ultraviolet spectrometry since their extinction coefficients are high. Reference analytical data for these quinoline amines and for six related compounds are given. The techniques used are infrared spectrometry, ultraviolet spectrometry, fluorometry, thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.

Amines↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Glucan synthesis in Pneumocystis carinii.

Rat-derived Pneumocystis carinii lysed with sodium deoxycholate catalysed the incorporation of uridine diphosphoglucose into an insoluble polymer. This enzyme activity was present in both the pellet and the supernatant when the P. carinii preparations were centrifuged. The polymer whose production was catalysed by the supernatant was examined by mass spectrometry and found to be an alpha 1----4 glucan, which is either unbranched or has relatively few branches. Polymer formation was completely inhibited by the addition of alpha amyloglucohydrolase to the supernatant. Polymer formation in the pellet of deoxycholate P. carinii preparations, unlike that in the supernatant, was partially resistant to alpha amyloglucohydrolase. The soluble glucan synthase activity in the supernatant was stable for more than 30 h at room temperature and was approximately 50 times more active on a cell-to-cell basis than the supernatant from deoxycholate preparations of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

African buffalo serum contains novel trypanocidal protein.

The high ability of African buffalo, as compared to domestic cattle, to control infections with Trypanosoma brucei brucei ILTat 1.4 organisms did not correlate with the timing or magnitude of parasite surface coat-specific antibody responses and may have resulted from the constitutive presence in buffalo blood of a novel trypanocidal factor. Buffalo plasma and serum contained material that killed bloodstream stage T. b. brucei, T. b. rhodesiense, T. b. gambiense, T. evansi, T. congolense, and T. vivax organisms during four h of incubation at 37 degrees C in vitro. Serum from eland was also trypanocidal whereas serum from oryx, waterbuck, yellow-back duiker, cattle, horse, sheep, goat, mouse, rat, and rabbit was not trypanocidal. The buffalo serum trypanocidal material was not lipoprotein, or IgG, and had the following properties: 1) a density of > 1.24 g/ml determined by flotation ultracentrifugation; 2) insolubility in 50% saturated ammonium sulphate; 3) non-reactivity with anti-bovine IgM, and anti-bovine IgG; 4) non-reactivity with protein G, and protein A; 5) a relative molecular mass of 152 kDa determined by chromatography on Sephacryl S 300, and of 133 kDa determined by chromatography of the 50% SAS cut of IgG-depleted buffalo serum on Superose 12; 6) no associated cholesterol; and 7) inactivation by digestion with proteinase K that was immobilized on agarose.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Use of the CO2 laser in otology.

There are conflicting reports of the effect on the inner ear of the use of a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. In four cats, we made middle ear lesions with a CO2 laser. Subsequent evaluation by inverted-phase and scanning electron microscopy revealed no inner ear pathology attributable to the CO2 laser. Apparently, appropriate use of the CO2 laser does not harm the inner ear.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

New rapid method for the study of Pneumocystis carinii interaction with alveolar macrophages.

Understanding the pathophysiology of Pneumocystis carinii infection has been limited by the availability of methods for precisely measuring the interaction of P. carinii with host cells. Here we describe a new method which allows for the rapid assessment of P. carinii binding to, and internalization by, adherent alveolar macrophages. The method is based on the detection of fluorescein-labelled P. carinii by an automated fluorescence measurement system.

Cells, Cultured↗

PubMedDate not supplied

True thymic hyperplasia: an unrecognised cause of cardiac murmur?

Anterior mediastinal neoplasms are known to be causes of pressure symptoms on the heart and great vessels. This report describes a case of true thymic hyperplasia, a rare non-neoplastic condition, and speculates that pressure from this hyperplastic thymus may have produced a cardiac murmur.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

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Consultants↗