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Biomedical subjects

D Iliev

Publications and source records attributed to D Iliev.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

An unusual hypopigmentation in occupational dermatology: presentation of a case and review of the literature.

Contact dermatitis to cooling lubricants is commonly encountered in occupational dermatology, but it rarely induces pigmentary skin changes. It is sometimes difficult to differentiate between toxic leukoderma and postinflammatory hypopigmentation when examining a depigmentation. A differential diagnosis is described in the case of a 31-year-old metal worker, spending most of his time on a computer-numerically controlled machine, who presented with cumulative irritant hand dermatitis and secondary hypopigmentation. Patch tests gave negative reactions to the European standard series, the disinfection and preservative series, the base preparation and emollient series, the metal series, the mechanical worker series as well as to the cooling lubricant itself. Atopy screening was positive for a variety of pollens. Based on biopsy findings, toxic leukoderma could be diagnosed even though none of the known melanotoxic compounds could be identified in his work environment. The patient was advised to avoid further contact with the regular composed cooling lubricant and the contact eczema improved dramatically, whereas the condition of hypopigmentation got better slowly within weeks under PUVA therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Microsatellite deletion mapping on chromosome 10q and mutation analysis of MMAC1, FAS, and MXI1 in human glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an end-stage brain tumor of glial origin. Allelic deletions encompassing all or part of chromosome 10q occur frequently in GBMs, indicating that loss of one or more tumor suppressor genes on 10q plays a role in GBM formation. One of these genes is MMAC1 (PTEN), a gene on 10q23 which encodes a dual-specificity protein phosphatase. We carried out a loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis of 66 GBM patients using microsatellite markers for 27 loci on 10q. Overall, LOH was detected in 70% of cases, most showing LOH with every informative marker. Eleven patients showed partial 10q deletions, the smallest spanning a 35 cM region distal to D10S187. Sequence analysis of the MMAC1 gene in 45 of these tumors revealed mutations in eleven cases (24%), all with LOH on 10q. None of these mutations was present in normal DNA from the same patients. In addition, we utilized SSCP analysis to test two other candidate genes on 10q: FAS, a cell surface receptor which transduces an apoptotic, cell death signal and MXI1, a transcriptional repressor. The absence of mutations in these genes suggested that FAS and MXI1 are not likely to be tumor suppressor genes physiologically relevant to GBM. These data do support a significant role for MMAC1 in GBM.

Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins↗
PubMed1998

Unusual edge effect in patch testing with silver nitrate.

Silver nitrate is a widely used substance and has been applied topically for cauterizing bleeding and healing wounds. In the past it has even been used to mark patch test sites, when no one knew that the substance itself might be a sensitizer. However, there are also toxic reactions to that substance. We report a case in which a positive "edge effect" at the periphery of the patch test site could be shown. It can be explained by the unequal distribution of patch test solutions in the different patch test systems with a concentration at the rim. Distinguishing between allergic and toxic reactions may be difficult when an edge effect occurs. Therefore, in certain rare cases a biopsy or a lymphocyte transformation test might be of help.

Allergens↗
PubMed1997

MMAC1/PTEN mutations in primary tumor specimens and tumor cell lines.

A candidate tumor suppressor gene, MMAC1/PTEN, located in human chromosome band 10q23, was recently identified based on sequence alterations observed in several glioma, breast, prostate, and kidney tumor specimens or cell lines. To further investigate the mutational profile of this gene in human cancers, we examined a large set of human tumor specimens and cancer cell lines of many types for 10q23 allelic losses and MMAC1 sequence alterations. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the MMAC1 locus was observed in approximately one-half of the samples examined, consistent with the high frequency of 10q allelic loss reported for many cancers. Of 124 tumor specimens exhibiting LOH that have been screened for MMAC1 alterations to date, we have detected variants in 13 (approximately 10%) of these primary tumors; the highest frequency of variants was found in glioblastoma specimens (approximately 23%). Novel alterations identified in this gene include a missense variant in a melanoma sample and a splicing variant and a nonsense mutation in pediatric glioblastomas. Of 76 tumor cell lines prescreened for probable LOH, microsequence alterations of MMAC1 were detected in 12 (approximately 16%) of the lines, including those derived from astrocytoma, leukemia, and melanoma tumors, as well as bladder, breast, lung, prostate, submaxillary gland, and testis carcinomas. In addition, in this set of tumor cell lines, we detected 11 (approximately 14%) homozygous deletions that eliminated coding portions of MMAC1, a class of abnormality not detected by our methods in primary tumors. These data support the occurrence of inactivating MMAC1 alterations in multiple human cancer types. In addition, we report the discovery of a putative pseudogene of MMAC1 localized on chromosome 9.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

Reproducibility of a non-invasive skin irritancy test in a cohort of metalworker trainees.

