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Biomedical subjects

D H Shapiro

Publications and source records attributed to D H Shapiro.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Adverse effects of meditation: a preliminary investigation of long-term meditators.

Adverse effects of meditation were assessed in twenty-seven long term meditators (average 4.27 years) both retrospectively (time one) and prospectively at one month (time two) and six months (time three) following a meditation retreat. At both time one and time three subjects reported significantly more positive effects than negative from meditation. However, of the twenty-seven subjects, seventeen (62.9%) reported at least one adverse effect, and two (7.4%) suffered profound adverse effects. When subjects at time one were divided into three groups based on length of practice (16.7 months; 47.1 months; 105 months) there were no significant differences in adverse effects. How the data should be interpreted, and their implications both for the clinical and psychotherapeutic use of meditation as a relaxation/self-control strategy, and as a technique for facilitating personal and spiritual growth, are discussed. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are also offered.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Changes in mode of control and self-control for post myocardial infarction patients evidencing Type A behavior: the effects of a cognitive/behavioral intervention and/or cardiac counseling.

A control model of psychological health was utilized to assess the effects of a cognitive/behavioral intervention and/or cardiac counseling with post myocardial infarction patients evidencing Type A behavior. A previously developed four quadrant control inventory measuring perceived mode of control and perceived self-control was given to groups in two sections of the Recurrent Coronary Prevention Project. The experimental group (coronary counseling plus cognitive/behavioral intervention) was tested after one year (E1) and two years (E2) of treatment. The cardiac counseling group was assessed only after two years (C2). As hypothesized, the cognitive/behavioral treatment section at E2 had a significantly higher overall satisfaction level and congruence between real and ideal self on each of the four quadrants than at E1, and than the cardiac counseling only (C2). Further, on each of the four quadrants, E2 had a psychologically healthier mode of control profile than the cardiac counseling only (C2); and a healthier profile on both the positive assertive and positive yielding mode of control than at E1. Finally, E2's self-control score was significantly higher than C2's. Comments on future directions in measuring perceived control, and on the relationship of control and Type A behavior are offered.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy↗
PubMed1990

A sense of control, health, and illness: exploring the mind-body relationship and the socio-cultural/spiritual context: reflections on Bali.

Research has shown that there is a much more intimate and complex relationship between the "mind" and "body" than heretofore acknowledged within the predominant Western scientific paradigm; and that a "sense of control" may be one of the more important variables mediating that relationship. Furthermore, even when this "mind-body" relationship is studied, it is often done so in a reductionist way--at a psychophysiological level within the individual, thereby ignoring the socio-cultural context within which it is embedded. To address these issues, this article examines the mind-body relationship within the socio-cultural/spiritual context of Bali. Specifically examined are: (1) the culture's underlying assumptions about the mind-body-spirit connection across developmental and life cycle issues (including physical illness, and death); (2) the importance of maintaining a sense of control, harmony, and balance, within oneself, one's community, and the cosmos; and (3) the implications of those views for a control-based model of positive health. The article concludes with: (1) a discussion of why control seems to be such an important "construct" in human evolution; (2) an examination of the costs and benefits of different methods of maintaining a sense of control and orientation; and (3) and a call for efforts toward a unifying theory of human control.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
PubMed1987

Human control.

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Aging↗
PubMed1978

Meditation and psychotherapeutic effects. Self-regulation strategy and altered state of consciousness.

We review the research literature dealing with the psychotherapeutic effects of meditation. The first part of the article reviews studies in which meditation is viewed as a self-regulation strategy. In the second part, studies in which meditation is viewed as a technique for inducing altered states of consciousness are reviewed. We conclude by giving guidelines and suggestions for future research.

Anxiety↗