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Biomedical subjects

D H Shin

Publications and source records attributed to D H Shin.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Functional recovery in a rat model of Parkinson's disease following transplantation of cultured human sympathetic neurons.

Rats subjected to a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced lesion of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway were given transplants of cultured fetal human sympathetic neurons. Amphetamine-induced turning behavior in these rats was reversed by the transplants after 1.5-4.5 months. The presence of transplanted neurons and their processes was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1986

Prevention and management of delayed suprachoroidal hemorrhage after filtration surgery.

We report two new cases of massive delayed nonexpulsive suprachoroidal hemorrhage (DNSH) following a filtering operation in the aphakic eyes of elderly patients with glaucoma. A timely surgical drainage resulted in full recovery of preoperative visual acuity in both of our patients. As we combine our cases with a series of 18 similar cases of others in the literature, the following conclusions emerge. Limited DNSH does not require surgical intervention for a favorable visual outcome. Massive DNSH, however, requires timely and appropriate surgical intervention to achieve a favorable visual outcome and to avoid persistent hypotony. The most effective surgical intervention is drainage of the suprachoroidal hemorrhage and re-formation of the anterior chamber, but without concomitant vitrectomy. In both limited and massive DNSH, the final visual outcome is not determined by the worst vision at the time of DNSH. Some of the known and suspected risk factors of DNSH following filtering surgery are old age, aphakia, postoperative hypotony, a history of vitreous manipulation or complication, general anesthesia, increased venous pressure, use of fluorouracil, and high myopia. In view of these risk factors, we recommend several preventive measures for decreasing the incidence of DNSH following filtering surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Inhibition of human chorionic gonadotropin production by prolactin from term human trophoblast.

In vivo suppression of prolactin concentrations by bromocriptine near term, in a pregnant woman with a prolactinoma, was followed by augmentation of human chorionic gonadotropin levels. Suspension of drug therapy at 38 weeks of gestation was followed by a reversal of this sequence of events. In vitro, both ovine prolactin and human prolactin added to explants of term placental trophoblast significantly inhibited human chorionic gonadotropin production from this tissue. Although, with ovine prolactin, this inhibitory effect was demonstrable up to 5 micrograms/ml of ovine prolactin in the culture medium, only doses of 0.1 to 0.2 micrograms/ml of human prolactin significantly suppressed human chorionic gonadotropin production. Overall, 0.1 and 0.2 micrograms/ml of ovine prolactin and human prolactin most consistently suppressed human chorionic gonadotropin production to a statistically significant extent. In general, the concentrations in the culture medium of both ovine prolactin and human prolactin that inhibited human chorionic gonadotropin production in vitro were comparable to the concentrations of prolactin present in the mother and fetus. These in vivo and in vitro observations suggest that prolactin inhibits human chorionic gonadotropin production from term human trophoblast.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Transplantation of cultured fetal human adrenal chromaffin cells to rat brain.

Adrenal chromaffin cells, obtained from a therapeutically aborted human fetus of about 11 weeks gestation, were cultured for 3 weeks in vitro and then transplanted to the striatum of rats. Transplanted cells became established through strands of tissue growing into the host striatum. No signs of inflammation or rejection were observed up to the time of sacrifice one month post-transplantation. Histofluorescence examination of the implanted areas showed many clusters of cells having an intensely positive catecholamine fluorescence with some of the cells developing conspicuous processes. This study, showing survival of cultured human adrenal chromaffin cells transplanted into rat brain tissue, might indicate the feasibility of using cultured human material for future human neuronal transplantation studies as a therapeutic measure.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1985

Isolation, culture and cell-type identification of adult human pituitary cells.

Pituitary cells were isolated from adult human pituitary glands obtained at autopsy 4-12 h postmortem by enzyme treatment (collagenase and dispase) and by Percoll density gradients. Cells thus isolated were maintained in culture for more than 6 months. By immunoperoxidase staining methods using rabbit sera monospecific against various pituitary hormones, a large number of cultured cells reacted positively. The hormones identified in these cells were growth hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and thyrotropin. Electron-microscopic examination of cultured cells revealed the presence of secretory granules in cytoplasm characteristic of in vivo human pituitary cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Expression of Ia antigens on the surface of human oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in culture.

