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D J Kim

Publications and source records attributed to D J Kim.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Lack of excess maternal transmission of type 2 diabetes in a Korean population.

The purpose of this study was to assess the familial clustering of type 2 diabetes and to investigate the presence of excess maternal transmission of type 2 diabetes in Korea. The medical records of 56,492 subjects (31,680 men and 24,812 women), who attended the Health Promotion Center were examined. The subjects were questioned about their parents' diabetes status. All study subjects were classified into the three groups (normal fasting glucose (NFG), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes). Offspring with paternal diabetes (odds ratio 2.54, 95% CI 2.22-2.91, P < 0.001) and those with maternal diabetes (odds ratio 3.10, 95% CI 2.76-3.49, P < 0.001) were at increased risk for diabetes when compared to subjects without parental diabetes and adjusted for other clinical and biochemical variables. Offspring with bilineal parental diabetes were at a greater risk for diabetes (odds ratio 6.09, 95% CI 4.55-8.16, P < 0.001) when compared to subjects without parental diabetes. In both genders, offspring with maternal diabetes showed no increased risk for diabetes (odds ratio 1.22, 95% CI 0.92-1.37, P + 0.266 in men; odds ratio 1.31, 95% CI 0.95-1.81, P = 0.104 in women) when compared with those with paternal diabetes. The data suggested that parental type 2 diabetes was an independent risk factor for offspring type 2 diabetes in this Korean population. Excess maternal transmission of type 2 diabetes was not observed.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed2004

Cadaveric renal transplantation in hepatitis B antigen-positive recipients using hepatitis B antigen-positive donor organs with lamivudine treatment.

Although renal transplantation has been regarded as the best renal replacement therapy in end-stage renal disease patients, there have never been enough organ donors. Therefore, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients are often given priority over HBsAg-positive patients. We performed cadaveric renal transplantation in six HBsAg-positive recipients given HBsAg-positive donor organs who were on lamivudine treatment. Donors were found to have normal renal function by serum and urine laboratory tests. All recipients underwent liver biopsies before transplantation; those with liver cirrhosis were excluded. All recipients were treated with 100 mg lamivudine once daily because of positive titers of hepatitis B viral (HBV) DNA (three patients), and increased levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (three patients). During the follow-up period, one patient died from hepatic failure at 50 months after transplantation without deterioration of graft function. The remaining five patients showed sustained normal ALT levels. Decreases in HBV DNA titer were observed among patients who were positive before transplantation, but did not reverse to negative. Acute rejection developed in two patients: one was treated successfully with steroid pulse therapy, and the other had two bouts of acute rejection within a 33-month interval. The first was successfully treated with steroid pulse therapy, but the second failed. The four remaining patients have maintained normal renal function for a considerable time. HBsAg-positive donor organs must be used carefully in renal transplantation of HBsAg-positive recipients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Prognostic factors affecting graft and patient survival in cadaveric and living kidney transplantation.

Numerous studies have reported various prognostic factors that affect graft and patient survival in living and cadaveric donor kidney transplantation (KT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors affecting graft and patient survivals in living and cadaveric donor KT. Between February 1995 and December 2001, 421 patients who had undergone cadaveric donor KT (group I: 216 cases, 51.3%) or living donor KT (group II: 205 cases, 48.7%), were retrospectively analyzed. Five-year overall graft survival rates in living was significantly better than that in cadaveric donor KT, respectively (P = .0234). There was no difference in patient survival rates between the two groups. Such factors as absence of rejection, female donor, female recipient, adult KT according to recipient age (>14 years), and donor serum creatinine level just before transplantation (< 2.5 mg/dL) were significantly associated with good graft survival among cadaveric donor KT, whereas two factors-absence of rejection and adult KT according to recipient age (>14 years)-influenced graft survival in living donor KT. In multivariate analysis, the only significant prognostic factor related to graft survival was the presence of rejection. In conclusion, we suggest that the presence of rejection is the only factor that impairs graft survival in both cadaveric and living donor KT, while other factors affected graft survival differently in the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of human polyomavirus-associated nephropathy in renal transplant recipients.

