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Biomedical subjects

D Grant

Publications and source records attributed to D Grant.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A mobile intensive care unit based on a standard ambulance trolley bed.

An inexpensive, versatile Mobile Intensive Care Unit is described. By designing the unit around a standard ambulance trolley no running costs are incurred in the maintenance of a purpose-built unit based on an ambulance used purely for this purpose. The equipment is portable and compact and can be transported by any available means, including a taxi, to the referring hospital. Only when the patient is ready for transfer is an ambulance asked for, making the minimum use of emergency ambulance time. It contains all the equipment necessary to monitor and ventilate artificially a critically ill patient during transfer and all the drugs and disposables to treat any emergencies that may arise in this period.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1982

CT of peritoneal mesothelioma: analysis of eight cases.

In order to define the computed tomographic appearance of mesothelioma, eight patients with histologically proven peritoneal mesotheliomas had computed tomography (CT) performed during the course of their disease. CT findings for all cases were analyzed for evidence of tumor involvement in the peritoneum, mesentery, liver, bone, lymph nodes, and lower pleural space, and for ascitic and pleural fluid. CT findings included evidence of peritoneal involvement (7/8 patients, 88%), ascites (6/8, 75%), mesenteric involvement (6/8, 75%), pleural involvement (4/7, 57%), bone destruction (2/8, 25%), peritoneal mass (1/8, 12%), and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement (1/8, 12%). On the basis of diffuse mesenteric and peritoneal involvement and high incidence of ascites, CT may suggest the diagnosis of peritoneal mesothelioma; however, it may be difficult to differentiate from carcinomatosis, gastrointestinal malignancies, ovarian carcinomas, and, rarely, lymphomas. It is important to suggest the diagnosis of peritoneal mesothelioma because special stains and electron microscopy are necessary for pathologic diagnosis. Experience suggests that CT may be useful in suggesting the diagnosis and biopsy site, and after response to therapy of peritoneal mesothelioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Accuracy and reproducibility of new M-mode echocardiographic recommendations for measuring left ventricular dimensions.

In order to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of the proposed American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) method for measuring left ventricular dimensions on M-mode echocardiograms, we measured the end-diastolic (Dd) and end-systolic (Ds) dimensions by the ASE method and our current technique in 50 normal subjects and 24 patients without coronary artery disease who had symmetrically contracting ventricles on cineangiography. Dd and Ds were significantly greater by the proposed ASE method than by our current technique (p less than 0.001), but the correlation between the two was good (r = 0.93 and 0.83, respectively). In 10 of the normal subjects, the interobserver variability of both methods was excellent. In the 24 patients, the proposed method consistently overestimated the angiographic left ventricular volumes compared with our current technique and occasionally the discrepancies were quite large. Therefore, the proposed ASE method for measuring left ventricular dimensions is not clearly superior to other currently available techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Suppression of Hela cell growth and increase in nuclear size by chemical carcinogens: a possible screening method.

HeLa cell monolayers were "pulse" treated with either carcinogenic or "non-carcinogenic" chemicals. Pre-carcinogens were added with a liver homogenate to provide an appropriate metabolizing system. All proximate carcinogens and a proportion of pre-carcinogens were able to inhibit cell division, and in all cases examined, this was accompanied by nuclear enlargement. Although several "non-carcinogenic" chemicals also arrested cell division, nuclear enlargment was not produced. The possibility that growth inhibition and nuclear enlargement in cells treated briefly with a chemical could provide a rapid indication of carcinogenic activity is discussed.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1978

Isolation and characterization of mitochondrial DNA from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been isolated from a mitochondrial pellet of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The mtDNA has a buoyant density of 1.706 g/ml in CsCl, a melting temperature of 87.9 degrees in standard saline citrate, and a nucleoside composition of 47.5% deoxyguanidine plus deoxycytidine with no odd nucleosides. Thermal denaturation and renaturation studies have shown that (i) mtDNA contains no extensive intramolecular heterogeneity nor significant base bias between the complementary polynucleotide chains and (ii) mtDNA renatures as a single homogeneous class with a kinetic complexity of 9.78 X 10(6) daltons. Although rare (less than or equal to 1%), both open and supercoiled circular mtDNA molecules have been observed in the electron microscope. Contour lengths of linear and open and closed circular molecules are all within the range of 4.0-5.4 micron with a mean of 4.67 +/- 0.30 micron. This size is similar to that of animal mtDNA but approximately 1/8 that of the higher plant mtDNAs. The magnitude of mtDNA reiteration in C. reinhardtii is estimated to be of the same order as that of chloroplast DNA.

Centrifugation, Isopycnic↗
PubMed1976

Risk of death related to coronary arteriography: role of left coronary arterial lesions.

Seven deaths occurred within 5 days after study in 800 consecutive patients undergoing arteriography. All seven patients had severe anginal symptoms at rest or with minimal exertion, and all had extensive coronary artery disease. Four had left main coronary artery disease, and three had hemodynamically equivalent lesions involving both the proximal left anterior descending and circumflex branches. It is postulated that these deaths are due to a stress imposed upon patients in unstable condition with a particularly extensive myocardial perfusion deficit.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1975

The treatment of severe anxiety with chronically implanted intracerebral electrodes.

A procedure is described which allowed discrete lesions to be placed in the frontal lobes and paracingulate white matter through chronically implanted intracerebral electrodes for the treatment of a severe and intractable anxiety state. This procedure enabled progressive treatment on an outpatient basis over a period of weeks so that the amount of treatment was geared carefully to the patient's response. This psychosurgical technique minimizes the risks of untoward side effects. The case history is presented of the first patient treated with chronically implanted intracerebral electrodes at the Neuropsychiatric Institute, Sydney.

Adult↗