Oligodendrocytes and astrocytes were isolated from normal adult human brains 3-15 h postmortem using a Percoll density gradient centrifugation and were cultured for 10-135 days. The presence of HLA-DR(Ia) antigens on the surface of these human oligodendrocytes and astrocytes was studied using double immunofluorescence procedures. Only half of separate culture series (6/12 donors) contained HLA-DR-positive oligodendrocytes, while all of the culture series (12/12 donors) revealed HLA-DR-positive astrocytes. Among the HLA-DR-positive cultures, 4-16% of galactocerebroside-positive oligodendrocytes and 9-24% of GFAP-positive astrocytes were found to immunoreact with HLA-DR antibody. The presence of Ia antigens on the surface of certain populations of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes may be important in the induction of an immune response to these cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Survival and growth of adult human oligodendrocytes in culture: scanning electron microscopy.

The oligodendrocytes in culture serve as an important model for the study of demyelination diseases. We have previously originated a method of isolating human oligodendrocytes. In order to establish their three dimensional morphology, scanning electron microscopy of the cultured oligodendrocytes was performed. The oligodendrocytes bulk isolated from adult human brain were maintained in culture for more than 2 months. At the various periods in culture, the cells were studied by scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescence staining using marker antibodies for the identification of oligodendrocytes. The three dimensional organization and the surface morphology of the cultured oligodendrocytes were investigated. They displayed an extensive network of the cell processes and characteristic surface morphology.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Glycosylation of lens proteins in senile cataract and diabetes mellitus.

We have investigated glycosylation of lens proteins in diabetic and non-diabetic senile cataract patients. Our study reveals that glycosylation of lens cortical proteins, but not of nuclear proteins, is significantly higher in diabetic patients with senile cataract. This finding serves to clarify the confusion over glycosylation of lens proteins as it relates to diabetes mellitus and further contributes to an understanding of glycosylation of lens tissues as a distinct posttranslational modification.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Culture and cryopreservation of adult human oligodendrocytes and astrocytes.

Human adult oligodendrocytes were bulk-isolated from the brains obtained at autopsy by the Percoll density gradient method and cultured in vitro for 2-28 days. Cultured human oligodendrocytes were then scraped from the dishes or coverslips, frozen at -70 degrees C in the presence of 10% dimethyl sulfoxide as a cryoprotectorant, and then stored in liquid nitrogen tank. After the fast thawing, 55%-70% of human oligodendrocytes plus astrocytes were found to survive in the culture. Identification of cell types was established by using antibodies directed against galactocerebroside (oligodendrocyte) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (astrocyte).

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1984

Long-term cultures of human adult Schwann cells isolated from autopsy materials.

Enriched populations of adult human Schwann cells were obtained from trigeminal ganglia and roots of autopsy material. The cells, isolated by enzymatic procedure, were seeded on rat tail collagen-coated coverslips. Subcultures were established several weeks later, and secondary cells were grown on polylysine-coated coverslips and maintained in vitro for as long as 5 months. The Schwann cells in culture displayed the same light- and electron-microscopic features and arrangement as those cells observed in vivo. The addition of bovine pituitary glial growth factor in the medium induced a 3-5-fold increase in Schwann cell division.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Glycosylation in vivo of human lens capsule (basement membrane) and diabetes mellitus.

Glycosylation represents a nonenzymatic posttranslational modification of some proteins in vivo. We have investigated possible glycosylation, in vivo, of human lens capsule (basement membrane of lens epithelium) using a colorimetric method. Our study reveals, for the first time, in vivo glycosylation of human lens capsule. Furthermore, the glycosylation of the lens capsule in the diabetics (57.30 +/- 11.26 n moles/mg. protein) is found to be significantly greater than that in their nondiabetic counterparts (29.11 +/- 4.90 n moles/mg. protein) (p less than 0.0005). The present observation represents the first example of increased glycosylation of a basement membrane in the diabetic patients as compared to the nondiabetic controls.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1983

The murine ependymoblastoma: growth pattern and survival in C57Bl/6J mice.

The murine ependymoblastoma is a transplantable tumor of cerebral origin. The growth pattern and survival times of the murine ependymoblastoma implanted peripherally and intracranially in non nude C57Bl/6J mice have been found to be predictable and consistent when examined by means of Tumor Cell Dose Assessment (end point solution), Tumor Growth and Survival Assessment. The results suggest that a greater tumor cell dose is required to generate peripheral tumor take than brain tumor take. This difference may result from a greater immunologic response to tumor implanted peripherally than into the immunologically privileged brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Argon laser iris photocoagulation to relieve acute angle-closure glaucoma.

Two patients, a 67-year-old woman and a 24-year-old man, suffered acute attacks of angle-closure glaucoma. After standard treatment methods had failed, argon laser iris photocoagulation was used to relieve the attacks. In one case the argon laser photocoagulation relieved the pupillary block, decreasing the intraocular pressure and permitting successful argon laser peripheral iridotomy. In the second case, argon laser photocoagulation broke up the posterior synechiae, decreasing the intraocular pressure.

Adult↗