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Biomedical subjects

D Hansman

Publications and source records attributed to D Hansman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

High prevalence of penicillin-insensitive pneumococci in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

One-third of 57 strains of pneumococci isolated from patients with severe pneumococcal infections in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, in 1978 were penicillin-insensitive (PR). The infections were community-acquired and comprised cases of bacteraemia, bacteraemic pneumonia, and meningitis. The prevalence of invasive PR strains in children was significantly greater than in adults. Twenty-one serotypes were identified, of which ten types (6, 9, 10, 12-14, 18, 19, 23, 24) showed diminished sensitivity to penicillin; with types 12 and 18 penicillin-insensitivity has not been met with previously in Papua New Guinea and only rarely elsewhere; seven of the 19 PR strains belonged to type 6. Amongst insensitive strains, minimum inhibitory concentrations of penicillin G ranged from 0.1 to 1.0 microgram/ml (resistance ratios 5 to 50). Resistance to chloramphenicol and other antimicrobial drugs was not encountered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Microbiology of acute otitis media with particular reference to the feasibility of pneumococcal immunization.

Middle-ear fluid was aspirated in 103 episodes of acute otitis media occurring in 100 South Australian children aged from four months to 14 years in 1977, and in 1978. Bacteria were cultured from the middle-ear fluid in 66% of cases, and viruses were grown in three cases in conjunction with bacteria. The bacteria grown were pneumococci in 30 cases (29%), Haemophilus influenzae in 26 cases (25%), beta-haemolytic streptococci in 12 cases (12%) and Neisseria spp. in six cases (6%). Pneumococci and H. influenzae were cultured from children of all ages, whereas beta-haemolytic streptococci were more frequently isolated in children aged five years and older. Countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis yielded positive results in 35% of culture-positive pneumococcal infections and gave additionally the positive reaction for pneumococci in two cases where culture produced negative results. The pneumococci which were isolated belonged to 12 serotypes; 26 of the 30 isolates were serotypes for which pneumococcal vaccines are currently available. There were appreciable differences in the distribution of serotypes from that encountered in a study of nasal carriage amongst healthy schoolchildren living in the same district.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Pneumococcal peritonitis in adolescent girls.

Two cases of pneumococcal peritonitis, which occurred after puberty in previously healthy adolescent girls, are described. In each case, the infection was caused by a Type 1 tetracycline-resistant pneumococcus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

A case of coccidioidomycosis in Australia.

We report what we believe to be the first case of coccidioidomycosis to be diagnosed within Australia, and emphasize the dangers of handling Coccidioides immitis in the laboratory.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Human infection caused by penicillin-insensitive pneumococci.

Three cases of infection, including two fatal ones, caused by pneumococci relatively resistant to penicillin are reported. The patients were a 19-year-old New Guinean with fatal multisegmental pneumonia, a 10-week-old Caucasian infant who died suddenly from purulent meningitis, and an Australian Aboriginal child aged two years with bronchiectasis complicated by pneumococcal bacteraemia. The pneumococci isolated (serotypes 6, 16 and 19) showed minimal inhibitory concentrations of penicillin G ranging from 0-1 microgram/ml to 1-0 microgram/ml (resistance ratios five to 50) and were also relatively resistant to penicillin V, methicillin, cloxacillin and cephalosporins.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Primary tuberculosis of the conjunctiva.

A five-year-old boy developed primary tuberculosis of the conjunctiva which spread to the preauricular and cervical lymph nodes, producing caseous lymphadenitis. Because conjunctival tuberculosis is rare, the correct diagnosis may be easily missed. When unilateral conjunctivitis is accompanied by lymph node enlargement and persists or progresses, tuberculosis should be suspected.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Serotypes of pneumococci in pneumonia, meningitis and other pneumococcal infections.

During a five-year period, 1965 to 1969 inclusive, pneumococci from 294 patients with acute pneumococcal infections were serotyped. Pneumococci of 33 serotypes were encountered, of which types 3 and 19 were most frequent. The spectrum of infections included pneumonia, meningitis, peritonitis, otitis media and mastoiditis, wound infection and conjuctivitis. At least 17 infections were fatal, all of which, with one exception, occurred either in infants or in adults over 50 years of age. In pneumonia, type 3 pneumococcus was predominant, being isolated from 21 of 101 patients. In 67 cases of pneumococcal meningitis, most of which were in children, the commonest type was 14. If a pneumococcal vaccine is produced for use in Australia, inclusion of serotypes 1, 3, 4, 6, 9, 14, 19 and 23 should be considered. These eight types caused 52% of the cases of pneumonia and 67% of the cases of meningitis in this study.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Haemophilus influenzae type B resistant to tetracycline isolated from children with meningitis.

During a three-year-period, 1971-73 inclusive, haemophili isolated from 96 children with severe infections, of whom 73 had meningitis and 19 acute epiglottitis, were serotyped and tested for sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. All strains were identified as Haemophilus influezae type b, and were sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim. However, 3 isolates--from a boy aged 11 months and a girl aged 1 year with meningitis, and a girl aged 2 years with epiglottitis--were highly resistant to tetracycline, with a median minimal inhibitory concentration of 50 mug tetracycline hydrochloride per ml (resistance ratio greater than or equal to 50). Resistance was also demonstrated to doxycycline, oxytetracycline, and rolitetracycline and, in one strain, to minocycline. No evidence was obtained that the resistant organisms were capable of inactivating tetracyclines.

Acute Disease↗