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Biomedical subjects

D J Gocke

Publications and source records attributed to D J Gocke.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Experimental viral hepatitis in the dog: production of persistent disease in partially immune animals.

Experimental infection with canine hepatitis virus has been studied in a series of 49 dogs. The pattern of response to infection was distinctly modified by the immune status of the animal. All of 19 fully susceptible dogs had an acute, fulminating fatal hepatitis when infected with a standard dose of virus, and all of 19 dogs with high levels of immunity to the virus survived without apparent illness. However, 11 dogs were spontaneously encountered with partial immunity to the infectious agent, and these animals developed different, prolonged forms of hepatitis following infection. In four animals death occurred in 8-21 days following what may be called a subacute course. The remaining seven dogs survived up to 8 months with evidence of chronic hepatic damage. The subacute and chronic forms of hepatitis were reproduced experimentally in seven of eight fully susceptible dogs which were passively immunized against the canine hepatitis virus by administration of hyperimmune serum. Although the virus could be found in sites of hepatic damage in the early stages of the subacute and chronic diseases, it could not be demonstrated in the later stages which were characterized by persistent hepatic damage and a marked chronic inflammatory reaction. Dogs with chronic hepatitis eventually developed extensive hepatic fibrosis. The pathologic, physiologic, virologic, and immunologic features of these experimental forms of viral hepatitis are described.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extrahepatic manifestations of viral hepatitis.

Recent evidence indicates that viral hepatitis is sometimes associated with the production of extrahepatic tissue injury. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is most commonly incriminated but non-type B hepatitis may also be involved. Three types of syndromes have been recognized. First, a serum sickness-like prodrome consisting of skin eruptions, urticaria and polyarthralgias or arthritis may occur from one to six weeks prior to the onset of hepatitis in 15 to 20 per cent of patients and usually disappears by the time the patient becomes jaundiced. There is extensive evidence that circulating immune complexes are responsible for these symptoms. Second, about 30 to 40 per cent of patients with typical polyarteritis nodosa have persistent hepatitis B surface antigenemia (HBs Ag). Circulating immune complexes composed of HBs Ag, antibody, and complement have been demonstrated together with deposits of immune complexes at sites of vascular injury. Third, an immune complex type of glomerulonephritis may occur following hepatitis B virus infection, usually in association with chronic active hepatitis. Thus there is impressive evidence that hepatitis viruses, especially HBV, may produce a variety of extrahepatic manifestations in which the mechanism of pathogenesis involves an immunologic process rather than direct viral invasion and cytopathogenicity.

Complement System Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of nutrition support in patients with AIDS: a four-year retrospective review.

A series of 55 patients with AIDS and opportunistic infections were admitted a total of 75 times to Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital over a 4-year period, and supplemental nutrition support--intravenous (IV), enteral, or both--was given during 32 of these admissions. Use of nutrition support was correlated retrospectively with pretreatment nutritional status, length of hospital stay (LOS), and survival and was found to be positively correlated with weight loss greater than or equal to 10% or weight less than or equal to 90% of ideal body weight (p less than 0.001), admission hemoglobin less than or equal to 10g (p less than 0.001), and LOS less than or equal to 21 days (p less than or equal to 0.003). Nutrition support intervention did not correlate with survival, admission total lymphocyte count (TLC), or serum albumin level. Survival was negatively correlated with LOS (p less than or equal to 0.04) and continuous daily fever for greater than or equal to 6 days (p less than 0.001). Survival was also significantly lower in patients who received IV rather than enteral nutrition support (p less than or equal to 0.03). Weight loss, admission TLC, albumin, and hemoglobin levels did not correlate with survival. These results suggest that nutrition support generally was given to the sickest patients with AIDS. There was no measurable benefit associated with use of supplemental nutritional support in this series. Properly designed trials will be necessary to define the optimum route, timing, and type of nutritional support for patients with AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