The identification of subjects with increased susceptibility to irritants may play an important rôle in the prevention of irritant contact dermatitis. A short and quick method of non-invasive testing for assessing irritant sensitivity was developed by Wilhelm and coworkers in 1990, based on the alkali resistance test of Burckhardt. In order to determine the reproducibility of this screening method, 204 healthy metalworker trainees were tested 2 x according to Wilhelm within an interval of 6 months. No statistically-significant correlation could be shown, indicating that the reproducibility of this screening method is low. Therefore, we propose applying not just a single test for the assessment of skin irritability, but a series of tests, in order to improve the reliability of this kind of testing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Skin roughness is negatively correlated to irritation with DMSO, but not with NaOH and SLS.

While many endogenous and exogenous factors have been found to influence skin irritant reactivity, the role of skin roughness in irritation has not yet been studied. In this study we measured skin roughness by visiometry and performed irritation tests on the flexural side of the forearm with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in two different concentrations in a population of 151 volunteers between 15 and 25 years of age. The results showed a significant negative correlation between most roughness parameters and DMSO irritation. The correlation between roughness parameters and irritation tests with SLS and NaOH was not significant. We conclude that smoother skin is more prone to DMSO irritation than rougher skin and that this may be due to differences in percutaneous penetration of the compound.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Generalized drug reaction due to papaya juice in throat lozenges.

We report the case of a 55-year-old woman without a history of atopic disease or drug allergy who developed a maculopapular symmetric exanthematous rash about 2 days after taking throat lozenges containing papaya juice. Patch tests gave negative reactions to the European standard series but were positive for papaya juice. A solution of 1% papain in water showed a weak and probably irritant reaction, while a 0.1% solution was negative. To our knowledge this is the first case report of systemic contact dermatitis to papaya without papain hypersensitivity.

Drug Eruptions↗
PubMed1997

Percutaneous ethanol sclerotherapy of autonomous thyroid nodules: preliminary results.

Percutaneous ethanol sclerotherapy was applied to 20 patients (17 women and 3 men, aged 30 to 77 yrs) with autonomous thyroid nodules. The patients either were contraindicated because of hazardous concomitant diseases or refused surgical or 131I treatment. Ethanol (95 alc%) was injected in 4 to 6 sessions at a mean dose of 0.63 ml/cc nodular tissue. Physical examination, T3, T4 and TSH assays, thyroid scintigraphy, sonography, and fine needle aspiration biopsy were used to evaluate the treatment results within a 12-month follow-up. Two months after ethanol injection all patients showed an improvement; in six patients the symptoms recurred in the 6th month. Two of them underwent a second cycle of ethanol injection. 12 months later an euthyroid state was maintained in 16 (80%) patients, while 4 (20%) did not respond to the treatment. The treatment results were markedly determined by the nodule size as no effect was achieved in nodules larger than 15-20 ml in volume. This method appears to be an appropriate and harmless alternative to the surgical and 131I treatment of autonomous thyroid nodules less than 15-20 ml in volume, especially in patients with grave concomitant diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Hemostasis disorders in the Fallot symptom complex].

In 62% of the cases with Fallot's complex disturbances of haemostasis were found. Their pathogenesis is assumed to be a complex one: On the one hand, chronic consumption coagulopathy may play a role; on the other hand, impairment of the RES function or inhibition of haemostasis and disturbances of thrombocytopoesis due to hypoxia have to be taken into consideration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Immunohematological problems in blood transfusion with patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia].

The immunologic problems of blood transfusion of patients with antoimmune hemolytic anemia are discussed on the base of the authors' observations. They emerge and are mainly conditioned by the character and serological characteristic of autoantibodies (AAB) as well as by the presence of free iso-antibodies (erythro-, leuko- and thrombocyte-). The cold AAB conditioned the difficulties in blood groups determination, direct compatibility test and rarely of RH, where as the warm ones -- impede the determination of Rh and the selection of compatible blood for transfusion. The emerging of iso-antibodied complicates further the immunologic status of the patients. Owing to the characteristic specificity of AAB (against the widely found antigens -- nl, w, I, Pr, etc), the finding of compatible blood for transfusion proved practically to be extremely difficult. The forces hemotransfusion to be turned to only in case of vital indications.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1975

[The Breddin test in various forms of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura].

In 100 healthy persons and 38 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) the morphology of thrombocytes was examined according to BREDDIN. The survival time of the marked thrombocytes and their place of sequestration was determined in the patients and in 17 voluntary persons. A correlation was found to exist between the morphology of thrombocytes and those four forms of ITP which could be limited by means of radiometric methods. Moreover, a certain degree of dependence was found between the thrombocyte sequestration place and the presence of antibodies.

Agglutinins↗