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Biomedical subjects

D H Shin

Publications and source records attributed to D H Shin.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Adjunctive subconjunctival mitomycin C in glaucoma triple procedure.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential benefit of adjunctive subconjunctival mitomycin in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma undergoing primary trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: Seventy-eight eyes of 78 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma with visually symptomatic cataracts and no previous incisional surgery were randomized to receive either no mitomycin C or a subconjunctival application of 1-, 3-, or 5-minute mitomycin C (0.5 mg/ml). RESULTS: Follow-up (mean +/- standard deviation) was 21.0 +/- 7.7 months. The mean postoperative intraocular pressures were significantly lower with significantly less medications than the preoperative values at each follow-up time (1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 months, and last follow-up) for all groups (P < 0.05 for each). However, there was no significant difference at each follow-up time in intraocular pressure, medications, or best-corrected visual acuity among the four groups or between the control and the total mitomycin C group. CONCLUSION: Adjunctive subconjunctival mitomycin C did not further improve the final intraocular pressure outcome of the primary trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Future studies will determine the appropriate role, if any, for adjunctive mitomycin C in selected primary glaucoma triple procedures.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Intraocular pressure after a two-week washout following long-term timolol or levobunolol.

The effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) of a 2-week washout following long-term ocular therapy with topical levobunolol or timolol for an average period of 30 months was investigated in 20 patients (11 whites and 9 blacks) with early primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertensive glaucoma suspect status. The 2-week washout IOP was significantly lower than the pretreatment baseline IOP in the total 20 patients (P < 0.001), and in the 9 black patients (P = 0.004), but not in the 11 white patients (P = 0.065). However, the washout IOP was found to be significantly lower than the baseline IOP in the 5 whites with brown irides (P = 0.024) but not in the 6 whites with blue irides (P = 0.574). Thus, the 2-week washout following long-term ocular therapy with a topical beta 1-, beta 2-blocker appears insufficient to restore IOP to the pretreatment baseline level in blacks and in the whites with brown irides, whereas it may be adequate in the majority of the whites with blue irides.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1995

Tracheopathia osteoplastica simulating asthmatic symptoms. Diagnosis by bronchoscopy and computerized tomography.

Tracheopathia osteoplastica (TO) is a relatively rare benign disease of the trachea and major bronchi, characterized by cartilaginous and bony submucosal nodules covered by intact mucosa, which may cause narrowing and rigidity of the upper airways. The diagnosis of TO is rarely considered because of a lack of awareness of this entity, rather than the reported rare occurrence. We intend to report herein a case initially misinterpreted as bronchial asthma but later disclosed through computerized tomography (CT) and bronchoscopic biopsies as TO.

Asthma↗
PubMed1995

Localization of intracellular monoclonal antibody specific for mycobacteria in experimentally induced pulmonary tuberculous lesion.

To determine the intracellular localization of intravenously injected infection-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in the infected cells, immunohistochemical staining was carried out in an animal model having pulmonary tuberculous lesions induced by inoculation of heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. One milligram of intact mouse mAb against mycobacteria (group I, n = 10) and F(ab')2 (group II, n = 6) was intravenously injected to the rabbits of each group. Immunohistochemical staining using an antimouse Ab was performed at days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 8 in group I and at days 1, 2 and 3 in group II by the streptavidin-biotin method. For the control study, 1 ml of nonspecific polyclonal human IgG (group III, n = 10) and 100 micrograms of normal rabbit IgG F(ab')2 (group IV, n = 6) was injected to rabbits and guinea pigs having tuberculous inflammation, respectively. Both groups (group I and II) showed a positive antigen (Ag)-Ab reaction within the cytoplasm of monocytes. A weak but positive reaction was observed intracellularly in group III; however, no positive reaction was seen in group IV. Our results suggest that an intracellular Ag-Ab reaction plays an important role in the localization of infection by immunoscintigraphy using specific mAb fragments.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Sarcoidosis with cardiac involvement.

Patients with significant cardiac sarcoidosis are at increased risk of sudden death from ventricular dysrhythmias or conduction disturbances. We report a patient in whom there was radiographic and histologic evidence of systemic sarcoidosis; though histologic confirmation of involvement of heart by sarcoidosis is lacking, the clinical manifestations, radionuclide image findings, rhythm disturbances, and the response to steroid therapy are strong evidence in favor of myocardial involvement by the granulomatous process.

