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Biomedical subjects

D J Allison

Publications and source records attributed to D J Allison.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Treatment of haemobilia by selective arterial embolisation.

We report a patient in whom haemobilia occurred after percutaneous liver biopsy. Selective hepatic arteriography showed a fistula between hepatic artery and portal venous system, with appearance of contrast in the biliary tract. Intrahepatic bleeding was stopped by arterial embolisation with a mixture of gelatine foam and sterile dura mater. Cholecytectomy was subsequently required as a haemocholecyst developed. The technique of arteriography and embolisation allows accurate localisation of intrahepatic bleeding sites and may avoid the need for a direct surgical approach to this problem.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1980

Unilateral hyperlucent lung: the case for investigation.

Seventeen children with unilateral hyperlucent lungs were referred for investigation. Of the 11 who had a referring diagnosis of possible Macleod's syndrome only two were shown to have post-viral bronchiolitis. Three of the 11 had conditions that required surgical treatment and a further two with brochiectasis were treated medically. To avoid confusion we suggest that Macleod's syndrome is reserved exclusively for children with post-viral bronchiolitis. Radioisotopic regional lung function studies were useful in the investigation of the subjects from three points of view. Firstly, they distinguished children with primary perfusion abnormalities and normal ventilation, secondly, they defined the extent of altered respiratory function, and thirdly, they were able to distinguish compensatory emphysema from congenital lobar emphysema. As bronchography and bronchoscopy may be hazardous in small children with poor respiratory reserve, such regional studies may be useful in indicating which patients do not require further invasive investigation.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Gastrointestinal bleeding. Radiological diagnosis.

Gastrointestinal haemorrhage is a common clinical problem that often presents the clinician with difficulties in diagnosis. The increasingly important role of endoscopy has resulted in a change of emphasis in the radiological investigation of bleeding: while barium studies are still an important part of the investigative sequence in most patients they no longer occupy the central position in diagnosis they once held, despite considerable improvements in technique. At the same time angiography and interventional radiological techniques are becoming progressively more important in the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal bleeding. In acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage angiography provides not only one of the most accurate techniques for the localization of bleeding (Boijsen and Reuter, 1967) but also the therapeutic option of embolization. In chronic gastrointestinal bleeding of obscure origin angiography may be the only modality of investigation that can successfully locate a microvascular abnormality. In the assessment of portal hypertension angiographic and interventional techniques may provide both physician and surgeon with information vital to the successful management of the patient.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

The biochemical diagnosis, localization and follow up of phaeochromocytoma: the role of plasma and urinary catecholamine measurements.

The diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma is dependent on combined biochemical and radiological investigation, the biochemical studies being performed initially and followed later by both non-invasive and invasive radiological techniques. In 23 patients studied, a selection of biochemical studies allowed diagnosis and accurate localization of phaeochromocytoma in 16. In some patients, tumour localization was confirmed by radiographic methods. Biochemical estimations of catecholamines and/or metabolites in urine and/or plasma were also performed during and after operation, and these measurements allowed monitoring of the completeness of tumour excision, and of the possibility of recurrence, in both the short term and the long term follow up of patients.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Selective venous sampling in the diagnosis and localization of phaeochromocytoma.

Plasma noradrenaline levels were measured at several sites in the systemic venous system by selective catheterisation in ten hypertensive patients in whom phaeochromocytoma was suspected on clinical or biochemical grounds. Four patients had localized noradrenaline elevation and the diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma was confirmed at operation. The remaining six patients demonstrated no localized elevation of noradrenaline and there has been no evidence of a tumour on follow up. The technique allows the diagnosis and accurate localization of phaeochromocytoma and is useful in excluding the tumour in patients with essential hypertension.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Rôle of calcitonin in diarrhoea associated with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Severe watery diarrhoea in a patient with medullary thryoid carcinoma and high calcitonin levels was associated with increased distal ileal flow. Plasma from the patient inhibited small intestinal fluid absorption in dogs without affecting mucosal cyclic AMP levels. When calcitonin was removed from the plasma, the effect in experimental bowel loops was abolished but could be restored on restitution of comparable hormone levels with pure calcitonin. These studies, combined with the failure to find evidence of increased prostaglandin activity in the patient, suggest that circulating calcitonin may be a major cause of the diarrhoea in medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Diagnosis and management of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.

Twelve consecutive patients presenting with unexplained recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding were investigated by selective visceral angiography. A cause for the bleeding was shown in all 12 cases, and in eight the lesion responsible was diagnosed radiologically as an area of angiodysplasia. Abnormal areas were pinpointed by fluoroscopy and examination of the resected bowel with a dissecting microscope after injecting the vessels with barium. Histologically these areas had various microvascular abnormalities. Angiodysplasia is a useful descriptive radiological term, but does not seem to represent a single pathological entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Early and late hind-limb vascular responses to stimulation of receptors in the nose of the rabbit.

1. In rabbits under pentobarbitone anaesthesia stimulation of the nasal mucous membrane with ether vapour causes apnoea, bradycardia and a rise in arterial blood pressure. 2. Simultaneous measurements of femoral arterial blood pressure and of femoral arterial or venous blood flow show that vascular resistance increases in both the intact and skinned hind limb in response to nasal stimulation. Evidence is presented to show that the increase in hind-limb vascular resistance is due to vasoconstriction which is relfex in nature. 3. The change in vascular resistance in the hind limb following nasal stimulation may be divided into two distinct phases. The primary (early) phase is mediated by the efferent sympathetic nerves to the limb whereas the secondary (late) phase is mediated by adrenal gland hormones. 4. The secondary phase of the hind-limb vascular response is invariably less pronounced than the primary phase, and with regard to the time course of the appearance of the two phases of the response it appears that following stimulation of the nose there is no mutual reinforcement of sympathetic neural and humoral influences on the hind-limb blood vessels. 5. The cardiovascular response occur in the absence of changes in pulmonary ventilation.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1975

Acute heroin fatalities in San Francisco. Demographic and toxicologic characteristics.

The mortality rate due to heroin overdosage in San Francisco has increased dramatically since 1968 and now stands as one of the highest in the United States. While the numbers of heroin fatalities in many eastern United States cities have declined substantially in the past few years, the figures for San Francisco and the other West Coast areas continue to increase. The group of heroin overdose victims from the 1970 through 1973 period is more predominantly Caucasian and younger than from the 1963 through 1965 period. In nearly all of the victims, the presence of morphine (a heroin metabolite) was noted in bile or urine, and in about half the results of blood alcohol tests were positive. Measurement of blood morphine concentrations in the victims showed no significant difference from the concentrations noted in a control group of heroin addicts dying from causes other than overdosage.

Adolescent↗