Biomedical subjects

D H Morison

Publications and source records attributed to D H Morison.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1982

A double-blind comparison of cimetidine and ranitidine as prophylaxis against gastric aspiration syndrome.

Preoperative cimetidine, ranitidine, or placebo were administered, orally or intravenously to 190 patients in a double-blind study. The volume and pH of gastric aspirate samples, obtained after tracheal intubation and before extubation, were measured. Both cimetidine and ranitidine produced higher mean pH levels and thus fewer patients "at risk" should gastric aspiration occur (pH less than or equal to 2.5) than did placebo. Intravenous ranitidine (in both 40- and 80-mg doses) produced fewer patients at risk in the event gastric aspiration should occur than did cimetidine, 300 mg, and the 80-mg dose produced a higher mean pH level. Oral ranitidine, 150 mg, produced a significantly higher mean pH level than did oral cimetidine, 300 mg, and tended to give fewer patients at risk. The volumes of gastric contents aspirated were similar following each of the drugs except that the volume was significantly less two hours following oral ranitidine, 150 mg, than after oral cimetidine, 300 mg.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1981

A double-blind comparison of carbonated lidocaine and lidocaine hydrochloride in epidural anaesthesia.

Twenty patients having a standard epidural anaesthetic were randomly assigned to receive 20 ml of either carbonated lidocaine 1.73 per cent or lidocaine hydrochloride 2.0 per cent, containing epinephrine 1:200,000. An observer unaware of the solution used measured speed of onset, quality of block, and duration of action. No significant difference was demonstrated in the speed of onset or duration of the block. Carbonated lidocaine gave an improved motor block and showed a trend towards giving fewer missed segments than lidocaine hydrochloride.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

The efficacy of bupivacaine 0.75 per cent as an epidural test dose.

Two cases are presented in which a test dose of bupivacaine 0.75 per cent was injected before institution of an epidural block, as a safeguard against inadvertent intrathecal injection. In each case there was immediate evidence of motor and sensory blockade, which gave warning that the epidural catheter was positioned in the subarachnoid space. The experience of these two cases indicates that bupivacaine 0.75 per cent would be appropriate for use as a test dose in epidural anaesthesia.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

An early clinical assessment of the steroid anaesthetic Minaxolone.

Minaxolone, a new water-soluble steroid anaesthetic, was studied in combination with nitrous oxide in 30 healthy female patients. The objective of the study was to assess induction dosage, clinical efficacy, recovery characteristics, and frequency of side effects. It proved to be an effective anaesthetic causing only minimal cardiovascular and respiratory depression. Those side effects which occurred during operation were felt to be due in part to light anaesthesia and lack of analgeia. Excitatory movements and hypertonus occurred in seven patients during operation and in ten patients in the early recovery phase. Late recovery was impressive, both in quality and lack of side effects, and all patients were considered fit for discharge from hospital within four hours of the operation. Minaxolone appears to be a promising new anaesthetic worthy of further study.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Comparison of carbonated bupivacaine and bupivacaine hydrochloride for extradural anaesthesia.

A double-blind comparison of carbonated bupivacaine and bupivacaine hydrochloride in extradural anaesthesia was performed in 40 patients. No significant differences in the onset times, sensory blockade, motor blockade and duration of anaesthesia were demonstrated. Carbonated bupivacaine does not appear to offer any advantage over the hydrochloride salt for extradural anaesthesia.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

A comparative assessment of alfathesin for use in outpatient anaesthesia.

Alfathesin and thiopentone were compared in a double blind study where each drug was given by intravenous infusion supplemented with fentanyl and nitrous oxide, in 54 healthy female patients under-going therapeutic abortion. The two drugs were similar in terms of changes in cardiorespiratory variables, side effects, clinical efficacy, and patient acceptability. Alfathesin produced a significantly more rapid recovery from anaesthesia, without the high incidence of dreams found with thiopentone in this study. Alfathesin would seem to be the preferable drug for use in outpatients undergoing minor surgical operations.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗

PubMed1978

The influence of fentanyl on an alfathesin infusion technique.

The effects of fentanyl (1 microgram/kg) supplementing an alfathesin infusion technique were assessed in a double blind study in 53 healthy unpremedicated female patients undergoing therapeutic abortion as outpatients. The addition of fentanyl reduced the tachycardia, tachypnoea and hyperventilation seen in those patients receiving alfathesin alone, without unduly prolonging recovery time. Two patients receiving alfathesin alone developed marked coughing or laryngospasm. Fentanyl would seem to be a desirable addition to an alfathesin infusion technique in unpremedicated patients presenting for outpatient anaesthesia.

Adult↗

PubMed1974

Cardiovascular collapse in laparoscopy.

This report describes two cases of severe cardiovascular collapse occurring during laparoscopy using carbon dioxide insufflation under general anesthesia. Both patients made eventual complete recovery. The possible causes, gas embolism being the most likely, are discussed. A list of precautions for the safe conduct of laparoscopy is presented. Since these precautions have been followed there has been no recurrence of cardiovascular collapse in over 300 subsequent cases.

Adult↗