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Biomedical subjects

D Harrison

Publications and source records attributed to D Harrison.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Relation between electrocardiographic and enzymatic methods of estimating acute myocardial infarct size.

The extent of initial acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and subsequent patient prognosis were studied using 2 independent indicators of AMI size. Two inexpensive, readily available techniques, the complete Selvester QRS score from the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram and the peak value of the isoenzyme MB of creatine kinase (CK-MB), were evaluated in 125 patients with initial AMI. The overall correlation between peak CK-MB and QRS score was fair (0.57), with marked difference according to anterior (0.72) or inferior (0.35) location. The prognostic capabilities of each measurement varied. Peak CK-MB provided significant information concerning hospital morbidity or early mortality (within 30 days) for both anterior (chi 2 = 9.83) and inferior (chi 2 = 7.68) AMI locations; however, the QRS score was significant only for anterior AMI (chi 2 = 9.50). For total 24-month mortality, the QRS score alone provided the most information (chi 2 = 10.0, p = 0.0016), which was not improved with the addition of CK-MB (chi 2 = 0.07, p = 0.79). This study shows a good relation between these 2 independent estimates of AMI size for patients with anterior AMI location. Both QRS and CK-MB results are significantly related to early morbidity and mortality; however, only the QRS score is related to total 24-month prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Chromosomal localization of genes by scanning electron microscopy using in situ hybridization with biotinylated probes: Y chromosome repetitive sequences.

The feasibility of using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify the position of specific DNA sequences was examined using a Y chromosome 'specific' probe (pHY2.1). Tests were carried out on chromosome spreads hybridized in situ with biotinylated pHY2.1. Chromosomal sites of hybridization of the probe were localized by an indirect immunohistochemical procedure which resulted in a gold product which could be amplified by silver precipitation. In the SEM, the specific location of the probe was easily identified due to the enhanced signal produced by the gold-silver complex. The probe was localized both on the long arm of the Y chromosome and within interphase nuclei. It was found that SEM was more sensitive than light microscopy since the probe could be identified without silver amplification. With refinements to the technique, SEM could provide a useful method for high resolution localizing of unique DNA sequences (i.e. single copy genes).

Biotin↗
PubMed1986

Cefuroxime versus ampicillin plus chloramphenicol in childhood bacterial meningitis: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

In a multicenter randomized trial, 107 children with bacterial meningitis were initially given either cefuroxime or ampicillin plus chloramphenicol. Patients were alternately assigned to 7- or 10-day courses of the designated antimicrobial regimen. CSF isolates included Haemophilus influenzae type b (89, of which 25% were beta-lactamase positive), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis. Although mean CSF bactericidal titers against Haemophilus isolates were 1:6 in each treatment group, H. influenzae was cultured from CSF in four of 39 patients receiving cefuroxime, 24 to 48 hours after initiation of therapy, compared with none of 40 patients given ampicillin plus chloramphenicol (P = 0.11). Clinical cure rates were similar (95%); one death occurred in each group. One child given cefuroxime had persistent meningitis after 5 days of therapy, and mastoiditis with secondary bacteremia developed in one on day 10. Three patients had relapse or reinfection. One patient who received cefuroxime for 10 days had a relapse of epiglottitis 17 days later, and of the patients given ampicillin plus chloramphenicol, one had a relapse of meningitis 1 week after 7 days of therapy, and bacteremia developed in one 42 days after completion of 10 days of therapy. No increase in either in-hospital complications or relapses occurred with a 7-day treatment course. Proof of the equivalence of the antibiotic regimens and the efficacy of 7-day courses of treatment, as well as the consequences of delayed CSF sterilization, will require additional investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cryptococcal pneumonia in a patient with sickle cell disease.

We present the findings in a patient having sickle cell disease who developed multilobar pneumonia. Cultures of bronchial aspirates and histologic specimens grew Cryptococcus neoformans. There was neither spontaneous clearing of the infection nor a response to bactericidal antibiotics. The patient had no underlying malignant neoplasm or immunodeficiency as indicated by history, physical examination, and specialized tests of humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Osteogenic sarcoma--a rare primary tumour of the breast.

A case of primary osteogenic sarcoma of the breast is reported and the histological and mammographic features demonstrated. A role for technetium 99 diphosphonate bone scanning in the diagnosis of this condition and measurement of serum alkaline phosphatase activity for monitoring progress of the disease is suggested.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

State of education.

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Dental Technicians↗
PubMed1984

Chemical synthesis of a biologically active gene for human immune interferon-gamma. Prospect for site-specific mutagenesis and structure-function studies.

