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Biomedical subjects

D J McCarty

Publications and source records attributed to D J McCarty.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Rheumatoid nodulosis: an unusual variant of rheumatoid disease.

A middle-aged man developed multiple subcutaneous nodules associated with palindromic rheumatism. There was little evidence of synovitis; however multiple cyst-like intraosseous radiolucencies were noted. Nodules from two sites were histologically typical rheumatoid nodules. Subjective and objective improvement occurred during penicillamine therapy. This clincial presentation seems sufficiently distinctive to warrant characterization as a variant of rheumatoid disease termed by us: rheumatoid nodulosis.

Arthritis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An overview of cellular and molecular mechanisms in cyrstal-induced inflammation.

In this account the authors have attempted to provide an introductory overview of the mechanisms of crystal-induced inflammation. More specific studies are given in other papers in this symposium. Like clinical gout itself, study of the sodium urate crystal has turned out to have a venerable heritage. Specific crystal identification has proved clinically useful.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Crystal shedding and acute pseudogout. An hypothesis based on a therapeutic failure.

Four patients with chondrocalcinosis of the knees volunteered for joint lavage. Preliminary experiments indicated that disodium EDTA and magnesium ions were potent solubilizers of CPPD crystals. The procedure was a therapeutic failure in that insignificant amounts of CPPD were removed and all 4 subjects developed postlavage attacks of pseudogout. It is hypothesized that the acute attack of pseudogout is a result of crystal shedding and may be triggered by any factor that enhances CPPD solubility.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The global epidemiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome.

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) constitutes about 85% of all cases of diabetes in developed countries and it has now reached epidemic proportions in many developing nations, as well as disadvantaged groups in developed countries, e.g., Mexican- and African-Americans and Australian Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders. The diagnosis of NIDDM is usually made after the age of 50 years in Europids, but it is seen at much younger age in these high prevalence populations, which also include Pacific Islanders, Native Americans, and migrant Asian Indians and Chinese. There is enormous variation in NIDDM prevalence between populations, and exceptionally high rates have been documented in populations who have changed from a traditional to a modern lifestyle, e.g., American Pima Indians, Micronesians, and other Pacific Islanders, Australian Aborigines, migrant Asian Indians, and Mexican-Americans. Over the next decade, following the initial phase of the NIDDM epidemic, macro- and microvascular complications will emerge as a major threat to future public health throughout the world with huge economic and social costs. The major cause of death in NIDDM is macrovascular disease (coronary artery, peripheral vascular, and cerebrovascular), which accounts for at least two-thirds of NIDDM mortality. A key strategy in reducing macrovascular disease lies in the better understanding of the Deadly Quartet or Metabolic Syndrome. New data suggest that hyperleptinemia rather than hyperinsulinemia may play an important and central role in the genesis of the cardiovascular disease risk factor cluster that constitutes the Metabolic Syndrome.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy for the correction of myopia of -6.00 diopters or less. Melbourne Excimer Laser Group.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) compared to photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for the correction of low or moderate myopia (-0.50 to -6.00 D) at 6 months after surgery. METHODS: The study population comprised a non-randomized consecutive series of 622 eyes of 392 patients who were treated with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser. LASIK was performed using the ACS Chiron microkeratome on 314 eyes and surface PRK on 308 eyes. All patients were treated using a standard protocol, then assessed at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Forty-four percent of the LASIK group and 67% of the PRK group attended their 6-month examination. Eighty percent of patients (111 eyes) after LASIK and 65% (136 eyes) after PRK had an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better. Spherical equivalent refraction was within +/-0.50 D of intended refraction in 78% (109 eyes) for LASIK and 82% (170 eyes) for PRK. Loss of two more lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity at 6 months occurred in 1.4% (2 eyes) of the LASIK group and 1.0% (2 eyes) of the PRK group. CONCLUSION: At 1 month follow-up, the percentage of eyes that achieved 20/20 uncorrected visual acuity was greater in the LASIK group than in the PRK group. At 6 months, visual and refractive outcomes of LASIK and PRK were similar. Although flap related complications occurred only after LASIK, the overall risk of loss of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was not significantly greater than for PRK.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Variation in plasma and urinary inorganic phosphate and pyrophosphate in normal subjects and in patients with acromegaly or osteoarthritis.

Plasma inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) and inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) levels, urinary PPi and Pi excretion were measured every 2 h for a day in 4 normal subjects on a normal diet and again while fasting; 5 patients with osteoarthritis and 4 patients with acromegaly were also studied. Plasma Pi values were elevated at night in all subjects and were highest in the acromegalic patients. Mean plasma PPi was lower during fasting and correlated with Pi levels in all non-fasting subjects. Urinary Pi and PPi were strongly correlated; both were lower in fasting subjects. Food intake and the time of blood sampling are important biological variables that must be considered when interpreting plasma PPi levels.

Acromegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical significance of synovial fluid total hemolytic complement activity.

Total hemolytic complement (CH50) was measured in 174 synovial fluids (SF) to determine its diagnostic and and prognostic value. SF CH50 was reduced relative to serum CH50 in 61% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 60% of patients with crystal-induced arthritis. There was no correlation of SF CH50 levels with disease duration, SF leukocyte count, presence of IgM rheumatoid factor, or radiologic evidence of erosions.

Arthritis, Reactive↗