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1994

Mitomycin and the human corneal endothelium.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ultrastructural and physiologic effects of exposure of the human corneal endothelium to mitomycin at concentrations of 20 micrograms/mL and 200 micrograms/mL using electron microscopy and in vitro specular perfusion techniques. METHODS: Four pairs of corneas (with one cornea of each pair receiving balanced salt solution [BSS Plus, Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, Tex] and the other receiving BSS Plus with 20 micrograms/mL of mitomycin) suitable for transplantation, except for extremes of age or systemic disease, underwent perfusion with corneal thickness measured serially every 15 minutes followed by fixation for electron microscopy. Mean corneal swelling rate was calculated for all four experiments, and the control group that received BSS Plus was compared with the group that received mitomycin using a paired t test. Electron micrographs were examined in a masked fashion. Similar studies were performed using two pairs of corneas that received 200 micrograms/mL of mitomycin. RESULTS: The mean swelling rate for corneas perfused with 20 micrograms/mL of mitomycin (-4.1 microns/h) was not significantly different from that seen in tissue perfused with BSS Plus (-4.2 microns/h). No consistent ultrastructural changes could be attributed to exposure to 20 micrograms/mL of mitomycin. Perfusions of mitomycin at 200 micrograms/mL resulted in prompt corneal swelling with marked ultrastructural alterations compared with tissue perfused with BSS Plus. CONCLUSION: Human corneal endothelium may be exposed to undiluted (200 to 500 micrograms/mL) mitomycin with inadvertent entry into the anterior chamber during dissection of the scleral flap bed in trabeculectomy followed by application of mitomycin. This will result in prompt destruction of the endothelium. Exposure to 20 micrograms/mL of mitomycin, a level exceeding the concentration that may be present in the aqueous humor after its proper application, appears nontoxic in this system.

Endothelium, Corneal↗
PubMed1994

Cellulose sponge punch for controlled mitomycin application.

We describe a new punch for cellulose sponges that helps to standardize the application of mitomycin during glaucoma filtration surgery. The punch was used to create 40 cellulose application disks. The height, diameter, and weight were measured in both wet and dry states. The disk dimensions and weights were reproducible, with a coefficient of variation less than 5 for all categories. The punch has been very useful in our clinical practice and research.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of phospholipid transfer protein from maize seedlings.

Phospholipid transfer protein from maize seedlings has been crystallized using trisodium citrate as precipitant. The crystal belongs to the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with unit cell dimensions of a = 24.46 A, b = 49.97 A, and c = 69.99 A. The presence of one molecule in the asymmetric unit gives a crystal volume per protein mass (Vm) of 2.36 A3/Da and a solvent content of 48% by volume. The X-ray diffraction pattern extends at least to 1.6 A Bragg spacing when exposed to both CuK alpha and synchrotoron X-rays. A set of X-ray data to approximately 1.9 A Bragg spacing has been collected from a native crystal.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Influence of the formamidine pesticide amitraz and its metabolites on porcine myometrial contractility: involvement of alpha 2-adrenoceptors and Ca2+ channels.

Isolated uterine strips were used to study the effects of amitraz and its metabolites on porcine myometrial contractility during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle. Amitraz and its active metabolite BTS27271 (10(-8)-10(-5) M) caused a dose-dependent increase in myometrial contractility in the luteal phase strips, and BTS27271 was more efficacious than amitraz in this aspect. The other metabolites of amitraz at < or = 10(-4) M did not affect porcine myometrial contractility. The alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine (10(-8) -3 x 10(-7) M), but not the alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, prazosin (10(-6) M), blocked the effect of amitraz and BTS27271 in a dose-dependent manner. When uterine strips were pretreated with the Ca(2+)-free Tyrode's solution or the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel blocker verapamil (3 x 10(-5) M), the contractile effects of amitraz and BTS27271 were completely abolished, whereas those of carbachol were reduced. The results suggested that the amitraz- and BTS27271-induced myometrial contractions are mediated by alpha 2-adrenoceptors and this effect is mediated by an increase in extracellular Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels.

Amidines↗
PubMed1994

Diabetes in primary open-angle glaucoma patients with inferior visual field defects.

We reviewed the charts of 144 randomly selected patients with primary open-angle glaucoma who had Aulhorn's stage 1, 2, or 3 visual field defects to investigate whether primary open-angle glaucoma patients with predominantly inferior visual field defects had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus than primary open-angle glaucoma patients without such visual field defects. Of the 59 patients with mainly inferior visual field defects in one or both eyes, 19 (32%) had diabetes mellitus, while 11 of 85 (13%) patients without such defects had diabetes mellitus. This difference was statistically significant (P = 0.0096). These results suggest that primary open-angle glaucoma patients with predominantly inferior visual field defects in one or both eyes are more likely to have diabetes and that such patients with no known history of diabetes may benefit from glucose tolerance testing to detect occult impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Increased glycosylation of human lens epithelial basement membrane in diabetes mellitus.

We studied the nonenzymatic glycosylation of lens epithelial basement membranes (LEBM) of senile cataractous lenses of both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. The human LEBMs were isolated from surgically removed senile cataracts and purified by osmotic lysis and detergent treatments. Glycosylation assay of LEBMs was done using the colorimetric method of Flückiger and Winterhalter. The glycosylation value ranged from 16.39 to 92.56 n mol/mg protein overall, with a mean of 63.54 +/- 24.56 n mol/mg protein for the diabetic specimens and a mean of 29.97 +/- 14.48 n mol/mg protein for the nondiabetic controls (P = 0.009). The study confirms our previous observation of in vivo glycosylation of the LEBM and further establishes that diabetic patients have a twofold increase in the amount of LEBM glycosylation when compared to their nondiabetic counterparts.

Aged↗