A 453-base pair DNA duplex consisting of a gene coding for human interferon-gamma and initiation and termination signals plus appropriate restriction enzyme sites for plasmid insertion has been totally synthesized. The synthesis involved preparation of 66 oligodeoxynucleotides by a modified, solid phase phosphite procedure and enzymatic ligation of the oligonucleotides. The gene, when inserted into a previously constructed expression vector, was expressed in Escherichia coli, demonstrating functional activity for the synthetic gene. Several strategically located restriction cleavage sites have been introduced into the sequence. This provides a convenient system for site-specific mutagenesis for structure-function studies.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Surgical pathology of olfactory neuroblastoma.

The natural history of a personal group of eight patients with olfactory neuroblastoma is reviewed with particular reference to surgical pathology as revealed by a study of the operative specimens in seven of these patients. This reveals that spread to the cranial surface of the overlying dura must be considered to be present in all patients irrespective of the radiologic findings. Craniofacial resection is therefore considered to be an essential part of any treatment regimen.

Ethmoid Bone↗
PubMed1984

High-level expression of a chemically synthesized gene for human interferon-gamma using a prokaryotic expression vector.

A chemically synthesized gene for human interferon-gamma has been cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector under the regulation of a synthetic constitutive transcriptional-translational control unit that contains a strong bacteriophage T5 early promoter and a strong ribosome-binding site. Cells harboring the recombinant plasmid express high levels (4 X 10(9) units per liter of culture) of antiviral activity specific for interferon-gamma. Analysis of total cell lysates on NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gels revealed a 17,200-dalton protein, expected for the nonglycosylated form of human interferon-gamma, that constitutes greater than 15% of total cell protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Replantation.

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Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Cell marker studies in patients with newly diagnosed chronic lymphatic leukaemia.

Cell marker analysis including mouse red cell rosetting ability was carried out on 24 newly diagnosed patients with chronic lymphatic leukaemia. Using a technique not employing neuraminidase a significant difference in mouse red cell rosetting ability was noted between male and female patients. It is well accepted that females often have a milder form of disease and better longterm survival than it is suggested this might be a reflection of the difference found in mouse red cell rosetting ability between the sexes in this condition.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Hepatic binding of human and bovine growth hormones and ovine prolactin in the dwarf "little" mouse.

Binding of human (hGH) and bovine (bGH) GH and ovine PRL (oPRL) has been compared in liver membranes from GH-deficient dwarf "little" mice (lit/lit) and their normal-sized littermates (lit/+). Binding of [125I]hGH to lit/lit membranes was dependent on time, temperature, and membrane concentration and was reversible. Scatchard plots of the binding of [125I]hGH to male and female lit/lit and lit/+ membranes were linear, with no significant differences between binding affinities (overall mean +/- SE, 1.42 +/- 0.27 X 10(9) M-1; n = 24). The hormonal specificity of binding was complex, with hGH being displaced by both somatotropic (bGH) and lactogenic (oPRL) competitors, indicating the presence of a mixed population of receptors. This conclusion was supported by the specific binding of both [125I]bGH and [125I]oPRL to membranes from male and female lit/lit and lit/+ mice. No differences in the specific binding of [125I]bGH to any membrane type was observed, indicating that GH receptors were at normal levels in lit/lit mice despite their deficiency of pituitary and serum GH. A sex difference in hGH and oPRL binding was seen only in normal (lit/+) mice. Male and female lit/lit mice exhibited the same degree of binding as normal female mice. These studies have demonstrated that dwarf little mice have normal levels of hepatic GH and PRL receptors, with binding characteristics not different from those of normal mice. Thus, it would appear that the mechanism of regulation of GH receptors by GH itself is different in this animal model of GH deficiency than in the Snell dwarf mouse and the hypophysectomized rat, where GH receptor levels are very low or absent. The failure of lit/lit mice to grow normally despite normal levels of GH receptor raises questions regarding the site and mechanism of the growth defect in the little mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Mediastinal lymph-node biopsy is a definitive staging procedure for bronchogenic carcinoma.

Mediastinal lymph-node biopsy has been performed as a staging procedure in most cases of bronchogenic carcinoma since 1965. This study was carried out to assess the results of staging by this method in 75 patients. Biopsy sites were marked with hemoclips. Three zones were defined: zone 3 (inoperable), beyond the midline and above the lower border of the aortic arch; zone 1 (operable), more than 3 cm from the carcinoma, ipsilateral to the tumour; and zone 2, between zones 1 and 3. Forty of 75 patients had biopsy specimens showing carcinoma. The proportion was highest in small cell anaplastic carcinoma and lowest in squamous cell tumours. Of the 40 positive biopsies 35 were from zone 3. All the positive biopsy specimens showing small cell anaplastic carcinoma were from zone 3. Positive specimens correlated strongly with other evidence of inoperability. Mediastinal lymph-node biopsy is a definitive staging procedure.

Adenocarcinoma↗