Human polyomavirus type BK may be related to interstitial nephropathy or renal-allograft dysfunction. Patients with nephropathy due to infection with human polyomavirus may be identified early using the polymerase chain reaction(PCR). We attempted to evaluate whether the positive response in the PCR test of BK virus DNA in the plasma of renal transplant recipients affects the function of the renal allograft. Seventy-seven patients were prospectively analyzed according to the operative sex, age, sources of allograft, serum creatinine levels during PCR test for BK virus, postoperative type of immunosuppressant, and presence of graft rejection. Two groups were distinguished according to the PCR result for BK virus: group 1 (n = 12) positive PCR reaction and group 2 (n = 65) negative reaction. The mean follow-up was 32.6 weeks. The incidence of positive PCR tests for BK virus replication after renal transplantation was 15.6%. Decoy cells in the urine were detected in 20.7%. The incidence of BK virus nephropathy was 1.3%. The mean serum creatinine levels of group 1 and 2 at the time of the PCR tests were 1.34 and 1.22, respectively. The rejection rates in group 1 and 2 were 8% and 4.5%, respectively (P > .05). We consider that a PCR assay to detect BK virus in renal recipients blood may be useful to identify patients at risk for nephropathy. It may serve as a noninvasive indicator of BK virus replication, although this study is limited by the short follow-up and small numbers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Effect of panel-reactive antibody positivity on graft rejection before or after kidney transplantation.

INTRODUCTION: Because it is well known that kidney transplant recipients with preformed lymphocytotoxic antibodies against HLA antigens have increased graft rejection rates, a serological crossmatch is routinely performed before kidney transplantation. But, the presence of these antibodies is not routinely monitored after transplantation. We investigated the panel-reactive antibody (PRA) response to know whether variations before or after kidney transplantation were associated with graft rejection. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed sera from 350 renal allograft recipients from September 1998 to March 2003. Pretransplantation and posttransplantation sera at 3 or 5 weeks postoperatively were tested in PRA. Recipients were stratified into 3 groups according to their PRA levels group I, PRA = 0; group II, PRA = less than 50%, and group III, PRA = more than 50%. RESULTS: The total graft rejection rate among 350 recipients was 9.4% (n = 33). Twenty-four pretransplantation PRA-positive recipients had a graft rejection rate of 20.8% (n = 5), compared with an 8.6% (n = 28) rate among 326 pretransplantation PRA-negative recipients. Six of 24 posttransplantation PRA-positive recipients (25%) experienced a graft rejection versus 27 (8.3%) of 326 posttransplantation PRA-negative subjects. Among the pretransplantation PRA stratae, the rejection rate in group III was 25% (1 of 4) versus 20% (4 of 20) in group II and 8.6% (28 of 326) in group I (P < .05). According to the postransplantation PRA level, 37.5% (3 of 8) in group III versus 18.8% (3 of 16) in group II and 8.3% (27 of 326) in group I (P < .05) had a graft rejection. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the PRA response pretransplantation and in the early posttransplantation period correlates with the kidney allograft rejection rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of nitrifiers in piggery wastewater treatment reactors.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to analyze the nitrifying microbial communities in an activated sludge reactor (ASR) and a fixed biofilm reactor (FBR) for piggery wastewater treatment. Heterotrophic oxidation and nitrification were occurring simultaneously in the ASR and the COD and nitrification efficiencies depend on the loads. In the FBR nitrification efficiency also depends on ammonium load to the reactor and nitrite was accumulated when free ammonia concentration was higher than 0.2 mg NH3-N/L. FISH analysis showed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (NSO1225) and denitrifying bacteria (RRP1088) were less abundant than other bacteria (EUB338) in ASR. Further analysis on nitrifying bacteria in the FBR showed that Nitrosomonas species (NSM156) and Nitrospira species (NSR1156) were the dominant ammonia-oxidizing and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, respectively, in the piggery wastewater nitrification system.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Therapeutic effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on anaemia with erythropoietin deficiency in diabetic patients.

AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) on anaemia with erythropoietin deficiency in diabetic patients. METHODS: Twenty diabetic patients with anaemia and Epo deficiency were enrolled. All patients were treated with rHuEpo (Epokine; 4000 U/day s.c., three times a week) for 8 weeks. RESULTS: The responder group (n = 14) had significant increments in haemoglobin compared with the non-responder group (n = 6) (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the responder and non-responder groups in terms of duration of diabetes mellitus, serum creatinine level, 24-h urine albumin excretion rates, frequency of diabetic microangiopathy, or HbA1c. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of serum iron and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC). Serum ferritin level was significantly higher in the responder group than in the non-responder group (240.3 +/- 108.4, 25.8 +/- 3.0 micro g/l, P < 0.05), as was transferrin saturation (32.7 +/- 7.9%, 21.2 +/- 5.3%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: rHuEpo could be useful in the treatment of anaemia with erythropoietin deficiency in diabetic patients, and the degree of iron storage and functional iron deficiency might be the main cause of hyporesponsiveness to rHuEpo.

