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Biomedical subjects

D J DEAN

Publications and source records attributed to D J DEAN.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1963

Studies on the local treatment of rabies-infected wounds.

Local treatment of wounds infected with rabies virus is a valuable adjunct to the use of antiserum, vaccine or both in preventing disease. In the absence of effective chemotherapeutic agents for systemic use, improved treatment awaits a better understanding of the fate of virus at the site of exposure and of the method of spread to the central nervous system.The studies on experimental animals reported in this paper serve further to evaluate methodology in treatment; to evaluate the effectiveness of various substances, including antirabies serum, soap and benzalkonium chloride; and to explore the possible role of blocking agents in preventing rabies. The results obtained provide further evidence of the importance of first-aid procedures. Certain oil-based local anaesthetics, almond oil, benzyl alcohol and benzalkonium chloride, interfere with motor function and exert a marked sparing effect when inoculated intramuscularly above the site of infection; aqueous or saline-based local anaesthetics and saline do not interfere and fail to protect. The role of blocking agents, if any, in preventing rabies in man is unknown.

Ammonium Compounds↗
PubMed1963

PATHOGENESIS OF RABIES.

The authors have investigated the spread of fixed and street strains of rabies virus from the site of injection to the central nervous system and salivary glands in various animal species. The results indicate conclusively that rabies virus is ordinarily transmitted from the site of exposure to the central nervous system via the peripheral nerves but that other than nerve transmission may occur in young animals, in highly susceptible species or in animals whose resistance has been altered by trauma or shock. Air-borne infection is occasionally possible. Blood-borne infection in nature is believed to be exceptional and less likely to occur in man, whose resistance to rabies is high, than in animals of species known to be highly susceptible. Evidence of nerve-borne transmission was also observed with herpes simplex virus but not with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or the GD7 and FA strains of mouse encephalomyelitis virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1961

Rabies neutralizing antibody response to different schedules of serum and vaccine inoculations in non-exposed persons. 3.

This study is the third in a series on virus-neutralizing antibody response to different schedules of antirabies serum and vaccines in previously non-exposed persons. Three types of vaccine were studied-phenolized (Semple), duck embryo and high-egg-passage (HEP) chicken embryo. Reduced schedules of vaccine, consisting of 2-7 inoculations given at various intervals, did not give results comparable in efficacy (time of appearance, level and persistence of antibody) with schedules comprising at least 14 daily inoculations of vaccine as determined in previous trials. The effectiveness of a booster dose in previously sensitized individuals was confirmed with a demonstration that a rise in serum antibody appears between 4 and 8 days after the booster inoculation. Effective sensitization appears to be as much a function of spacing of inoculations as of total dosage of vaccine antigen. Interference by immune serum with the antigenicity of subsequently administered vaccine, noted previously by the present authors and by other workers, was again confirmed. This interference could be overcome by the administration of a sufficient amount of vaccine.

Antibodies, Neutralizing↗