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Biomedical subjects

D Hill

Publications and source records attributed to D Hill.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Cyst formation in rat kidney induced by cis-platinum administration.

The long-term pathologic effects of the antitumor drug, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (CP) on the structure of the rat kidney were investigated. Light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the morphologic changes 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 months after the intraperitoneal injection of CP to rats. At all time intervals examined, the S3 segment of the proximal tubule located in the outer stripe of the medulla showed the most consistent pattern of injury. Two weeks after CP, the proximal tubules located in the outer stripe region as well as in the medullary rays were widely dilated and lined by low-lying epithelial cells, many of which contained large atypical nuclei. Many tubules still showed evidence of necrosis, whereas other tubules appeared to be undergoing atrophic changes. After 4 weeks, proximal tubular dilation continued resulting in the formation of numerous microcysts in the region of the outer stripe. These changes appeared to progress, and after 6 months large cysts (mean diameter 2152 +/- 1241 micrometer) were identified which involved the entire outer stripe, with many of these cysts extending to the subcapsular cortex. The kidneys at this time period showed a pattern of chronic renal injury in the outer stripe, and this damage was now also observed in the cortex. In several animals, small foci of abnormal foam cells surrounded by a basal lamina could be identified. We conclude that CP has a pronounced long-term effect and causes cyst formation in the rat kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Roles of the host polypeptides in Q beta RNA replication. Host factor and ribosomal protein S1 allow initiation at reduced GTP concentration.

Initiation of transcription of favored templates by Q beta replicase requires a much lower GTP concentration than does transcription of templates that are selected against. Although the enzyme requires a high GTP concentration to initiate transcription of Q beta RNA, the presence of the host factor substantially reduces the GTP concentration requirement. In addition, the Q beta replicase preparation must contain ribosomal protein S1 for initiation to occur at low GTP. Mn2+ ions, which can substitute for host factor in Q beta RNA replication in vitro, and which reduce the template specificity of Q beta replicase, also reduce the GTP requirement for initiation. But while Mn2+ ions produce this effect with all templates, host factor is specific for Q beta RNA. When both host factor and Mn2+ are present, transcription of Q beta RNA occurs at a much lower GTP concentration. Thus, host factor and Mn2+ appear to reduce the GTP concentration requirement by different mechanisms.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1980

Mental health: progress but in slow tempo.

The stigma of 'certification as a lunatic' was much reduced by the Mental Health Act of 1930 but, despite enlightenment on psychiatric problems particularly since the last war, progress towards a better form of care for the mentally ill has been slow. Hospital care has improved over the past 50 years, but once in the community patients still suffer from isolation. In this article Professor Sir Denis Hill traces the advances made since 1930 and poses the question, 'How far have we come since'.

Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1980

Solitary rectal ulcer: always a self-induced condition?

Solitary rectal ulcer is a curious and uncommon condition of contentious aetiology. Six patients seen at Gloucestershire Royal Hospital during 5 years have been studied. In 4 self-interference was certain and likely in one other; no information was available concerning the sixth. Our evidence suggests that the disease is self-induced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Drug education.

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Health Education↗
PubMed1979

Harlequin fetus.

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Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol in the treatment of children with severe perennial rhinitis.

Twenty-two children suffering from severe perennial rhinitis were treated with intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate (300 microgram/day) and an identical placebo aerosol in a double-blind cross-over trial. The results confirmed the value of beclomethasone dipropionate in improving nasal symptoms and signs due to perennial rhinitis, and allergic eye symptoms caused by associated conjunctivitis.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1978

Improved ventilation of prematurely delivered primates following tracheal deposition of surfactant.

Twelve rhesus monkeys were delivered prematurely at 129, 130, or 131 days. The first breath was inhibited while tracheotomy was performed and a catheter introduced into the umbilical artery. Into the tracheal tubes of six of the newborn monkeys was instilled 0.20 to 0.27 ml. of a natural surfactant (SA) suspension, obtained from lung wash of adult rabbits. Nothing was given to six control monkeys. Breathing was then supported with a ventilator. Although its settings were adjusted in attempts to maintain normal blood gases, the control monkeys developed severe hypercapnia and acidosis, and two died after 4 1/2 and 5 1/2 hours. The remaining four control monkeys and the six treated monkeys were killed after six hours. Pulmonary pressure-volume characteristics were conspicuously better following SA treatment. It was concluded that instillation of SA in the upper airways of premature primates prior to their first breath holds promise as an effective way of preventing respiratory distress.

Animals↗