Anemia↗
PubMed2003

Nitrifying microbial community analysis of nitrite accumulating biofilm reactor by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Biological nitrogen removal via nitrite pathway in wastewater treatment is very important especially in the cost of aeration and as an electron donor for denitrification. Wastewater nitrification and nitrite accumulations were carried out in a biofllm reactor. The biofilm reactor showed almost complete nitrification and most of the oxidized ammonium was present as nitrite at the ammonium load of 1.2 kg N/m3/d. Nitrite accumulation was achieved by the selective inhibition of nitrite oxidizers by free ammonia and oxygen limitation. Nitrite oxidation activity was recovered as soon as the inhibition factor was removed. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies of the nitrite accumulating biofilm system have shown that genus Nitrosomonas which is specifically hybridized with probe NSM156 was the dominant nitrifying bacteria while Nitrospira was less abundant than those of normal nitrification systems. Further FISH analysis showed that the combinations of Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira cells were identified as important populations of nitrifying bacteria in an autotrophic nitrifying biofilm system.

Biofilms↗
PubMed2003

Nitrification of high strength ammonia wastewater and nitrite accumulation characteristics.

Biological nitrogen removal via the nitrite pathway in wastewater treatment is very important in saving the cost of aeration and as an electron donor for denitrification. Wastewater nitrification and nitrite accumulation were carried out in a biofilm airlift reactor with autotrophic nitrifying biofilm. The biofilm reactor showed almost complete nitrification and most of the oxidized ammonium was present as nitrite at the ammonium load of 1.5 to 3.5 kg N/m3 x d. Nitrite accumulation was stably achieved by the selective inhibition of nitrite oxidizers with free ammonia and dissolved oxygen limitation. Stable 100% conversion to nitrite could also be achieved even under the absence of free ammonia inhibition on nitrite oxidizers. Batch ammonium oxidation and nitrite oxidation with nitrite accumulating nitrifying biofilm showed that nitrite oxidation was completely inhibited when free ammonia is higher than 0.2 mg N/L. However, nitrite oxidation activity was recovered as soon as the free ammonia concentration was below the threshold level when dissolved oxygen concentration was not the limiting factor. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of cryosectioned nitrite accumulating nitrifying biofilm showed that the beta-subclass of Proteobacteria, where ammonia oxidizers belong, was distributed outside the biofilm whereas the alpha-subclass of Proteobacteria, where nitrite oxidizers belong, was found mainly in the inner part of the biofilm. It is likely that dissolved oxygen deficiency or limitation in the inner part of the nitrifying biofilm, where nitrite oxidizers exist, is responsible for the complete shut down of the nitrite oxidizers activity under the absence of free ammonia inhibition.

Ammonia↗
PubMed2001

Post-initiation treatment of Indole-3-carbinol did not suppress N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats.

The consumption of cruciferous vegetables (the Family of Cruciferae) such as cabbage, broccoli and Brussels sprouts has been shown to have cancer chemopreventive effects in humans and experimental animals. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), one component of cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to exert cancer chemopreventive influence in liver, colon, and mammary tissue when given before or concurrent with exposure to a carcinogen. However in some reports, there has been evidence that consumption of I3C after carcinogen treatment might be associated with tumor promotion in some tissues. There have been no reports, to our knowledge, of post-initiation effects of I3C in the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced mammary tumor model in rats. Our studies were performed to examine this question. Ninety-six, 4-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups. The animals of groups 1, 2 and 3 received an intraperitoneal injection of MNU at the age of 50 days. The animals of groups 4 and 5 were injected with saline only at the same time. Animals of groups 1 and 2 were given diet containing 100 ppm and 300 ppm I3C from week 1 until week 25 after MNU treatment. The animals of group 4 were given basal diet containing 300 ppm I3C without MNU treatment. All animals were killed at week 25. The incidences of mammary tumors in the groups 1, 2 and 3 were 95.8% (23/24), 83.3% (20/24) and 82.4% (28/34), respectively. The average number of tumors in the tumor bearing rats of the MNU and I3C 300 ppm group (group 2; 3.85+/-0.63) was higher than that in the MNU alone group (group 3; 2.46+/-0.31). These results represented that exposure to I3C after carcinogen treatment did not suppress development of mammary tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Chemopreventive effect of 2-(allylthio)pyrazine (2-AP) on rat colon carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane (AOM).

