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Biomedical subjects

D J Krus

Publications and source records attributed to D J Krus.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Single-and dual-energy CT with monochromatic synchrotron x-rays.

We explored the potential for clinical research of computed tomography (CT) with monochromatic x-rays using the preclinical multiple energy computed tomography (MECT) system at the National Synchrotron Light Source. MECT has a fixed, horizontal fan beam with a subject apparatus rotating about a vertical axis; it will be used for imaging the human head and neck. Two CdWO4-photodiode array detectors with different spatial resolutions were used. A 10.5 cm diameter acrylic phantom was imaged with MECT at 43 keV and with a conventional CT (CCT) at 80 kVp: spatial resolution approximately equal to 6.5 line pairs (lp)/cm for both; slice height, 2.6 mm for MECT against 3.0 mm for CCT; surface dose, 3.1 cGy for MECT against 2.0 cGy for CCT. The resultant image noise was 1.5 HU for MECT against 3 HU for CCT. Computer simulations of the same images with more precisely matched spatial resolution, slice height and dose indicated an image-noise ratio of 1.4:1.0 for CCT against MECT. A 13.5 cm diameter acrylic phantom imaged with MECT at approximately 0.1 keV above the iodine K edge and with CCT showed, for a 240 micrograms I ml-1 solution, an image contrast of 26 HU for MECT and 13 and 9 HU for the 80 and 100 kVp CCT, respectively. The corresponding numbers from computer simulation of the same images were 26, 12, and 9 HU, respectively. MECT's potential for use in clinical research is discussed.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1997

Changes in crime rates and family-related values in selected East European countries.

Observations and longitudinal comparisons of emerging trends within formerly socialist East European countries offer a unique opportunity to observe some of the social policies typical of the capitalist and socialist systems and their influence on society. Some of the emerging trends in the Czech Republic, former East Germany, and Russia pertaining to general areas of public health, family, and crime are described. Effects of these changes are discussed within the framework of a recently proposed multiple regression model of criminal behavior in which criminality is attributed to the confluence of gross inequalities in the distribution of wealth and to the disintegration of the traditional family. The changes should be considered in the conduct of research.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Class differences and traffic deaths.

The transition of the East European countries from socialist to capitalist economies is marked by an exponential rise in traffic-related deaths. This increase is routinely ascribed to the rising numbers of privately owned cars; however, this explanation does not take into account the fact that, while in the Western societies the number of cars on the road and number of traffic deaths are positively correlated, in the postcommunist countries this correlation is negative. This finding is discussed within the framework of an hypothesis that class differences and related feelings of superiority contribute to homicides related to moving vehicles.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1986

Time: a speeding train or wind-driven sand? The estimation of fixed temporal intervals as related to images of time.

Relationship between Knapp's metaphor scale of attitudes toward time and subjective estimation of fixed time intervals, measured by a modification of Lovett Doust's method, was described. Results were discussed within the framework of studies relating the measurements of cognitive styles and altered consciousness states to the dilated or accelerated perceptions of time.

Adult↗