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Biomedical subjects

D J Stoker

Publications and source records attributed to D J Stoker.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Fibrous dysplasia of the spine.

Fibrous dysplasia affecting the spine is unusual. A further 11 cases are reported and the radiological features are described. The complications and difficulties with the diagnosis of this condition are discussed.

Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone↗
PubMed1988

Interpreting the skeletal X-ray.

Despite the advances in other imaging techniques, the plain radiograph remains the most important radiological method for diagnosis in bone. Variations in bony appearances are common and it is important to identify the normal as well as to interpret the abnormal. Observations from the X-ray about the rate of growth of a lesion serve to supplement the histopathological findings.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Metastatic tumours of bones of the hand and foot. A comparative review and report of 43 additional cases.

Metastases in the bones of the hands and feet are rare. The literature relating to these tumours has been reviewed, and 43 new cases are reported. In the cumulative total of cases, metastases to the hand outnumber those to the foot 2:1 (196 cases as against 94). Bronchial carcinoma is the most common neoplasm metastasising to the hand. Subdiaphragmatic neoplasms such as gastrointestinal, vesical, renal and uterine malignancies, metastasize more frequently to the foot. A possible explanation for this latter finding is the retrograde spread of tumour emboli from the vertebral venous plexus down incompetent leg veins.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The periosteal sunburst reaction to bone metastases. A literature review and report of 20 additional cases.

The periosteal sunburst reaction is an unusual response to metastatic bone tumours. Fifty such cases are reported in the literature, and 20 additional cases are reported in this study. The most common primary tumour showing this response is prostatic carcinoma, and the majority of cases are associated with osteoblastic metastases. Twenty percent of sunburst metastases occur in bones distal to the elbow and knee, a much higher prevalence than is found overall in bone metastases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[X-ray morphology of osseous changes in pigmented villonodular synovitis of the joints].

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) of the joints is a rare, benign and generally monoarticular tumour-like soft tissue lesion of the synovium. The secondary bone changes, seen in plain films of 25 patients with PVNS are described. The main radiological features were paraarticular erosions, often with a thin sclerotic border. As a late manifestation these erosions tended to coalesce and to form large multicystic areas. These defects were observed particularly in the more tightly encapsulated joints, such as the hip, wrist, finger and toe. In 3 cases with involvement of the knee the lesions were monostotic. PVNS may be mistaken radiologically for other lesions such as malignant tumours or inflammatory disorders. The differential diagnosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Contrast media in double-contrast arthrography of the knee: a comparison of ioxaglate and iothalamate preparations.

Hexabrix (sodium and meglumine ioxaglate) is a satisfactory medium for use in double-contrast knee arthrography. It shows no advantage over the ionic medium, meglumine iothalamate, in the quality of the immediate films, but it produces significantly better coating of the meniscus in delayed films and better results in knees which have an effusion. These advantages are to some extent counteracted by the fact that Hexabrix causes more pain or discomfort after the examination than meglumine iothalamate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Arthrography of the shoulder after operative repair of the torn rotator cuff.

Double-contrast shoulder arthrograms were performed in 20 patients at an average of 30 months after operative repair of a torn rotator cuff. In 18 out of 20 shoulders the contrast medium leaked into the subacromial bursa indicating a defect in the rotator cuff. Despite this, 17 patients had complete relief of pain and 15 had a full range of shoulder elevation. The results suggest that a completely watertight closure is not essential for a good functional result, and that arthrography may not be helpful in the investigation of failure of repair.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Percutaneous vertebral biopsy: a review of 135 cases.

The technique and advantages of undertaking percutaneous biopsy of vertebral lesions as a radiological procedure are described and illustrated with a series of 135 biopsies. An overall accuracy of 88.9% was achieved. The technique has a low morbidity and offers considerable advantages to the patient compared with open surgical biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Fibrous dysplasia of the femoral neck.

Fibrous dysplasia of the femur is usually observed in the intertrochanteric region. It is rarely confined to the femoral neck. We present four cases illustrating the radiographic appearance and spectrum of this condition which all showed the relatively lucent variety of fibrous dysplasia with varying degrees of expansion and surrounding sclerosis. The natural history of this condition is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Comparative study of iohexol and meglumine iothalamate in double-contrast knee arthrography.

A comparison has been made between meglumine iothalamate and a low-osmolar contrast medium, iohexol, in arthrography of the knee. A controlled study evaluated the immediate and delayed patient response as well as the quality of the examination, which was assessed by two radiologists without knowledge of which contrast medium had been employed. The results show that iohexol is a good contrast medium for knee arthrography but offers no advantages to offset the increased cost compared with contrast media in current use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Avulsion fractures of the scapula.

Fractures of the scapula due to direct violence are relatively common. Wilber and Evans [18] reported 40 scapular fractures and reviewed the literature. All those injured had received direct trauma to the shoulder and they were able to divide their cases into two groups, based on anatomical location and functional results. Scapular fractures due to avulsion of the muscular attachments are uncommon and, as reports of these injuries in the literature are usually confined to single cases, no classification has been established which takes account of the anatomical sites at which these fractures occur and the mechanism of injury involved. In this paper the more common sites of avulsion injury of the scapula are described and illustrated by case reports. In several of these the skeletal injury resulted from muscle contraction against a resisted force on the upper limb during the course of an accident. This mechanism has been implicated in fractures of the coracoid and acromion, but is shown in this paper to contribute to other avulsion fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Chondromyxoid fibroma of bone.

Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare benign neoplasm of bone with a predominant incidence in the second and third decades of life. The commonest site is on either side of the knee joint. There is often endosteal sclerosis, well-defined scalloping and other benign features, although the cortex may be destroyed. It is commonly eccentric and rarely shows radiological evidence of calcification. The radiological features of 31 histologically confirmed cases are described and the literature is reviewed. Chondromyxoid fibroma may be mistaken radiologically for other lesions, particularly when it does not occur in a characteristic site; the differential diagnosis is discussed.

Adolescent↗