An investigation was conducted to assess the chemopreventive effects of 2-(allylthio)pyrazine (2-AP), synthesized for potential use as a chemopreventive agent, after administration during the pre-initiation and post-initiation stages in a rat colon carcinogenesis model with azoxymethane (AOM). One hundred, 5-week-old, male F344 rats were randomly divided into two experiments (n = 50 each). Experiment 1 rats were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 rats were pre-treated with 2-AP (25 or 50 mg/kg body weight, 3 consecutive days through the route of intragastric intubations) before AOM (20 mg/kg body weight, single subcutaneous (s.c.) injection) initiation. Group 2 rats were treated with AOM alone. Group 3 rats were given 2-AP alone without AOM initiation. The animals were killed at the end of each experiment (week 5) and the aberrant crypt foci (ACF) of the colonic mucosa were assessed after staining with methylene blue. Experiment 2 rats were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 rats were given 2-AP (10, 25 or 50 mg/kg body weight, five-times intragastric intubations per week for 5 weeks from week 3) after AOM (15 mg/kg body weight, three s.c. injections) initiation for 2 weeks. Group 2 rats were treated with AOM alone. Group 3 rats were given 2-AP alone without AOM initiation. The animals were killed at the end of the experiment (week 8) and the ACF of the colonic mucosa were quantified. Total numbers of ACF/colon in Group 1 rats (pre-treated with 2-AP) tended to decrease (2-AP, 50 mg/kg body weight) or increase (2-AP, 100 mg/kg body weight) depending on the dose level. Total numbers of ACF/colon in Group 1 rats (treated with AOM followed by 2-AP, all subgroups; 160.8 +/- 38.0; 161.8 +/- 38.1; 137.1 +/- 48.4) were decreased significantly compared with the values in Group 2 rats (AOM alone; 214.8 +/- 48.1) (P < 0.05 or 0.01). The highest dose group (2-AP, 50 mg/kg body weight) had the lowest levels of total numbers of ACF/colon among the three subgroups. Total numbers of aberrant crypts (AC)/colon of the highest dose group (340.1+/- 117.9) decreased significantly compared with the value for Group 2 rats (AOM alone; 545.1 +/- 38.3). These results thus suggest that 2-AP may have potential as a chemopreventive agent against rat colon carcinogenesis after administration of AOM during the post-initiation stage.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Effect of total sleep deprivation on the dimensional complexity of the waking EEG.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Sleep deprivation can affect the waking EEG that may reflect information processing of the brain. We examined the effect of total sleep deprivation (TSD) on nonlinear dynamics of the waking EEG. DESIGN: Paired-group design. SETTING: A sleep disorders laboratory in a hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty healthy male volunteers. INTERVENTIONS: Waking EEG data were recorded from subjects with eyes closed after (a) an 8-hour night's sleep and (b) TSD for 24 hours. The dimensional complexity (D2), as a nonlinear measure of complexity, of the EEG after a full night sleep were compared with those of the EEG after TSD. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The sleep-deprived states had lower D2 values at three channels (P4, O2, and C3) than normal states. CONCLUSIONS: TSD results in the decrease of complexity in the brain, which may imply sub-optimal information processing of the cerebral cortex. We suggest that the investigation of the relation between nonlinear dynamics of the waking EEG induced by TSD and cognitive performance may offer fruitful clues for understanding the role of sleep and the effects of sleep deprivation on brain function.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

SPIN90 (SH3 protein interacting with Nck, 90 kDa), an adaptor protein that is developmentally regulated during cardiac myocyte differentiation.

In the yeast two-hybrid screening, we have isolated a cDNA clone from a human heart library using Nck Src homology 3 (SH3) domains as bait. The full-length cDNA, which encoded 722 amino acids, was identified as a VIP54-related gene containing an SH3 domain, proline-rich motifs, a serine/threonine-rich region, and a long C-terminal hydrophobic region. We refer to this protein as SPIN90 (SH3 Protein Interacting with Nck, 90 kDa). The amino acid sequence of the SH3 domain has the highest homology with those of Fyn, Yes, and c-Src. SPIN90 was broadly expressed in human tissues; in particular, it was highly expressed in heart, brain, and skeletal muscle, and its expression was developmentally regulated during cardiac myocyte differentiation. SPIN90 is able to bind to the first and third SH3 domains of Nck, in vitro, and is colocalized with Nck at sarcomere Z-discs within cardiac myocytes. Moreover, treatment with antisera raised against SPIN90 disrupted sarcomere structure, suggesting that this protein may play an important role in the maintenance of sarcomere structure and/or in the assembly of myofibrils into sarcomeres.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2001

Held-breath self-gating technique for radiotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer: a feasibility study.

PURPOSE: To examine the feasibility of a held-breath self-gating (HBSG) technique in the radiotherapy of lung cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen consecutive eligible and consenting patients undergoing radiotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer were accrued for this study. The patients underwent a standardized training session and were then asked to breath hold at four points in the breathing cycle (maximal and end tidal, inspiration and expiration) while under fluoroscopic visualization. Plain films and video imaging with digital image analysis were used to record and measure the movement of the diaphragm, a tumor surrogate, in the superior-inferior axis. These measurements were obtained during and between multiple separate breath holds within one session and between breath holds in sessions held at least one day apart. RESULTS: Maximal inspiration and expiration tend to provide the best positional reliability, and the standard deviation of diaphragmatic position ranged from 0.13 to 2.57 mm, with an average of 0.97 mm. During a single breath hold, the diaphragmatic movement averaged 2.62 mm with a standard deviation of 1.28 mm. The day-to-day variation of diaphragmatic positions was less than 5 mm. The held-breath self-gating technique resulted in a reduction of diaphragmatic movement by an average of 11.9 mm when compared to that seen during tidal breathing. CONCLUSION: In the radiotherapeutic management of non-small-cell lung cancer, this HBSG technique offers a simple method that provides superior immobilization of the diaphragm compared to tidal breathing. Clinical implementation of this technique should allow for a reduction of treatment margins, thus sparing more normal tissues and facilitating dose escalation.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Magnetic resonance imaging of articular cartilage.

Recent advances in treatments of the cartilage abnormalities require more information on the extent and shape of cartilage abnormalities and need for early detection of the lesions. In this article we review MR appearance of the cartilage correlated with histology, MR-related artifacts for cartilage imaging, conventional and dedicated MR techniques suitable for the cartilage, and their clinical utilization.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed2001

A novel tumor-associated mucin of gastrointestinal carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To identify a new tumor-associated antigen, a monoclonal antibody, SC142, was produced by immunizing mice with a stomach cancer cell line. The tumor specificity of mAb SC142 was studied by immunohistochemical staining, and the biochemical characteristics of this new gastrointestinal tumor-associated antigen were also studied. METHODS: The expression of SC142-reactive antigen was investigated in various cancers by immunohistochemical staining. The SC142-reactive antigen was characterized by immunoblotting, sodium metaperiodate treatment assay, O-glycanase digestion assay, and lectin binding assay. RESULTS: The SC142-reactive antigen was highly expressed in 78% of gastric cancers (29/37) and 87% of colon cancers (27/31). No normal colon or stomach tissues remote from the tumor were positive for the antigen. The antibody also reacted with other tumors of epithelial origin such as lung squamous cell cancer (2/4), breast ductal cancer (2/20), bladder transitional cell carcinoma (4/6), and uterine cancer (3/16). Western blot analysis of the antigen revealed glycoprotein(s) which migrated as a smear ranging from the origin of the gel to about the 80 kDa region. The reactivity of this antigen with SC142 was reduced by sodium metaperiodate treatment or O-glycanase digestion, but not by N-glycanase, suggesting that the epitope is an O-glycan. In lectin-binding assay, this antigen reacted only with wheat germ agglutinin but not with Ricinus communis agglutinin, Datura stramonium agglutinin, and Sambucus nigra agglutinin. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that the antigen defined by SC142 is a tumor-associated antigen that could differentiate the gastrointestinal cancer cells from the normal cells. Therefore, SC142 may become a valuable tool for the immunohistochemical diagnosis and tumor immunoscintigraphy of the gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of gastric cancer in the Korean population: prospective case-controlled study.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is still the most common malignant tumor in Koreans. Although many reports have supported the association of Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer, few studies have been adjusted by variable factors such as age. sex, education, and economic status. Furthermore, most results from areas with a high incidence of gastric cancer, such as China and Korea, have failed to document any relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. We conducted a prospective case-controlled study, with controls matched for and adjusted by age, sex, education, and economic status, to evaluate the causal relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer in Korean people. METHODS: From March 1997 to October 1998, 136 consecutive patients with gastric cancer, diagnosed by endoscopic histology, and 136 age- and sex-matched control subjects, confirmed to be free of gastric cancer by endoscopy during the same period, were enrolled in the study. The presence of H. pylori infection was determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) serology test. RESULTS: Seventy-two of the 136 gastric cancer patients (53%) were positive for H. pylori infection and 54 of the 136 control subjects (40%) were positive for H. pylori infection. The odds ratio (OR), adjusted by variable risk factors, such as age, sex, education, and economic status, for gastric cancer in H. pylori-infected patients was 1.82 (95% confidence internal [CI], 1.10-3.00; P = 0.019). The age- and sex-matched OR by conditional logistic regression was 1.6 (95% CI., 1.01-2.53; P = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection may be one of the important risk factors for the development of gastric cancer in Korea, an area of high prevalence of H. pylori infection and a high incidence of gastric cancer.

Adult↗